Where to learn about quarantine at school. Features of the organization of education during quarantine at school. Certificate of absence of quarantine at school and preventive measures
28. Quarantine. Terms of entry and withdrawal
Quarantine - This is a system of temporary measures, consisting in the strict isolation of the epizootic focus and the disadvantaged point. The purpose of quarantine is to prevent the spread of an infectious disease beyond the primary focus.
In farms where quarantine has been introduced, it is forbidden to regroup animals without the consent of veterinary specialists; import and export of animals susceptible to this disease; procure and export products and raw materials of animal origin, concentrated and roughage; pass through the epizootic focus (unfavorable point), arrange fairs, bazaars.
When quarantine is established, the following measures are taken:
It is prohibited to export animals from the quarantined territory and import into this territory susceptible, and, if necessary, non-susceptible animals to this disease;
It is forbidden to harvest in the quarantined territory and export from it products of animal origin, hay, straw, and other feed;
Within the quarantined territory, markets are closed and fairs, bazaars, exhibitions, competitions and circus performances with the participation of animals and birds are prohibited;
Joint grazing, watering and other contact of sick animals with healthy animals is prohibited;
It is forbidden to regroup animals within the holding without the permission of veterinary specialists;
The corpses of animals that have died from infectious diseases, depending on the nature of the disease, are immediately destroyed or disposed of;
Manure, bedding and food residues from animals sick or suspected of having a contagious disease shall be destroyed or rendered harmless.
It is forbidden for people to enter and for vehicles not related to animal service to the territory of farms, complexes, premises for animals, herds, flocks, etc.
Quarantine is established for the following infectious diseases: anthrax, foot and mouth disease, tuberculosis, brucellosis and Aujeszky's disease of animals; Rift Valley fever, spongioform encephalopathy, plague, emphysematous carbuncle, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia; African plague, influenza, sapa, infectious encephalomyelitis, epizootic equine lymphangitis; African and classical plague, vesicular disease, enzootic swine encephalomyelitis; Rift Valley fever, smallpox and plague of sheep and goats; infectious pleuropneumonia of goats; viral enteritis and mink pseudomonosis; myxomatosis and viral hemorrhagic disease of rabbits; Newcastle disease, smallpox diphtheria, respiratory mycoplasmosis, Gumboro disease and highly contagious avian influenza; viral hepatitis in ducklings; aeromonosis, bronchiomycosis, spring veremia, inflammation of the swim bladder and carp rubella; infectious anemia and furunculosis of trout.
To set the boundaries of the quarantine area , take into account the nature of the pathogen, the methods of its isolation from the body and the mechanisms of transmission, the susceptibility of animals, natural conditions. First of all, it is necessary to correctly determine the boundaries of the epizootic focus. The larger the area of the outbreak, the number of animals and other objects concentrated on it, the more difficult it is to carry out the whole complex of necessary measures. Determining the boundaries of the quarantine area, one should strive to narrow them. However, if the boundaries of the epizootic focus do not include objects where the source of the infectious agent is located and the mechanisms of its transmission operate, then the threat of further development of the epizootic will remain and veterinary and sanitary measures will be ineffective.
The head of the district administration, upon submission of the relevant documents by the chief veterinarian of the district, decides on the establishment and lifting of quarantine by a special resolution (with subsequent notification of higher veterinary authorities) (forms 5, 6).
Farm managers and local authorities are responsible for compliance with quarantine rules, and veterinary specialists serving the farms and chief veterinarians of the districts are responsible for the timely implementation of special measures.
Quarantine is removed after the complete elimination of an infectious disease, taking into account the duration of the incubation period of the disease, after the final veterinary and sanitary measures.
To establish the nature of the course of the disease , warn her further development and to identify latently sick animals, in the epizootic focus and the disadvantaged point, a thorough clinical examination of all animals susceptible to this disease is resorted to. At the same time, if necessary, a certain number of animals are examined by other methods (for example, serological). According to the results of research, animals are divided into three groups:
Obviously sick;
Suspicious for the disease with unclear symptoms of the disease or elevated body temperature;
Suspected of infection, clinically healthy, but susceptible to this infection and kept together with sick animals.
A group of obviously sick animals is immediately isolated from the general herd, treated or sent for forced slaughter (destroyed).
Animals suspected of having a disease, as well as those obviously ill, are immediately isolated, clinically examined daily, the diagnosis is clarified and treated if the treatment is effective or not prohibited.
To prevent the spread of the disease Animals suspected of contracting an infection against which specific prophylaxis has been developed are immunized passively at first and then actively. In the case of diseases against which immunizations have not been developed, animals are subject to constant veterinary supervision with diagnostic tests.
Our children sometimes get sick, especially when they start attending preschool institutions. At school, children get sick a little less often, but during the epidemic period they can get sick enough a large number of children.
Of course, parents themselves contribute a lot to this, taking children who are not cured or frankly snotty and sick to kindergarten or school. Since there is no one to leave the child with, and at work no one likes sick leave. If a sufficiently large number of children are ill or if certain, rather dangerous and contagious diseases occur in a group or class, quarantine is imposed by medical workers of these institutions or clinics.
What is quarantine?
Quarantine is a system of special measures that are carried out in the focus of infection in order to prevent its further spread. More globally, quarantine is a system of measures to temporarily limit or isolate people who are potentially dangerous in terms of infection and the spread of certain infections. With the help of quarantine measures, it is possible to limit and stop the spread of dangerous infections. Quarantine measures are introduced both within the framework of one group of kindergarten or school class, and at the global level - the state level, closing the borders for the exit and entry, export or import of certain products or liquids.
Parents are usually more interested in quarantine measures introduced directly at the institution their child attends. And if for children of schoolchildren or preschoolers quarantine is another reason to sit at home and do nothing, then for parents it is a headache - what to do with the child. Which hangs around idle. Most often, quarantine is imposed when there are such infections that are transmitted:
- by airborne droplets (when talking, coughing, sneezing),
- by food and water (intestinal infections and some others),
- by contact (pediculosis, scabies, some contagious skin diseases).
In a word, the ways of infection are such that several children and adults can be massively affected at the same time.
Usually such infections occur in a certain season:
- colds or respiratory infections in autumn-winter and early spring,
- intestinal - in summer and early autumn,
- and some infections do not have a special seasonality.
How are deadlines set?
The process of development and spread of the disease has its own patterns, therefore, quarantine periods are developed for each disease separately based on knowledge of its incubation period and the time of contagiousness. Quarantine in the city or district as a whole is announced when the morbidity threshold is exceeded - in particular, for influenza and SARS, this is 20% of children or more. With the development of certain infections, for example, in a kindergarten or school, quarantine is imposed on separate group(class), that is, on contact persons who do not have immunity to this disease.
Quarantine times.
Let's talk about isolation times for major childhood infections. They are calculated from the maximum possible infectious period and the incubation period for each individual disease. So, when:
- Influenza quarantine periods are 3 days, then if the child does not get sick, then he did not receive the virus from the contact.
- for whooping cough, the quarantine period is two weeks 914 days),
- with bark, the maximum isolation period is 17 days,
- with mumps (mumps), chickenpox or rubella, these terms are three weeks (21 days),
- for scarlet fever or diphtheria, the quarantine period is a week (7 days),
- for meningococcus, the quarantine period is 10 days,
- for dysentery and other intestinal infections (including salmonellosis) - a week (7 days),
- most long term quarantine will be in the group with suspected hepatitis A (Botkin's disease, jaundice) - quarantine is imposed for 35 days.
Quarantine position.
More often, of course, kindergartens are closed for quarantine, since it is the kids who suffer from dangerous quarantine infections most of all. In schools, the district SES usually declares quarantine in connection with influenza epidemics; for other diseases, a special regime is usually imposed only on the class and not so often. But kindergartens with the flu can work in a special enhanced security mode - children with even mild signs of a cold are not accepted, and the rest of the children are regularly examined and their temperature is measured, the staff wears cotton-gauze bandages (or should, of course, wear them).
But if a child in one of the groups of the garden gets other infections (influenza is in the group, chickenpox, measles or rubella), the group can be quarantined according to the period that we wrote above. The doctor of the institution, together with specialists from the SES department, carry out a set of measures for disinfection, monitoring children and adults, in each situation these measures are different and we will talk about them.
Children (and adults, by the way, too) who were in contact with the sick person are now called contacts, and are now subject to all quarantine measures - isolation from others, etc. This is necessary in case the baby is in the incubation stage, that is, he is also sick, but so far there are no manifestations, which means that he can also be a potential source of infection if he is not isolated. For the period of quarantine, children who have been in contact with the patient undergo daily examinations for the onset of the disease - they measure their temperature, examine the skin and mouth with a nose, assess their general condition and well-being. If the first signs of the disease appear, they are sent to the hospital. If there are no signs, after the expiration of the quarantine period, the babies live as usual - they will no longer get sick.
For the period of quarantine, they not only isolate some children (contact children) from others, but also carry out a number of special measures - all preventive vaccinations are canceled, it is forbidden to do the Mantoux reaction, children are not accepted into this group either after an illness, who have already recovered, or new ones, who have just should come. In addition, during quarantine, all entertainment events must be canceled. Trips, hikes, etc., sports competitions and matinees. Such children walk only within their playground and only strictly at a certain time, separated from all other groups. Regular wet cleanings are carried out in the group using the entire arsenal of disinfectants allowed in children's institutions, special attention is paid to common areas and sinks. Crockery, etc. In the absence of children in the group, quartzization of the premises is carried out.
Do you need to drive?
The question of whether to take a child to kindergarten, if quarantine is imposed in the group, or to leave him at home is a complex and controversial one, there is no unequivocal and only correct answer to it. Whether a child who has been in contact with a sick person gets sick or not depends on many external and internal conditions:
Has the child had this infection before?
- whether he was vaccinated against this infection,
How closely did they interact?
- how close they sat, how much they sneezed on him, etc.
- how contagious (degree of contagiousness) the virus or microbe is,
- how strong is the immune system (how often does the child get sick in principle),
- as far as you have the opportunity not to take the baby to kindergarten and stay with him,
- and many others.
So, chickenpox viruses in terms of contagiousness are very likely, up to 96% of contact children get sick, and your baby is likely to enter this group of children. At the same time, even strong immunity almost does not save a child from chickenpox. Less contagious, but nevertheless more dangerous is streptococcus, which is the causative agent of scarlet fever - a fairly large number of children also fall ill. Measles, rubella, whooping cough and mumps are also dangerous, but most children are vaccinated for these diseases, so the risk of contracting them is lower, especially if your child is vaccinated according to all the rules and completely the whole course. Vaccination can not always protect against the disease, especially if the vaccination is incomplete or has been for a long time, but then the disease, if it occurs, usually proceeds more easily.
If you decide to take your baby to a group during quarantine, you need to measure the temperature and examine the child every morning and evening. For diseases with skin rashes, a detailed examination of the skin is needed, for respiratory infections, you need to look into the throat. If this is quarantine intestinal infection- daily monitor the child's stool, ask about well-being and the presence of abdominal pain. If any alarming symptoms appear, you should call a doctor.
Some burning questions of parents.
The question is often asked - today many refuse to vaccinate their children, is it legal not to accept such unvaccinated children in the kindergarten group during quarantine for any infection? Yes, this is a completely legal refusal and it is spelled out in the federal law on immunoprophylaxis. If you are not vaccinated against whooping cough, and there is a whooping cough quarantine in the garden, you will be denied admission to the group, BUT, only for the quarantine period - it is illegal to refuse you admission at all.
If parents do not want to risk the health of the child and want to stay at home with him during the quarantine, is it possible to take sick leave, will it be paid? Yes, in labor code the right of parents to take a sick leave with a child under seven years old and attending a kindergarten is prescribed if quarantine has been declared in the garden. A sick leave is issued and paid as usual - both mom and dad can take it, the district doctor issues this sheet.
We will talk about separate quarantine measures for each of the most common infections next time.
Quarantine for certain infections.
The word "quarantine" is of Italian origin and is translated as "forty", i.e. a period of 40 days. Initially, this word in Venice (in the 14th century) meant a delay in the entry into the port of ships arriving from other countries in order to prevent the importation of rats, in the wool of which there could be plague pathogens.
Now, in most cases, quarantine is understood as a set of measures aimed at limiting contacts (or complete isolation) of an infected or suspected person (group of people).
The legislative definition of quarantine is contained in Article 1 of the Federal Law of March 30, 1999 No. 52-FZ “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population” (hereinafter referred to as Law No. 52-FZ).
The essence of quarantine consists in the introduction of administrative, health, veterinary and other measures that:
- Firstly, they are aimed at preventing the spread of infectious diseases;
- secondly, they provide for a special regime of economic and other activities, restriction of the movement of the population, vehicles, goods, goods and animals.
Quarantine can be introduced in an educational organization or in its structural subdivisions (branches) in case of a threat of the emergence and spread of infectious diseases.
The procedure for introducing and lifting quarantine in an educational organization
After identifying the diagnosis, which entails the need to take measures to introduce quarantine, the medical officer of the school ( kindergarten) draws up an emergency notice, which is sent to the territorial office of Rospotrebnadzor.
Then the chief state sanitary doctor of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation (or one of his deputies) prepares a proposal, an order to introduce quarantine. On the basis of this proposal (instruction), the administration of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, the local self-government body shall issue a normative act on the introduction of quarantine. In accordance with this act, the director of the school (head of the kindergarten) issues an order to introduce restrictive measures (quarantine) in his institution.
On the basis of the order of the head, the medical worker of the institution develops a system of measures aimed at preventing the spread of infection. In most cases, you will need to prepare the following documents:
– schedule of wet cleaning and ventilation of premises;
– graph of quartzization;
- a memo on the prevention and spread of an infectious disease for parents (legal representatives) of students and employees of the institution;
- a log of briefing during quarantine;
– a log of examination of contact children and a medical observation sheet for contact children.
In addition, the registration log of the bactericidal installation and the log of infectious diseases must be filled out.
Quarantine is canceled in the same order in which it is introduced.
The list of diseases requiring the introduction of quarantine is established by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated January 22, 2008 No. 3. In particular, quarantine should be introduced in an educational disease when influenza caused by a new subtype, severe acute respiratory syndrome, poliomyelitis and other diseases are detected.
The procedure for the implementation of quarantine in an educational organization
The procedure for the implementation of restrictive measures (their content and list) is established by the sanitary rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and depends on the disease, upon detection of which quarantine was introduced. In most cases, an educational organization should:
1) fulfill the action plan for organizing the implementation of restrictive, preventive, anti-epidemic and treatment and diagnostic measures, which is developed by the body exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in the territory within which the school (kindergarten) is located;
2) by order to appoint those responsible for the implementation of specific measures of the specified plan;
3) promptly inform the parents (legal representatives) of students about the restrictive measures being taken and inform them about the measures of individual prevention;
4) ensure constant monitoring of the health status of children who applied with signs of an infectious disease (relevant information is recorded in the register of infectious diseases, the journal of examination of contact children and the medical observation sheet for contact children).
Informing about quarantine
All citizens of the Russian Federation have the right to receive information about the sanitary and epidemiological situation both in Rospotrebnadzor and from relevant legal entities, in particular, from educational organizations (Article 8 of Law No. 52-FZ).
In Rospotrebnadzor, a press service is responsible for timely informing the population about mass non-communicable diseases and ongoing sanitary and anti-epidemic measures, which should be created in all subjects Russian Federation.
Of course, not all educational organizations have the opportunity to create their own press service, so its functions are performed by the head of the institution, who must organize:
1) holding parent-teacher meetings, at which it is necessary, among other things, to disclose the content of the leaflets on the prevention of the disease, in connection with which quarantine has been established;
2) placement on the information stand and the official website of the educational organization of copies of documents regulating the introduction of quarantine.
In addition, it is necessary to acquaint all employees of the institution with the indicated documents against signature. To do this, it is advisable to hold a meeting, at which, among other things, it is necessary to conduct a briefing. In the process of briefing, the medical worker introduces the workers to the schedules of ventilation and quartzing, informs them about the timing of the final disinfection, explains the procedure for removing children who have not been in contact with sick students from visiting the institution.
The educational activity of a modern school is invariably associated with a high risk of the spontaneous spread of diseases of infectious, bacterial, fungal origin, especially in the autumn-winter period, when defensive forces children's body are reduced under the influence of low temperatures, seasonal beriberi. In case of suspicion of exceeding the epidemiological threshold of morbidity, it is advisable to administer school quarantine- a set of restrictive measures that provides for a special regime for conducting educational, organizational and economic activities.
The procedure for the implementation of the quarantine regime is regulated by a number of legislative acts, which include:
- Federal Law No. 52 "On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population" dated 30.03.1999;
- sanitary and epidemiological rules "Sanitary protection of the territory of the Russian Federation" SP 3.4.2318-08;
- SP 3.1.3117-13 "Prevention of influenza and other acute respiratory infections";
- SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions and organization of training in educational institutions."
How are restrictive measures different from quarantine?
In case of revealing alarming symptoms in the participants of the educational process, which make it possible to judge the high probability of a change in the epidemiological situation, the school administration, taking into account the situation, must implement restrictive measures or enter quarantine- otherwise, to the head or organization in accordance with Art. 6.3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses, administrative liability may be imposed in the form of a fine from 500 to 1000 rubles. or 10 thousand to 20 thousand rubles, respectively. In light of this, it is important to have a clear understanding of these concepts and the conditions for their introduction.
- Restrictive measures - a list of actions that the OS administration takes to prevent the spread of diseases of an infectious or other nature. These may include the cancellation or postponement of mass events, changes in the rules of sanitary and hygienic services.
- Quarantine is a complex of administrative, medical and sanitary measures that cause the transition to a special mode of conducting the educational process. Provides for the temporary closure of individual classrooms or educational institutions, systematic medical examinations, and the transition to distance learning.
Introduction practice school quarantine is a proven preventative method. It is interesting to know that the word "quarantine" literally translates as "a time consisting of forty days." The term was first introduced in the Venetian Republic after the onset of massive epidemics of bubonic plague, when local rulers - the doges - demanded that arriving ships be kept at anchor for about 40 days in order to identify pockets of the "black death". Starting from the 16th century, this practice began to be widely introduced in Russia: governors were ordered to close outposts when they received news of the spread of plagues, interrupt communications with the affected regions, and, if necessary, localize foci of infection by burning houses with things, livestock. Since 1755, physicians have been involved in the service at all border outposts.
When is the school closed for quarantine?
In accordance with current acts regulating the procedure for maintaining and protecting the health of children, the introduction of restrictive measures or quarantine at school in 2018 year is mandatory, subject to the identification of prerequisites indicating a possible change in the epidemiological situation. The nature of the measures taken by the leadership of the educational organization in order to protect the health of children and adults depends on the nature of the identified pathology:
- The introduction of restrictive measures is indicated in the detection of cases of acute respiratory viral infections, influenza, pneumonia, tuberculosis, tetanus, whooping cough, diphtheria, legionellosis, rubella, measles, chicken pox. A quarantine regime is introduced if more than 20% of the participants in the educational process fall ill.
- If at least one case of a disease included in the list of especially dangerous pathologies of an infectious nature approved by the Chief Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation (in accordance with the appendix to SP 3.4.2318-08, these are poliomyelitis, Zika virus, smallpox, yellow fever, malaria and etc.), it is necessary to urgently isolate a sick child or employee, notify representatives of the territorial body of Roszdravnadzor, and is preparing to switch to a quarantine regime immediately after receiving the results of laboratory tests.
Introduction quarantine in an educational organization is carried out on the initiative of the Chief Sanitary Doctor, who makes a proposal to local governments or executive authorities, and they, in turn, draw up a legal act obliging the educational organization to introduce quarantine measures within 24 hours, as well as determine the circle of responsible persons and quarantine events.
To ensure a quick transition to a quarantine mode of operation, the school administration must strictly follow the presented algorithm:
1. First of all, the health worker who has detected an infectious disease draws up a notice in the form 058 / y (the form is available for download in the application) and sends it to the FBUZ "Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology", which will be transferred to representatives of Rospotrebnadzor. Based on the results of a survey conducted by authorized experts, Rospotrebnadzor makes a decision will there be quarantine at school, which notifies the organization in writing.
2. If an instruction was sent to the name of the educational institution to establish quarantine measures, the school administration is obliged to urgently begin to develop a plan of restrictive measures, which should include a list of sanitary and anti-epidemic actions, the timing of their implementation and a list of responsible officials. This action plan is approved by a special order.
3. In order to inform the participants of the educational process about the introduction of quarantine measures, an administrative meeting is held with the participation of health workers, teachers, deputy directors. finalized at the meeting order of quarantine measures.
4. In order to prevent the rapid spread of the pandemic and the resulting panic, it is necessary to notify schoolchildren and their parents about the reasons, timing of quarantine and the list of restrictive measures being implemented, as well as about the nature, methods of transmission and prevention of the identified disease. It is advisable to place information sheets, posters, copies of resolutions on special stands, in school lobbies, as well as on the OS website.
School quarantine order 2018-2019: drafting procedure and samples
In an educational institution, a quarantine order may affect both the work of branches (structural divisions) and the entire school itself. The introduction of strict restrictive measures provides for the mandatory preparation school quarantine order 2018, which is modelled.
The order to introduce quarantine obliges the educational organization to perform a number of actions:
- Follow the action plan for prevention, limitation, treatment and diagnostic measures, which is for the school government agency sanitary and epidemiological control;
- By order to determine those responsible for the implementation of the provisions of the above plan;
- Timely inform parents or legal representatives of students about preventive measures and restrictive measures implemented at the school;
- Systematically monitor the condition of children who came with symptoms of an infectious disease.
Since not only the school, but also individual classes can be closed for quarantine, the class teacher informs the administration if 20% or more of the children in the class team are sick, which is confirmed by the relevant certificates.
Completion quarantine at school according to SanPiN carried out in a similar way - in an orderly manner. In cases where the application of sanitary and epidemiological measures was applied to individual classes, the order to cancel the quarantine regime is drawn up by the head of the educational institution. If the quarantine regime has affected the entire school or several schools in the city, then only the chief sanitary doctor of the city has the right to cancel it.
In this case, the following procedure applies:
- Health workers inform about the decline in epidemiological activity.
- The chief sanitary doctor issues a reasoned resolution with a proposal for local governments or executive authorities of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation to cancel quarantine.
- The administration of educational institutions issues relevant decrees, after which a plan is developed to eliminate the program gap.
School Quarantine Order Samples presented for information.
How long does quarantine last at school and how does it go
Quarantine in an educational institution changes the work of all its employees and services. The school administration develops a regulation regulating the activities of students, teachers and administration. A new mode of operation is approved, which builds on the existing legislative framework: local regulatory legal acts, sanitary rules, as well as the schedule of classes, the established teaching load, the school's working hours.
All participants in the educational process during the quarantine period have a number of responsibilities and functions, which are reflected in the summary table.
| Executor | Duties |
| Head teacher |
|
| Deputy director of the educational institution, responsible for educational work |
In order to prevent and subsequently eliminate the backlog that has arisen in connection with the transition to a quarantine regime, the authorized deputy director of the school:
|
| paramedic |
Based on the results of the examinations, the school doctor or head nurse informs the chief administrator of the need to introduce restrictive measures in order to reduce the risk of an epidemic or the need for an urgent publication order for quarantine at school according to the model. Additionally, the health worker prepares a package of documents, including:
In addition to preparing the above documents, the health worker makes appropriate entries in the register of infectious diseases and in the register of the bactericidal installation. The duties of the school doctor (nurse) under the quarantine regime include briefing school employees, in particular regarding the schedule for quartzing and disinfection of premises, determining the terms for temporary suspension from school of schoolchildren who have not been in contact with sick students. |
| teachers |
In order to ensure the planned pace of development educational material teachers adjust the calendar-thematic plans. Program lag prevention is carried out by:
|
| Classroom teachers |
It is the responsibility of class teachers to inform parents about the timing of quarantine restrictions and the procedure for their implementation. Explanatory work with parents can be carried out both by telephone and through entries in student diaries. The key task of class teachers is to convey to parents that quarantine is not a vacation time, and therefore requires the implementation of program material in the course of self-study or through distance learning. After the end of the quarantine period, parents should be informed about the educational success of their children during this time. |
| students | When the school is closed for quarantine, students do not attend educational institutions, but the educational process is not interrupted, and therefore they perform tasks that are prepared for them and posted by teachers on the school website, in various electronic resources. They pass the completed exercises and assignments in the order established by the teachers. Students get grades on independent work done during quarantine. However, they are published in the journal only when positive learning outcomes are achieved. |
| Parents of students | Legal representatives and parents of students have the right to:
|
If the incidence threshold for a particular disease is exceeded, classes in an educational institution or its structural unit are stopped for a period of 7 days. They do this if 20-30% of children are absent from the class due to illness due to infectious diseases (for example, influenza). At the same time, the class is closed for quarantine if 20% of students are absent from it during the week; to close the school, this threshold is increased to 30% of students.
The duration of the quarantine period directly depends on the disease, due to which such measures were introduced, and its incubation period:
- If there is a suspicion of an epidemic of SARS, influenza, restrictive measures are introduced for a period of 3 to 7 days. If after this period an increase in the number of cases is not observed, a return to the normal mode of conducting the educational process is indicated.
- Quarantine at school due to pneumonia lasts from 10 to 20 days, depending on the type of pathogen (up to 10 days - with legionellosis, up to 3 weeks - with another etiology). The cessation of the transmission of infection is ensured by suspending the activities of educational groups, revision of the operation of communal systems, especially sewerage and ventilation systems, and comprehensive disinfection.
- In case of registering cases of whooping cough, a quarantine regime is introduced for up to 14 days, while students, teachers and other school employees with a cough are subject to suspension from the educational process until two negative results of bakposev are received.
- Period school quarantine for scarlet fever limited to a week during which enhanced sanitary and epidemiological control is carried out.
- When cases of tetanus are detected, non-specific and specific prophylaxis is carried out. Restrictive measures are introduced for up to 14 days with mandatory hospitalization of patients.
- A single or group case of diphtheria infection requires the introduction of quarantine for up to 10 days with the obligatory conduct of an epidemiological investigation and the introduction of a set of sanitary and preventive measures - identifying patients and persons at risk of infection during interviews and examinations, conducting unscheduled disinfection.
- The decision about how long does chickenpox quarantine last at school taken on the basis of bacteriological tests. Mostly restrictive measures are introduced for a period of up to 3 weeks in parallel with the urgent separation of persons who have been infected with other participants in the educational process.
- The detection of the risk of the spread of measles, rubella, mumps necessitates the introduction of a quarantine regime for up to three weeks. It is planned to carry out a bacteriological investigation, hospitalization of patients until the disappearance of clinical symptoms, if necessary, the implementation of an immunoprophylaxis complex.
- School quarantine for meningitis announced for a period of 7-10 days. The infected are urgently hospitalized, the OS are switching to enhanced sanitary and epidemiological control: mass events are canceled, the practice of mandatory wearing of protective masks is introduced, frequent airing and wet cleaning of the premises are carried out.
Quarantine at school: rules for conducting pedagogical and organizational activities
Pedagogical and managerial activities during the quarantine period are undergoing some changes. The duration of the working time of teachers is determined by the duration of the 36-hour working week, within which, in accordance with school quarantine rules the educational process can be organized in two ways:
- Full transition to distance learning, providing for the widespread use of specialized funds to ensure communication between teachers and children to organize consultations and implement a supervisory function.
- Targeted use of distance learning technologies.
Regardless of the chosen teaching model, teachers are required to review the volume of the teaching load, the pedagogical methods and forms used, which leads to professional activities in a standard workload mode. At the same time, in cases where the activities of an educational organization are completely suspended, quarantine becomes a kind of downtime in the work of teachers. Since the downtime period occurs through no fault of the employee, it is not included in the length of service for the early appointment of a labor pension. According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation Art. 157, teachers who during the quarantine period were not involved in organizational, methodological or educational work, did not conduct training sessions, should receive payment in the amount of at least ⅔ of the tariff rate of the salary, which is established by the category. If teachers during quarantine performed other duties regulated by the job description, then the principles of remuneration during the downtime period are considered irrelevant. In this case, teaching staff, administration and administrative staff receive remuneration according to the established tariff for the period preceding the suspension of classes.
During the introduction school quarantine in autumn or in winter in the 2018-2019 academic year, in accordance with current regulations, service and educational support personnel during the period of suspension of classes may be involved in the performance of chores that do not require special skills and knowledge. The working hours of OS employees are regulated by work schedules and local acts regulating the nature of work, determined official duties with appropriate pay.
In case of transition of the school to a quarantine mode of operation, the implementation of the following measures is mandatory:
- Organization of daily medical examinations for students and employees of educational institutions who have been in contact with sick people.
- The introduction of a ban on holding mass events during which children from different classes or schools can have close contact.
- Temporary abandonment of the classroom system of education: students must study throughout the school day in one room, in which sanitary and hygienic measures are implemented in an enhanced mode (wet cleaning, ventilation, quartzing).
- Conducting paired lessons, involving the joint work of two classes, as well as conducting classes on the street, is prohibited.
- Forced refusal to enroll new children in school within 14 days from the start of the epidemic.
- Consideration of the possibility of an early start of holidays in order to avoid the occurrence of a learning backlog.
It is important to emphasize that classes that were canceled due to quarantine cannot be restored and cannot be completed during the spring or autumn holidays. Therefore, due to quarantine, holidays are not canceled, since they compress the program to necessary minimum. Holidays are obligatory planned breaks in studies and, according to Art. 34 of the Federal Law No. 273, each student has the right to holidays, and therefore the administration does not have the right to cancel or reduce them.
Separately, the role of the school principal in the prevention of the epidemic should be highlighted. The leader not only decides when and how to lock down a school, but also during the entire period of restrictive measures, informs employees, students and their parents about the current sanitary and epidemiological situation during student assemblies, school-wide parent meetings. The director, against signature, acquaints all school employees with the provisions of the quarantine regime - for this, a teachers' council or a meeting is most often held, combined with a briefing conducted by a school health worker.
Certificate of absence of quarantine at school and preventive measures
The quarantine period regulates not only the activities of each participant in the educational process, but also requires the maintenance of appropriate documentation. Certificate of absence school quarantine useful for students and teachers who decide to enroll in a swimming pool, sports or art section, change their place of residence or school, go to a sanatorium, go to a children's summer camp. The document confirms that the student has not been in contact with infected children for the last 3 weeks.
IN last years Rospotrebnadzor is pursuing an active policy of introducing preventive measures to prevent the spread of influenza and SARS epidemics, which most often affect schoolchildren. An increase in the incidence is systematically noted at the beginning of each new academic year. Preventive measures are based on sanitary and epidemiological standards and include anti-epidemic, preventive and organizational measures.
To reduce the risk of seasonal influenza and SARS, a set of measures is carried out:
- create conditions for the ventilation of school premises;
- observe the temperature regime in classrooms and corridors, uninterrupted ventilation;
- bactericidal installations should work as efficiently as possible;
- drinking regimen and diet should be optimized.
Since viruses and infections are most often spread due to immaturity immune system and poor hygiene habits, vaccinations and immunizations have proven effective, and in the context of viruses mutating every year, vaccinations also need to be done every year. However, there is no indication in the sanitary standards that unvaccinated children are not allowed to attend classes, even if restrictive measures have been introduced. In this case, urgent and seasonal non-specific prophylaxis is relevant. However, parents still have the right to write an application with a request to transfer the child to distance learning in the context of part-time education (part 4 of article 63 of the Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ).
If symptoms of influenza or SARS appear in a teacher, he is immediately removed from work with children and sent to the clinic.
Adults and children who have been in contact with sick people are considered contacts and need to be treated. additional measures isolation. Since they may be at the stage of incubation, and therefore the disease will manifest itself after a while. In this case, contact adults and children are examined daily, their condition is assessed, their temperature, the condition of the mucous membranes, skin, and stool are checked. At the first sign of illness, they should consult a doctor.
It is important to soundly assess the likelihood that the child got sick from a desk mate. Chickenpox is transmitted in 96% of contact cases, streptococcus is no less dangerous. Since most children are already vaccinated against whooping cough, mumps, rubella and measles, these diseases are less likely to cause massive illness within the classroom and especially the school. Doctors say that vaccination does not always protect against the disease, but vaccinated children tolerate the disease more easily.
Dear parents!
The influenza epidemic is already taking firm steps across the country. Teachers have already been given the task to monitor the incidence in the classroom every day. Help your class teachers! If your child is ill, consult a doctor, provide the child with a certificate. After that, contact the class teacher yourself that you are sick for help.
February-March is approaching - the months in which the mass incidence of influenza begins.
If you are a teacher, then after reading this article, you can read an article about the middle of the school year, beriberi, the most difficult third quarter. The children were tired, even if they only rested for almost 2 weeks. ARI and SARS cannot be avoided.
Why are they quarantined?
Quarantine- a period of time for which they decide to close a certain class, several classes, a parallel, the entire school or in general educational establishments in the city due to the high incidence of colds. It can last from one day to several weeks (depending on the visits to the doctor).
For children, this is a very joyful time when you do not have to go to school, even if you are sick. For - a break in a busy work schedule.
When is it closed for quarantine?
If 30% of all students in the class fell ill
, then the class teacher should call the parents of the sick. He finds out if there is (will be) a certificate from a doctor (a good reason for the child's absence from school). If everyone is sick according to the certificate (30% or more of the children in the class), then the issue of closing the class for quarantine is decided.
For example, if there are 29 people in the class, 7 of them are sick due to the certificate, a decision is made to close the class for quarantine. For how many days - the administration decides (usually for three days or until the end of the week).
If your child fell ill before quarantine, then make sure that he has a certificate from a doctor.
Why are certificates required due to quarantine?
The certificates require that there be proof that the class did not skip classes. It should be remembered that classes canceled due to quarantine do not restoreXia (they are not allowed to spend at the expense of spring break). Missed days are not noted in the journal, so the program in subjects is lagging behind, and it must be completed in any case, "blood from the nose." If it suddenly turns out that they were quarantined illegally (there were no certificates from required amount people), then the school will have problems.
How do I know if a class/school has been quarantined?
Usually such things are carried at the speed of light by word of mouth. If you don't have one, then you can:
- call or send SMS;
- look at the school website, class group in social networks;
If quarantine is declared in the entire settlement, then you can find out about it
— from a local news release;
- on the website of the department of education in your region.
But the most proven way is to ask the class teacher. Even if he doesn't know about the quarantine at the moment you call him, he will give you the information later. In any case, the decision to close all schools in the city/town must be made around 18:00. And about the closure of a separate class, the children themselves usually find out at school.
What to do during quarantine?
Sick children should recover, take vitamins, etc. Those who are lucky not to get sick on “freelance” vacations should first complete all their homework (and teachers will give them in rather big volumes). Dear parents, during quarantine, take care of the health of your children and do prevention of beriberi. At school, anyway, all topics will be “galloped across Europe”, and if your child decides to get sick after quarantine ... You yourself understand what follows from this.
After quarantine
After quarantine is released, certificates will be shaken from the class to report to the inspection authorities. Treat this with understanding.
If certificates are required from you after the class is quarantined, then only those who fell ill before closing should provide them.
I had to ask who was sick according to the certificate and according to the results of such a survey, and it was decided whether to close the class or not (there should have been about 30% of the class sick, in some cases 20%).
If there were less than 20-30% of sick people in the class or no one was sick at all, and the school or all schools in the city were quarantined, then no certificates should be required from you, since the class did not apply for quarantine.
I sincerely wish you to experience this time in good health and meet spring in a joyful mood. Thanks for attention.
