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Okuchnik for motoblock. What devices does the mini-technology market offer? The device and use of a hiller for a walk-behind tractor in a summer cottage How to adapt a manual hiller to a walk-behind tractor

Master personal plot, a farmer engaged in crop production, having a walk-behind tractor at his disposal, can significantly reduce the volume manual labor on the mechanization of loosening, weeding and hilling plantings of potatoes, beets, and other root crops.

The agricultural machinery market offers as additional equipment to your mini-equipment hillers of various designs.

The principle of operation and types of devices for hilling

The working body of the unit, when moving along the strip, captures the soil and forms a roller, sprinkling the plants with loosened soil mass. It is attached to the traction machine with a universal hitch.

Okuchniki allow adjustment of the width of the capture and the depth of loosening. They work more efficiently when replacing the pneumowheels of a walk-behind tractor with lugs.

They can have a folding working part (subdivided into single-row and double-row), or in the form of disks - disk hillers.

With motoblocks are aggregated:

Single-row and double-row leaf hillers with fixed and adjustable working width.
Devices with a disk working body.
propeller type models.

The flap-type device with a constant working width is the most simple in design and cheap in terms of purchase price.

The working body is a V-shaped wing fixed on the frame rack. The width of the row spacing is set by the manufacturer and is 25-30 cm.
The peculiarity of such a product is the need to form the size of the row spacing under the capabilities of the agricultural mechanism, and not vice versa.
In a two-row version, one more wing is added. As a power drive, motoblocks of small power and weight, respectively, up to 4 liters can be used. With. and up to 30 kg.

Machines with adjustable row spacing have a mechanism for changing the working angle of the wings, which allows you to increase or decrease the processing strip.

Such a unit is more energy-intensive; as a means of traction, it will be effective to use a 5-liter walk-behind tractor. With. with a weight parameter of more than 40 kg.

The executive body of the disk-type hiller is two rotating hemispherical steel elements, which are set taking into account the height of the hilled plants.

The propeller hiller additionally loosens the soil and directs it with blades to the rows of plants. It is installed instead of the working cutters of the cultivator or on the shaft of the walk-behind tractor. It has not received wide distribution.

Technical and operational parameters of hillers

Parameter	Unit rev.	Hillers for walk-behind tractors - parameter value
Parameter	Unit rev.	Salute	K1 Interskol	DDE	ZiD	ODR-1
Rows in progress		1	1	2	1	1
Executive agency	mm	folding	-/-	-/-	disc⌀ 400	-/-
Stripe width	cm	20-45	25	40-90	40-70	25-35
Loosening to the depth	cm	25	25	25	10-14	15
The weight	kg	3,5	2,29	6,0	14	12,5
Price in online stores April 2016 from		1123	817	2282	3880	2850

Do-it-yourself disk hiller for a walk-behind tractor

For self-manufacturing hiller, a single-row scheme with two disk elements with adjustments of their installation angles and loosening depth was chosen.

The base beam is made of a square pipe 500 mm long (B), the spacing (b) for installing the disks is adjustable and fixed with bolts 2, the angles of inclination of the disk in the transverse vertical plane and attacks are changed due to the sectors on the racks and bolts 1.

As an executive body, discs from a harrow ⌀ 375 mm were used. The forces of resistance to rotation reduce the roller bearings on the axles of the disks.

To install the hiller on the walk-behind tractor, a rigid hitch was used with the possibility of adjusting the installation of the product in height.

How to setup disk hiller:

The height of the shaft at the crest is increased by bringing the disc elements closer together, setting greater depths of processing and angles of attack of the discs.
The angle of attack is changed by moving bolt 1 into additional holes in the sector. Sloping the sector in the direction of travel reduces the angle of attack.
The angle of inclination of the disks relative to the vertical axis is constant and amounts to 10-15°.

Hilling potatoes with a walk-behind tractor

The owner of a walk-behind tractor to work on hilling root crops planted in rows, including potatoes, needs to purchase or independently make a simple agricultural unit - a hiller.

For small volumes of work, it is effective to use single-row leaf or disk devices, which process one row of landings per pass. More productive machines in two and three rows. But they are more demanding on the power and weight of the traction mechanism.

The quality indicators of work for a disk hiller are more noticeable than for products in a folding version.

When using any of the types of hillers, the quality of work is determined by the correct adjustment of the executive body of the device.

How to adjust the hiller:

The walk-behind tractor is installed on a flat surface, the hiller is fixed on the hitch.
The lower points of the disk elements are bred in accordance with the row spacing - 40-70 cm, depending on the planting pattern and the type of root crops.
The discs are adjusted by the rack adjustment units to the depth of loosening the soil.
The unit is ready to work
The value of the angle of attack of the disks is selected with several passes through the rows. The selected parameter should provide:
- the least resistance of the soil to the movement of the walk-behind tractor;
- the required height of the ridge around the stems of the plant.

The adjustments must be identical for both disks and prevent the hiller from leaving the row being processed.

Working with a disk hiller, a walk-behind tractor is directed over the row of potatoes being processed, neighboring rows are not affected. The track and dimension of the pneumatic tires of the tractor must ensure the safety of landings.

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It is not difficult to make a disk hiller for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands. This is a multifunctional device that helps to change the condition of the soil, make furrows and form ridges during hilling potatoes or other vegetable crops.

A walk-behind tractor or a cultivator will help facilitate planting and caring for potatoes. In the work in the garden or garden, they are considered indispensable helpers. An integral part of the walk-behind tractor is a plow. It can be reversible and disk. An additional adaptation to the technique is the hiller, which can be of several types.

Immediately determine which hiller is better, it will not work. The choice of hillers is influenced by many factors, among which are the characteristics of the soil, the size of the land plot, and the financial part of the issue plays an important role. Therefore, to do right choice, you need to get acquainted with the description of the most common hillers for a walk-behind tractor:

Hillers who don't assume self adjustment width between metal wings. The furrow for all crops will be the same distance, which is not very convenient. It is convenient to use similar types of structures for a motor cultivator weighing no more than 30 kg. In addition, the legs of the device are thin and not suitable for cultivating hard soil.
Equipment that involves changing the width between the wings, so the distance between the furrows can be made different. You can also use two units at the same time on one hitch. It is recommended to install on a walk-behind tractor weighing more than 30 kg.
The most popular type is a single-row hiller. The device is designed to work with light soil, previously processed by the cultivator. If a single-row plow is used, then the lugs are installed close to each other. This is necessary because the hilling is carried out in one row-spacing. There is a more modern two-row hiller for a walk-behind tractor.
Another device for hilling vegetables is the Dutch hiller. It allows you to adjust the wings not only horizontally, but also vertically.
The active hiller (rotary) of the propeller version is convenient to use. It has a completely different way of working. Rotary Hiller instead of wheels, it has rotors with parallel teeth. The device can be installed on a walk-behind tractor and a cultivator with two forward gears. Propellers mounted on the crossbar are convenient for crushing and loosening the soil, removing weeds with roots and hilling plants.
The best, judging by the reviews of the owners of walk-behind tractors with an additional device, is considered a disk hiller for a walk-behind tractor. It consists of a T-shaped leash, screw adjusters, two posts and two discs. Work items do not look like wings, but in the form of disks. You can change not only the width, but also the angle of inclination. The result is ridges in the treated area of the desired height and width.

Before you start working on your land, you need to find out about the settings of the selected attachment. Improper use or installation of equipment can lead to crop loss and other adverse results.

The preparatory stage is the cultivation of the desired area, it is better to loosen the soil. At the same time, organic or mineral fertilizers can be applied. The looser the soil, the easier it will be to make furrows.

Before planting potatoes with a walk-behind tractor, you need to set marks at a distance of about 65 cm. Then furrows are made with a walk-behind tractor with a hiller and the planting material is laid out. After that, the wheels are changed to rubberized ones, and the wings of the potato hiller to the walk-behind tractor are set to the maximum width. The walk-behind tractor is installed in the aisle and the plow is driven along the furrow, filling up the planted potatoes.

How to make a hiller?

A potato hiller, made for a do-it-yourself walk-behind tractor, will not differ in functionality from a factory-made unit. Making it simple. Required to work welding machine, grinder and metal sheet with a thickness of not more than 3 mm. Be sure to take into account the motor block or cultivator calculated attachments. The cultivator has less power than a walk-behind tractor.

For the hiller of the lister version, the cultivator will need metal 2 mm thick, from which the working material will be cut - half-wings. After the parts are cut out, they need to be bent in the desired radius. In the future, the parts are welded at the fixation points. The edges are processed with a grinder.

The distance between the two half-wings is fixed with a steel crossbar. On the inside of the device, a metal pipe with several holes is welded, which allows you to install the necessary recess in the soil. Another pipe is bolted to the rack, which goes to the walk-behind tractor.

You can also make disk hillers for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands. They are a little more difficult to make than the lister view, but with the drawings on hand, you can try.

To make a homemade disc hiller, you will need to purchase two concave discs (discs from an old seeder will do). You can cut metal plates yourself with a width of 2 mm. The diameter of the circles of the disk hiller must be at least 40 cm. You will also need two racks and turnbuckles, a leash in the form of the letter "T".

At the required distance, the discs are fixed at an angle on the rack with adjustable adapters by welding or bolts. Turnbuckles make it possible to adjust the discs vertically. When making a hiller yourself, you must make sure that the disks are installed symmetrically. Otherwise, the walk-behind tractor will skid to the side. The edges of the discs are treated with a grinder and sharpened well. The finished plow is attached to the beam, and then, using a T-shaped device, it is attached to the walk-behind tractor itself.

A do-it-yourself disk hiller has many advantages. Anyone can make it, you just need to find available drawings and diagrams (you can find them in special magazines about the garden, or on the Internet). Do-it-yourself potato hillers will require a little cost, and the efficiency is no different from the finished machine.

How to set up a disk hiller?

Adjustment of the equipment assumes its correct direction relative to the furrow. It should be parallel to the beds on the land with a certain angle of inclination and furrow width. A good set-up of technique will allow you to avoid mistakes and achieve good results during work.

To set the angle on the unit, there is a special screw adjustment that tilts the entire device relative to the walk-behind tractor. The depth of the furrow depends on the part to be adjusted. In addition, the adjustment is carried out when installing the hiller to the walk-behind tractor. This is done using holes for fasteners made in the rack. If moving hillers are installed, then the width and height of the ridge produced can be adjusted.

Okuchnik disk has more high quality than a plow, despite the fact that it takes more time to till the land. Work is not carried out on two furrows, as is the case with double-row hiller, but with one.

The disk weeder is easy to set up. The lower points of the discs are bred to the sides by approximately 40-70 cm (it all depends on the distance between the rows, the recommended width between the furrows for potatoes is 60-65 cm). When setting up the equipment, you need to remember about the angle of inclination and make sure that the disks are symmetrical to each other.

The walk-behind tractor is placed in the furrows so that the processed furrow is between the working disks. They lead exactly along the aisles, without affecting vegetable crop. The discs pick up the earth, forming a ridge, at the same time loosening and crushing large clods of earth.

For the entire period of growing potatoes, three hillings of potatoes are made. The first time the work is carried out when the height of the bushes is about 16 cm, the second time when their height is about 23 cm and the last time after flowering is completed.

Hilling, one of the most common types of work, is carried out everywhere, there. Where proper care is needed for various crops, such as potatoes. This type of work is not possible without such attachments as a hiller. In this material, we will tell you how to make a hiller for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands, we will provide the necessary drawings, as well as a selection of video clips.

Types of hillers

We make a hiller for a walk-behind tractor with our own hands

Today, on sale there are a lot of disk hillers from different manufacturers. But often their price scares away. Much more practical. He will make a hiller for a walk-behind tractor with his own hands.

The hiller consists of the following parts:

2 racks

2 screw lanyards

T - shaped leash

before manufacturing. It is necessary to find a suitable material, for disks, steel sheets 2-3 mm thick, which are given a convex shape, can serve.

Screw lanyards perform the function of adjusting the angle of rotation of the disks along the vertical axis. To adjust the discs to the required row spacing is quite simple, this is done by moving uprights. These “C” racks are shown in the photo below, in the same place, you can see how, using the “B” bolts, the angle of attack of the discs is adjusted relative to the movement of the walk-behind tractor.

Important! So that during operation the walk-behind tractor does not lead to the side, the disks of the hiller. Must be installed strictly symmetrically.

Drawings of a hiller for a walk-behind tractor

When assembling manufactured parts, adhere to their dimensions indicated on the drawing. In the drawings below, all the nuances of the design of the hiller, dimensions, and difficulties in making the hiller with your own hands are quite accessible, should not arise.

To attach the hiller to the walk-behind tractor, we use the hitch bracket without a beam. We attach the leash of the assembled hiller to the bracket with two bolts and a stopper. We insert the stopper inside the square pipe and press it from the outside. Using two bolts, you need to turn the hitch bracket and set the leash along the longitudinal axis. We fix the position with nuts.

Do-it-yourself hiller for a walk-behind tractor video

In the video clips below, craftsmen share their experience, not only in making a hiller, but also with tips on working and setting up.

Planting and growing potatoes in our country has long been a very popular activity. Therefore, each owner of his own garden often thinks about how to make his work easier and how to quickly and efficiently plow, dig and prepare the soil for planting potatoes. The purchase of a walk-behind tractor is the solution to these problems in full. This unit, which is very valuable in operation, allows efficient plowing and cultivation of land plots of various lengths and degrees of soil complexity.

It is not surprising that every happy owner of such a device expresses a desire to use additional attachments in the future in order to significantly expand the capabilities of his assistant. Of course, you can purchase such equipment in specialized outlets, but you will have to spend a certain amount of money. Therefore, many people try to make a hiller on their own. In this case, it is not at all necessary to make an exact copy of the factory equipment. The main thing is to take into account the principle of operation and common features products.

Types of hillers for a walk-behind tractor

Conventionally, the hiller for a walk-behind tractor, according to its design solution and principle of operation, can be divided into several main types:

disk type;
lister;
propeller (active).

Listerny

A device of this type has the simplest design solution. Such hillers have a strictly fixed grip width and look like butterfly wings.

The design of this device consists of two branched, attached and fixed sheets of iron. When working, the hiller must lift the soil from a flat surface upward, while overcoming the resistance of the soil and creating the necessary ridge. The tip of the pointed tool should extend below the soil surface to a predetermined depth. It loosens the soil and raises it, and guide planes serve to direct the soil to the base of the plant, which create the collapse of the soil on both sides.

Since the wings in such a hiller are fixed motionless, when working with it, you have to adjust the row spacing to the dimensions of the device, and not vice versa. Therefore, given that the optimal width between rows when planting potatoes is considered to be 60 cm, the width of the factory hiller of 25–30 cm is considered not very convenient when growing potatoes. Design improvements for the hiller relate to the size of the wings and the angle of their installation to reduce soil resistance and change the width and height of the crest of the furrow.

Variable Width Attachment

Such a device is the most convenient, since it has an adjustment mechanism that provides a convenient and quick change in the position of the wings. It is thanks to this constructive solution that the hiller can be easily adjusted to different sizes of beds. One unpleasant drawback of such a mechanism is that during the loosening process, the wings push the ground apart in different directions, but not very a large number of it falls back into the furrow. But, despite this inconvenience, this hiller model is more popular with many farmers.

Disk

From the very name of the device, one can understand that discs are used in its work, the thin rims of which enter to the required depth with little soil resistance. For high-quality and easy work, this design requires precise adjustment of the angle of take-off and the angle of inclination of the discs vertically. The distance between the working disks is set on the frame according to the right size processed row.

This type of tool has a number of advantages:

Propeller

This type of hiller is also called active, because the principle of its operation includes both the rotational movement of the working elements and their translational movement. The use of such equipment is possible only on walk-behind tractors with two forward gears and a power take-off shaft. By appearance the design resembles a home fan.

The use of such equipment is much more efficient than other models, but due to the complexity of manufacturing and the high cost of components, they are used much less frequently.

Whole technological process propeller elements are operated in one turn of the active disk. First of all, the soil is dug up and the weed grass is cleaned out, and then the beds themselves are loosened.

At maximum power, this device can be used not only for hilling the soil, but also for transferring the earth to another place.

Self-made hiller

Of course, making a hiller cannot be called a simple task. Here you will need the ability to carry out welding and locksmith work. But on the other hand, this will allow you to save a pretty decent amount and make the device the most user-friendly.

To carry out the work, you may need the following tools:

For the manufacture of such a device, it is necessary to cut two identical parts from a sheet of steel 2 mm thick. Then you need to bend these plates so that the bending radii match. After that, these surfaces are welded and the seams are processed to obtain a perfectly flat plane. The quality of stripping significantly affects the easy running of the device and the absence of clogging of bad joints with soil.

Special attention it is necessary to pay attention to the strength of the rack of the hiller, since it bears the main load during the operation of the device.

Having made two such devices and connecting them in a peculiar way, we get a device for two-row tillage.

If such a device is made with regulated system wings, based on the swivel and installing movable rods at the end of the device that regulate the angle of inclination of the structure, you get an adjustable two-row hiller.

Manufacturing disk device can be produced using improvised material, which will significantly reduce its cost.

The main stages of manufacturing a disk device:

After self-assembly of the equipment, it is necessary to conduct trial work with it on the site. Its high-quality work depends on many factors: soil conditions, weather conditions, proper adjustment and sharpening of working elements, and many other indicators.

All settings of a self-made device are carried out empirically. To do this, it is advisable to first walk along the usual plot of soil and adjust the optimal value of the angles and depth of entry into the soil of the working surfaces of the hiller.

And also no less important is the determination of the optimal speed of the unit. The correctly chosen pace of work has a positive effect on the quality of hilling, because at high speed the device will mainly scatter the soil in different directions, while worsening the process of furrow formation.

In our country, potatoes are considered the “second bread”, therefore, with the beginning of the new spring season, many summer residents tend to plant this useful product. However, the process of obtaining a good harvest depends largely not only on planting, but also on further care (weeding, hilling) for this root crop.

Handling potatoes by hand is considered time-consuming and time-consuming work. Therefore, the use of a walk-behind tractor with special attachment-type equipment is becoming increasingly popular among gardeners.

You can make attachments that are in no way inferior to industrial counterparts on your own, with the help of insignificant material investments.

Each land owner strives to simplify its processing, while minimizing the cost of purchasing special equipment. If the landing area is small, then you can handle it manually, but for a large area, you should think about auxiliary equipment, which is important for potatoes - do-it-yourself hiller for a walk-behind tractor.

The desire to save money leads to the purchase of walk-behind tractors without attachments. If the cultivated land requires additional equipment that facilitates work during processing, the convenience and comfort of the worker, then the necessary piece of equipment can be bought in specialized stores or made independently.

Types of hillers

Hillers are used to facilitate labor during work related to planting and processing crops. Using the device, you can quickly cope with the planting and hilling of vegetables such as potatoes, carrots, beets and turnips.

4 types of equipment models are popular:

lister;
disk;
propeller;
with variable width.

The equipment allows you to automate all stages of planting: making furrows and filling them with earth. Its use allows you to plant planting material in even rows, which will further simplify the activities related to care, as well as save time and effort.

A common model is lister hillers, which are easy to make on your own. The rest of the devices are difficult to assemble and are used for installation on expensive walk-behind tractors that are not used for processing adjoining territories and small plots.

By design

Depending on the design, lister fixtures are divided into adjustable and non-adjustable.

Non-adjustable models are a solid structure, consisting of two mirror-placed plates that diverge at a certain angle and have a common stiffener. Adjustable ones are usually two-row structures, in the settings of which you can change the depth and width of tillage, due to the special arrangement of the constituent elements.

The rotary milling hiller (also called the active hiller) is installed in place of the base cutters of the walk-behind tractor. With it, you can carry out all planting and weeding work, as well as harvesting and cultivating the soil in an automated mode due to an additional device - a rotor.

The disk device has the same angles of inclination of the disks, which ensures its balance. Outwardly, it looks like a frame placed on wheels with suspended discs. During the operation of the equipment, the discs capture the earth and sprinkle it on the place where the plant grows. The adjustment of the racks allows you to change the distance between the discs, and, as a result, between the rows. It is convenient to use a device for crushing and loosening the soil.

According to the principle of work

Depending on the functional characteristics, hillers are divided into two-row (or double) and single-row.

The two-row device allows you to process a row simultaneously from both sides, while it is possible to choose the processing angle and furrow width due to the specific arrangement of adjustable plates.

Single-row hillers are usually classified as unregulated. They consist of a single plate, and their characteristics do not provide for multifunctionality, since this type can only perform one operation per unit of time.

Buy a hitch and trailed to a walk-behind tractor in online stores

Homemade disc hiller for walk-behind tractor

Any equipment is manufactured in accordance with the drawing, which you can build yourself.

Design and device

Consideration design features manufactured equipment, which depend on the type of walk-behind tractor, the type of planned work, as well as on the personal desire of the owner of the equipment. The device may have different forms plane bending. A massive tip can be applied to its surface, immersed in the ground, which is important for planting work, as well as activities related to harvesting.

Shares or closed are made with a bend or at an angle. They can also have adjustable and non-adjustable profiles.

By providing sliding wings and an adjustable distance between the elements, it is possible to simplify the processing of the land, as well as expand the functionality of the device.

Necessary materials and tools

Before making a fixture for a walk-behind tractor, you need to prepare materials:

steel sheet, not less than 3 mm thick;
racks;
leash;
lanyards;
fixing bolts;
washers;
locking elements;
disc wheels.

Impossible to manufacture homemade hiller for walk-behind tractor without tools:

a hammer;
welding tool;
Bulgarian;
electrodes;
keys.

Manufacturing and assembly

How to do? In order for the manufactured tool to perform the functions assigned to it, it should be assembled in accordance with the algorithm:

Draw drawings.

Make a template out of paper and then out of steel with a minimum thickness of 3 mm.
Cut out halves of equipment.
Bend the blanks to a level until the outer side of the blank is parallel to the radius line

Approximate sizes of hiller discs

Carry out welding with an electrode in accordance with the type and thickness of the metal.
Treat the welds with a grinder in order to eliminate roughness and irregularities, which will subsequently interfere with the assembly and normal operation of the device.
Check the reliability of fastening elements.
Repeat welding for control.
Clean the edges with an emery disc mounted on a grinder.
Fasten the racks, leash and turnbuckles in the shape of the letter "T" with fixing bolts.
Weld structural elements.
Connect disc wheels with adapters.
Adjust disc position.
Fix the device to the walk-behind tractor bracket through the leash using bolts with washers and locking elements.
If desired, the fastening of the hiller disks can be made adjustable.

In order for the device to perform the functions assigned to it without problems, the surface of the disks must be perfectly cleaned and free of nicks and irregularities.

A self-made hiller has a number of advantages over purchased models, since it can be easily assembled, upgraded and repaired. It is easier to make an okuchnik for potatoes for the Neva, Salut and other walk-behind tractors famous models due to the ease of attachment of the fixture to the equipment.