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Strawberry leaf diseases description with photographs. Strawberry diseases, control and preventive measures. In this case, drugs are effective

There are different diseases of strawberries. It is not always easy to recognize the onset of the disease, especially if there are no external signs.

To grow a healthy crop, you need to properly prepare planting material and follow a regime; in this case, the berries are rarely affected by pests and diseases, and they have strong immunity. In general, the plant is resistant to various viruses and is easy to care for. It is because of these qualities that many gardeners grow it in small gardens. Subject to certain rules, regular feeding and watering, strawberries will delight the owner with delicious fruits.

Common diseases

Every gardener in his dacha certainly grows Victoria strawberries, namely Sadovaya strawberries. This sweet berry has firmly taken its place in the garden beds. There are many varieties of this crop, and they are constantly being improved and new ones are being developed. There are remontant species that produce crops from spring to autumn. They are resistant to cold and sudden temperature changes and are stored for a long time.

Whatever variety the gardener chooses, he must remember that strawberries can be susceptible to disease and damaged by pests. Some of them affect the above-ground part of the plant, others - the root system. It is important to take timely measures to prevent or treat the disease, otherwise it will spread to healthy bushes, and this will affect the harvest.

Main strawberry diseases:

Fungal. These include white, black and root rot, late blight.
Powdery mildew.
Fusarium - wilting of the bush.
A disease from the spotting group.

Major diseases are caused by microscopic fungi. The plant is susceptible to infection by fungal infections in damp, cloudy weather, if preventive measures are not taken during prolonged rains. They appear on leaves, berries, and roots in the form of plaque.

Unfortunately, diseased bushes are extremely difficult to save. Almost all fungal pathogens are resistant to chemicals and are able to adapt to them. Bacteria are carried with water during irrigation, rain, you can bring the pathogen on your shoes or buy infected seedlings.

White rot

If you notice a thick, dense coating on the berries with droplets of water, you have a white rot pathogen in front of you. Infected fruits rot and fall off. They are not edible. The pathogen then destroys the leaves and roots. The causative agent of the disease is an ascomycete fungus.

Fungal spores are airborne.

This most often happens in cool and rainy weather if the berries come into contact with the ground. Pay attention to how the strawberry bushes are planted. You can’t plant them too often; seeding and timely removal of weeds are necessary. If whitish spots appear on the leaves and fruits, take immediate action.

Prevention and treatment of white rot:

The bushes need to be planted in a sunny place, preferably on a hill, so that excess moisture can drain.
It is necessary to plant only healthy material.
You should not plant bushes too often and too closely together.
Overwatering should be avoided.
You need to get rid of weeds on time.
If plants are affected, remove all infected buds, leaves and berries; if it is extensive, the entire crop is removed.

To combat white rot, you can use fungicidal treatment, for example, Horus or Svitich. Or use a soap-copper solution (laundry soap 2% and copper sulfate 0.2%). After a couple of weeks you need to re-treat.

Gray rot

The disease is caused by the fungus Botrytis, which infects strawberries partially in a certain area and then spreads to healthy parts. Occurs at high air humidity. The most serious damage - up to 60-70% - occurs on plants if they grow in one place for several years. Therefore, bushes are transplanted to a new location every three years. Those plantings whose berries do not come into contact with the ground are less susceptible.

Signs of damage:

The appearance of brown or brown spots on the berries, covered with a white coating. The affected area on the fruit becomes soft. Over time, the spots will become covered with a fluffy gray coating.
The berries wrinkle and dry out.
Gradually, the disease spreads to the leaves of the plant.

Prevention and control of gray mold:

Sprinkle the soil with ash or lime.
At the end of the season, remove all old, dried foliage.
Mulch the strawberry plantation with straw and pine needles.
Plant onions or garlic between the bushes.
Remove damaged parts of the plant.
Harvest regularly.
Remove weeds in a timely manner.

It is important to replant strawberry bushes every three years. The infection remains in the ground and over time, healthy plants become infected.

If you do not follow the rules for caring for and planting bushes, this leads not only to the possible occurrence of fungal infections, but also to a small harvest.

Angular (brown) spotting

Most often, the disease occurs on old leaves. They have spots of round or oblong shape, their middle is light, and they themselves are red-brown in color. The rash has a dark brown or dark red border. They are located along the midrib of the leaf or along the edge of the leaf blade.

The disease develops from mid-summer to mid-September. The fungus overwinters on the remains of affected plants. Therefore, the best preventative measure is to remove dead parts and dry leaves in spring and autumn. To combat this disease, you can use Bordeaux mixture (3-4%). The drug is sprayed before the beginning of the growing season.

Black root rot or rhizoctonia

Another fungal disease of strawberries is root rot. It can first be seen on the roots of young plants in the form of small black spots. Gradually these rashes will increase and merge. The plant will stop growing, the roots will become brittle and dry, and then the damage will spread to the entire bush.

The affected plant can be easily pulled out of the garden. The disease occurs at any time of the growing season and lasts until the onset of frost. All this leads to loss of yield and death of the plant. The infection is transmitted through the air, and insects can also be carriers.

If you used a garden tool on contaminated soil, and then used the same tool to treat a fruit bush, you will infect it too. Black root rot cannot be treated. It is necessary to carry out timely prevention, treat the soil with disinfectants, and remove affected plants from the site and burn them.

Prevention methods:

1. Before planting, the roots of the plant are immersed in hot water (no more than 45°) for disinfection for a few seconds.
2. Strawberry bushes are planted in a well-ventilated and sunny place, maintaining the required distance between them when planting.
3. In early spring, you need to treat the plantings with a fungicide.
4. It is recommended to fertilize with well-rotted compost, otherwise all viruses and fungal pathogens will remain in it. Compost from potato tops is used with extreme caution.
5. The plantation needs to be replanted to a new location once every 3 years.
6. Before covering strawberries for the winter, you need to treat them with Phytodoctor.
7. It is not recommended to plant the plant in places where potatoes grew.

Black rot of fruits

This disease affects only strawberries; bushes are not susceptible to the disease. The fruits become brown in color and are abundantly covered with gray and later blackening mycelium. It develops in hot and humid weather from mechanical damage by insects, slugs, most often overripe berries.

The disease can be observed both in growing berries and in fruits in storage. The first sign is that the berry secretes juice, becomes watery, loses its color, smell and taste, and becomes covered with brown spots. The disease has no cure. Affected berries are removed and burned.

Prevention measures:

Plant seedlings on raised beds (15-40 cm). In this case, excess moisture will drain and the ground will be ventilated.
The soil should be disinfected at the rate of 2 grams of potassium permanganate per 10 liters of water. You need to water the strawberry bushes with this solution.
It is recommended to reduce organic and nitrogen-containing fertilizers.

If strawberries are grown under cover, in high beds, then they practically do not suffer from black rot.

Late blight (leathery) rot

One of the most dangerous diseases is late blight (leathery) rot. It can destroy the entire strawberry plantation. The entire bush is affected, although signs appear on the berries at the beginning of their ripening. The color of the fruit becomes brown, the fruit has a bitter taste, and an abundant white coating appears.

The berries dry out and take on a leathery appearance. Rot can affect leaves, root collars and peduncles. Subsequently, the leaves and the entire stem of the strawberry bush will dry out. Incorrect, excessive watering, rainy weather, high humidity - these are the main conditions for the appearance of late blight. The pathogen remains in the soil and in the affected plant for a long time.

Prevention measures:

1. Bushes should be planted at a distance of at least 30 cm from each other, and avoid an abundance of weeds.
2. Destroy diseased berries and plants.
3. Do not over-fertilize.
4. Select varieties for planting with stable immunity to late blight.
5. Provide ventilation, do not abuse excessive watering.

Powdery mildew

Powdery mildew is a dangerous fungal disease. Its first signs are visible on the bottom plate of the leaf. It does not touch the roots of the plant. A coating appears on the leaves in the form of a white coating, reminiscent of cobweb threads. The inclusions are clearly visible - fungal spores.

The disease progresses rapidly. Spreads to flowers and berries, bush tendrils. The affected vascular system of the leaves changes their color, they become brown, as if with a touch of rust. Then the leaves become deformed, curl and dry out.

The fruits turn white, crack, lose their juice and begin to smell musty. The mustache stops growing and dies. At high air temperatures and high humidity, the infection spreads to all plants with lightning speed.

Measures to prevent the disease:

Treat plant roots with copper sulfate before planting.
Before flowering, spray with Topaz.
During the period of growth and development, the leaves should be irrigated with complex mineral fertilizers.

Treatment for plant damage:

1. Remove dry leaves from last year.
2. Periodically spray all year round with a solution of soda ash those bushes that were sick last season.
3. When the berries ripen, treat them with a solution of cow whey (diluted in water 1:10). You can add a few drops of iodine to it. Treatment is carried out every 3 days.
4. Powdery mildew is difficult to treat. The strawberry plantation should be replanted as far as possible from the affected area. Disinfect old soil.

Fusarium wilt

Fusarium is a fungal disease, very harmful and insidious. If measures are not taken in time, it is possible to lose up to 80% of the crop and plantation. The disease can appear throughout the growing season, but its manifestation and symptoms are different. Signs of wilting can be seen on the leaves as a bluish coloration, then the plates acquire a brown tint and die, and the root collar rots.

Most often, the leaves are affected during the filling of berries. Just at the time when the plant needs nutrients most. The diseased bush falls apart, withers and seems to be pressed to the ground. However, the virus can occur without visible signs. If the bushes turn brown and begin to dry out, the crop will lose all its parts: stems, leaves, roots, fruits. Therefore, it is important to take action in the early stages of the disease.

Measures to prevent fusarium:

1. Correct choice of planting material. Plant only healthy plants.
2. You cannot plant strawberries where potatoes grew.
3. Do not plant in the old place in less than 4 years.
4. Be sure to remove weeds.

The fungus spreads very quickly and can destroy strawberry bushes in just a couple of months.

Verticillium wilt

If the bush grows slowly, the number of leaves is small and the petioles turn red, this means that the planting has been affected by verticillium wilt.

Prevention measures:

1. Do not plant strawberries where legumes grew before them.
2. Change the location of the plantation every 3 years.
3. Treat the area with a preparation that rids the soil of nematodes, the main spreader of the disease.

White spot

The first signs of the disease are small round dots of red-brown color. The lesion can be observed over the entire surface of the leaf blade. Over time, the spots merge into one whole, the middle of the affected area becomes lighter and perforated, that is, the leaf is covered with holes.

Due to this fungal disease, the plant loses most of its green mass. The taste of the berries deteriorates, the yield is low. White spotting cannot be treated; the affected parts must be removed and healthy bushes treated with an antifungal drug that contains copper.

How to deal with white spotting:

Fertilize strawberries after harvesting with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. This will increase plant immunity.
Apply nitrogen and organic fertilizers moderately.
Don't plant strawberries too close to each other.
In spring, remove dried leaves and change the mulch.
Treat the bushes with Bordeaux mixture three times throughout the entire season.
Avoid drip irrigation, which contributes to the occurrence and spread of the disease.

Brown spot

This disease is characterized by mild symptoms, which makes it extremely dangerous. Manifestation begins in the spring, most often in April. Small brown spots appear on the edges of the leaves; they merge into one large spot and cover almost the entire surface of the leaf.

On the outside of the plate, black spores are visible growing through the leaf blade. The whole plant is covered with crimson spots. In the summer, strawberries rejuvenate, new leaves appear, and it seems that there is no disease. However, this is not so - she will return very soon and strike.

Measures to combat brown spot:

1. Remove all dead leaves in spring and autumn.
2. It is necessary to carry out mulching, which is changed annually.
3. Waterlogging of the soil is not allowed.
4. It is recommended to fertilize with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Nitrogen substances are introduced with great care.
5. After harvesting, you need to treat the bushes with Fitosporin.

Red spot

If red-brown spots from 1 to 5 mm begin to appear on the leaves of the strawberry, it means that the bush is affected by red spot. The leaves turn yellow and dry out. With the active development of the disease, spots accumulate in the center of the plate.

As a preventative measure, gardeners try to grow disease-resistant varieties. For chemical control measures, you can use the same drugs as for gray rot.

Strawberry anthracnose

This disease does not manifest itself in any way at the initial stage. It is caused by a fungus that attacks the entire plant. The culture is outwardly completely healthy, but all its organs are already affected. The whiskers and the upper part of the petioles become covered with ulcers.

They seem to be slightly pressed in and have an oblong shape. Then the ulcers will merge into a ring, and the affected part will dry out. A scattering of spots from 2 mm appears on the leaves. Their color is light brown, gradually becoming black. Over time, they will also merge into one large spot and destroy the leaves.

Flowers and berries will become infected from the affected tendrils and leaves. They become burnt, brown or black in color. Spots appear on the fruits, as if they had been pressed with a finger. As the strawberries dry, they will turn almost chocolate-colored.

The pathogen can remain in the affected remains and soil for up to 2 years, but at low temperatures it quickly dies. This fungus can also be identified by berries. Those that are not yet ripe begin to wither and dry out. And on the ripe ones, watery spots appear, which after a short period become covered with mold.

The causative agent of the disease is extremely resistant to chemicals. It is recommended to change them during secondary processing of the plant.

Measures to combat anthracnose:

1. Use only healthy plants from a trusted supplier as planting material.
2. Be careful when planting foreign seedlings. For the most part, this disease came to us from there with foreign seedlings.
3. When planting, the roots should be disinfected in a fungicide solution.
4. It is recommended to spray strawberry bushes with a solution of disinfectants. You can add sulfur.

Bacterial diseases of strawberries

Burn and cancer are the most common bacterial diseases of strawberries. During the period of active plant growth and flowering, bacteria penetrate the inflorescences to get inside. Infection occurs and the culture dies. The main symptom is dry, curled leaves and flowers that do not fall off, but continue to hold on.

Prevention measures:

1. With proper care, strawberries are practically not susceptible to this disease or resist it very successfully.
2. Bushes should be planted away from the Rosaceae family. Do not plant strawberries under pear and apple trees. These and other trees and shrubs (such as hawthorn) are breeding grounds for bacteria. And while the tree itself successfully copes with bacterial infection, strawberries do not.
3. Spraying of bushes is carried out with copper sulfate and limestone solution.

Strawberry root cancer is similar to the development of human carcinoma. The infected Rhizobium bacterium transforms and includes neighboring cells in the process. A tumor of the root system forms and the plant dies. An effective control measure would be to destroy diseased plantings, preventing bacteria from switching to new crops.

Conclusion

Fungal and bacterial diseases of garden berries are the most dangerous and common. In addition to them, there are many other diseases and infections, both viral and bacterial, that can develop in different soils. To understand what various deviations in the development of berries look like, you need to carefully study the description and know what folk and medicinal methods of control are available.

Carriers can be garden pests: chafer larva, wireworm, weevil, ants and slugs, spider mites. And such a pest as the snow beetle (kravchik) will also cut off all the seedlings at the root. To get a good harvest, a gardener needs to get rid of insects and weeds in a timely manner, carry out proper fertilizing, and choose a sunny place for planting. And most importantly, take loving care of your strawberries.

Strawberry diseases and pests can cause significant damage to the crop. Identification, treatment and prevention of diseases of strawberries (garden strawberries), pest control are important and necessary procedures for caring for the berry crop. You will find a list of such diseases with photos and descriptions of treatment methods below.

There is a certain set of strawberry diseases that are easily recognized by their symptoms.

White rot

The cause of this disease lies in excess humidity and coolness.

Characteristic symptoms:

leaf lightening;
rotting of leaves and fruits;
the appearance of a white coating on leaves and berries.

In addition, the disease can spread due to unhealthy seedlings and soil. The infection sometimes remains in the soil from the previous year. Preventive measures against white rot include weeding, loosening and fertilizing the soil, and timely burning of fallen leaves and grass.

If affected by the disease, it is necessary to use special drugs, for example, “Chorus” or “Svitich”.

Black rot

This disease usually appears in hot and humid weather. The peculiarity of black rot is that it affects only the fruits of the crop. The strawberries darken, become watery, and become covered with a black coating.

For preventive purposes, strawberries are planted only in high beds, in places that are well ventilated and illuminated.

The berries and soil are fertilized with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. You also need to limit the amount of nitrogen fertilizers. Berries affected by rot are immediately collected and destroyed.

A common disease among various varieties of strawberries is gray rot.

Favorable conditions for the spread of the disease are warmth and moisture. If affected by gray rot, you can lose more than half of the crop. In order to prevent disease, the crop should be planted in non-wetlands, well ventilated.

Characteristic signs of gray rot:

the appearance of brown and reddish spots from plaque on the berries;
drying of berries;
gray and brown spots on the leaves.

To prevent the occurrence of this disease, the plant must be looked after in a timely manner, weeded, and fertilized. Remove and burn all leaves in the fall. It is also useful to plant onion or garlic bushes between the strawberry rows, which counteract gray rot.

For preventive purposes, before the strawberries begin to bloom, the plant must be treated with Bordeaux mixture. In case of illness, special means such as “Barrier” are used. All affected leaves and berries are removed and burned.

Root rot

The danger of this disease is that it cannot be detected immediately. Rot spreads first on young roots, then moves to stems, leaves, fruits and peduncles.

There are no treatments for this disease; in this case, you need to dig up the entire strawberry bush and destroy it. The plant will not bear healthy fruits and will infect other bushes. The soil is cleaned and disinfected.

For preventive purposes, in addition to plant hygiene, the soil should be treated with Trichodermin solution in early spring, and Fitodoctor in late autumn.

Powdery mildew

This is a fungal disease that affects almost all vegetable and fruit crops.

Symptoms of powdery mildew on strawberries:

dust-like spots on the underside of the sheet;
leaf wrinkling;
drilling and drying of ovaries;
white coating on fruits;
fruit rotting;
death of the mustache.

As with other strawberry diseases, powdery mildew is caused by excessive moisture and heat.

Methods for preventing and treating strawberries:

planting healthy seedlings;
disinfection of seedlings and soil with copper sulfate;
treating the plant with Topaz;
fertilizer with minerals;
weeding;
removing dead leaves;
treating the diseased bush with a solution of soda ash and whey.

White spot

A common disease among strawberry varieties. Characteristic symptoms are expressed in the appearance of red-brown dots on the leaves, which over time grow into brown spots. The leaf dries out and becomes holey.

White spot is a fungus that grows when exposed to moisture and heat. The fungus infects more than half of the plant's leaves, which negatively affects the yield.

Preventive and therapeutic measures:

maintain air ventilation by removing mustaches and loosening the soil;
promptly remove and burn weeds and fallen, dead leaves;
treat the plant with Bordeaux mixture three times a season;
when fungus appears, limit nitrogen and organic fertilizers;
treat with fungicides containing copper.

Black spot

This disease is also called anthracnose. The causative agent of the disease is an ascomycetes fungus, which literally eats the entire plant, from the roots to the berries.

The fungus appears in rainy weather, as well as with irrigation water, household fertilizers and contaminated soil.

Description of symptoms:

brown spots that subsequently form holes;
dark spots with a light core on the shoots;
stem dying;
drying of stems and leaves;
black spots on berries.

There are many drugs that can kill anthracnose. This is a Bordeaux mixture, “Tiovit-jet”, “Metaxil”, “Quadris”. At the stage of the disease, the introduction of nitrogen and organic matter is limited.

Brown spot

This disease is also caused by a fungus during hot and humid weather.

The disease can be recognized by the following signs:

the appearance of brown spots on the leaf;
merging small spots into one;
the appearance of black pads with spores on the outside of the leaf.

In addition to traditional care procedures, it is necessary to treat the plant with phosphorus-potassium preparations. The fungus is destroyed by spraying with Fitosporin.

Late blight

One of the most dangerous strawberry diseases. Without care and treatment, the entire crop may die. The main symptoms appear on the fruits: dark spots, drying out, rotting.

Stems and leaves also dry out and die. In addition to standard care procedures, preventive and therapeutic measures include treatment with Topaz, Euparen, and Switch.

This disease is also called fusarium wilt. If affected, the stems and leaves change color and become brown. An ovary does not form on a diseased bush, and the plant gradually dies.

Usually the disease appears in extreme heat and affects not only strawberries, but also the weeds around it, and is deposited in the soil.

Prevention methods:

weed control;
soil fertilization;
soil disinfection.

It is possible to treat the plant if the disease is detected at an early stage of its development.

In this case, the following drugs are effective:

"Phytodoctor";
"Fundazol";
"Trichodermin";
"Horus."

Strawberry pests and their description

In addition to diseases, garden strawberries can also be affected by harmful insects, which must be combated in order not to lose the harvest.

This insect is microscopic in size, which is why it is invisible. Characteristic signs of the presence of a nematode: curled strawberry leaves and irregular shape of the berries.

The plant itself becomes lethargic and fragile. To prevent the appearance of insects, you need to plant healthy seedlings, and the adult plant is treated with insecticides:

copper sulfate;
"Urea";
"Vitaros";
"Maksim".

The insect is dark gray in color, up to 3 mm long. This insect spends the winter under the soil or fallen leaves, and comes out in the spring. The weevil feeds on the leaves of strawberries, wild strawberries and raspberries, gnawing through them.

When the fruits appear, the insect eats them too. It is impossible to get rid of it; it is important to spray it before flowering begins. The drugs “Karbofos”, “Confidor”, “Decis” are used.

This insect has a light green color and a short, wide proboscis. The length of the weevil is up to 12 mm. It harms garden strawberries by eating the roots, as a result of which the plant weakens, dries out and dies. They also fight insects with drugs: “Karbofos”, “Confidor”, “Decis”.

An oblong oval tick that is white in color and becomes yellow as it matures. This is a dangerous pest that eats strawberry leaves and also lays larvae there that suck out the cell sap. The berries become smaller, the leaves curl and wrinkle.

The plant is treated with “Gray colloidal” in early spring, as soon as young leaves appear.

Before flowering, spray with the drug "Neoron". If there are a lot of insects, then treatment is carried out with Karbafos. Traditional methods include treatment with an infusion of garlic or onion peels before flowering begins.

Spider mite

In addition to the classic symptoms of insect damage, cobwebs are observed on the leaves. The drug "Karbafos" is also used as a treatment.

This insect, also called the spinning top, is a difficult-to-control pest that attacks more than half of the berries in an entire season.

The mole cricket is brown in color and reaches 6 cm in length. Using its front paws, it digs the ground and lays up to 400 larvae in the ground. Both mole crickets and insects emerging from eggs feed on strawberry roots. As a result, the plant withers and dies.

An effective assistant in the fight against mole crickets is a bird. But in case of severe insect damage, only chemicals can help. The soil is watered with water with the addition of a solution of “Zolon”, “Marshall”, “Aktara”, “Bazudin”.

Among folk methods, luring insects to the surface using jars with honey is popular. Marigolds, calendula and chrysanthemums planted around also repel mole crickets well.

This is a small insect that can be black, brown or green in color. Aphids settle in entire colonies and eat the stems, leaves and flowers of strawberries. As a result, the plant weakens, a sticky mass and yellow spots appear on the leaves. The fruit does not develop from the peduncle.

Aphids are destroyed using the preparations “Karate”, “Shar Pei” and “Nurell”. Folk remedies include soap solution and tobacco decoction.

The first berry that should delight gardeners in the summer is garden strawberries or, as they are commonly called, strawberries. Everyone is looking forward to its harvest, admiring the aroma and taste. Unfortunately, our expectations are not always met: instead of juicy, large berries, we get small fruits covered with an incomprehensible coating, withered bushes with damaged foliage, and blackened inflorescences. This means that strawberries need your help and protection. To avoid disappointment, you need to know how to identify problems with strawberries based on external signs and take adequate measures in time to maintain their health, and, therefore, the quality of fruiting.

What can the appearance of strawberries tell you?

Strawberries, like any plant, require our attention. In addition to weeding, watering and fertilizing, an important procedure is to inspect the berry garden. Healthy strawberry bushes should be strong, have juicy green leaves without spots or plaques, strong inflorescences with a large number of ovaries.

A healthy strawberry bush produces a large number of flower stalks

A negative change in appearance is a signal to the gardener that the strawberries need something. It is important to correctly classify problems and find solutions in time.

Table: signs of problems and ways to solve them

Changes	Possible reasons
Wilting leaves	Activity of pests (mole crickets, moles, etc.) that damaged the roots of the plant; verticillium wilt; lack of moisture.
Drying leaves	Fungal diseases: gray rot, powdery mildew.
Curling of leaves	Lack of moisture; exceeding doses or frequency of treatment with chemicals; pest damage: aphids, spider mites; powdery mildew disease.
Fruit rotting	The strawberry root system is affected by root, black or gray rot; there is high humidity in the area; the plantings are thickened, poorly ventilated and, as a result, the berries rot and rot.
Yellowing of leaves	Lack of nitrogen or magnesium in the soil; strawberry mite attack; chlorosis disease.
Spots on leaf blades	Increased soil acidity, lack of nitrogen; fungal diseases.
Strawberries don't bloom	Violation of planting deadlines. The bush spends all its energy on rooting; severe, prolonged (more than 2 weeks) hot weather; oversaturation with nitrogen fertilizers. In this case, the bush has an excess of green mass, but does not bloom; spread of weed bushes in the area. They have all the external characteristics of strawberries, look strong and healthy, produce lots of whiskers, but do not bloom. Such bushes must be ruthlessly removed, otherwise they can choke and crowd out fruit-bearing plants.

Photo gallery: negative changes in the appearance of strawberries

In autumn, daylight hours become shorter, resulting in the natural destruction of chlorophyll in the leaves. Yellowing of strawberry leaves can be caused by improper care of the bushes, deficiency or excess of vitamins and minerals, diseases and pests There are several reasons for the appearance of rot on a strawberry ridge: excess moisture, dense plantings, cold weather, fungal infections When strawberry leaves become spotted and begin to change color prematurely from green to yellow, red, brown or black, this is a clear sign that the plant urgently needs your help. If the rules for caring for berries are not followed, or if the bushes are damaged by pests or fungal infections, strawberry leaves may become curled or curled. Causes of strawberries drying out: diseases, pests or improper care

Causes, symptoms of strawberry diseases and ways to protect against them

It is impossible to be completely insured and confident that strawberry plantings will not be subject to disease or pest attack, so knowledge of these problems is extremely important.

Verticillium wilt

This fungal disease affects the plant's vascular system, roots, rosettes and root collar. Infected plants droop, wilt, and the leaves turn red-yellow and then dark brown. Almost no new leaves are formed. Affected whiskers and petioles have dark stripes and spots. If urgent measures are not taken, up to 50% of strawberry bushes may die in a year.

Important! If strawberries grow on sandy soil, then the diseased plant may die within a week; on other types of soil, dying occurs more slowly.

The main source of infection is the soil, in which the fungus can be viable for several years. In addition, the pathogen settles on weeds and vegetables, which can also be a source of infection.

Bushes severely affected by Verticillium wilt will be stunted and drooping with few yellowish-brown leaves.

To prevent and protect the plant, the following measures must be taken:

observe crop rotation. It is not recommended to plant strawberries after tomatoes, peppers, potatoes, chrysanthemums and other crops susceptible to the disease;
choose varieties that are resistant to the disease;
destroy affected strawberry bushes;
use healthy planting material.

Late blight is dangerous because it quickly spreads from bush to bush and leads to the death of the plant. The disease affects the root system, leaves, petioles and peduncles. Brown spots appear on them, gradually rotting. Strawberry fruits suffer the most from the disease: the pulp becomes covered with brown leathery spots, the berries become hard, bitter, and mummified.

Crop losses due to late blight can reach 100%

Note! The fungus overwinters on infected plant debris, as well as on living strawberry rosettes.

Measures to prevent and protect against this disease are the following:

correct watering mode;
use of varieties resistant to late blight;
compliance with planting and crop rotation schemes;
timely destruction of infected bushes and plant debris;
treatment of plantings with Bordeaux mixture, copper sulfate, copper oxychloride, Abiga-Pik and Oxyx preparations.

Gray rot

The disease manifests itself in the appearance of brown, weeping spots, on which a grayish-smoky coating gradually forms

The spread of the disease is facilitated by high air humidity at moderate temperatures and thickening of plantings both in open ground and in greenhouses. Pathogen spores can spread through moisture, through the air, and can be carried by insects.

To prevent and control the disease, it is recommended to do the following:

place strawberry plantings in well-ventilated areas;
do not allow thickening of plantings;
select varieties resistant to the disease;
do not overfeed the bushes with nitrogenous fertilizers, so as not to provoke a large accumulation of green mass;
mulch plantings;
remove infected plants;
If a disease is detected, treat with fungicides: Alirin-B, Switch.

Video: mulching strawberry plantings to combat gray mold

Brown, white and brown spots

If spots appear on the leaves, petioles, or shoots of strawberries, then their cause may be a fungal disease - spotting. There are several types of spotting, the most common of which are brown, brown (or angular) and white.

Brown spot

First, small focal lesions appear on the plant, which gradually grow into large reddish-brick-colored blurry spots with brown edges. They affect the entire leaf plate, sap flow in it is disrupted and it dies.

Brown spot begins to develop in early spring and spreads most intensively after harvest (in June), infecting mainly old leaves

The spread of the disease is facilitated by a warm, humid environment, sprinkler irrigation, and dense and weedy plantings. Insects can be carriers of fungal spores. The pathogen overwinters in fallen leaves, and the next year attacks the plantings again.

Note! Fungal spores develop intensively and infect strawberry bushes during the formation and laying of new buds, which negatively affects the next harvest.

Preventive and protective measures in the fight against brown spot are:

autumn pruning of berry leaves and removal of old leaves in early spring;
planting varieties resistant to the disease;
regular weed removal;
spraying plantings with Bordeaux mixture;
fungicide treatment: Switch, Falcon.

Strawberry white spot

If spots up to 1 cm in diameter appear on the leaves, petioles, and peduncles of strawberries, which have a white lattice-like center and a dark brown or purple rim, the plantings are infected with white spotting. Subsequently, the affected part of the leaf blade falls out, the plant becomes depressed and spreads along the ground.

The peak of the disease occurs during the flowering period.

It is important to know! White spot infestation can result in loss of 15 to 100% of the strawberry crop.

The following factors contribute to the intensive development of the disease:

rainy weather;
heavy dew;
sprinkling irrigation;
dense plantings;
overfeeding strawberries with organic fertilizers.

In order to prevent and protect plants, the following measures must be taken:

Infection of plantings with angular spot can lead to the death of the entire crop. It appears as spots on the leaf blades of strawberries, but they have a unique shape and location on the leaf: purple spots with a gray-brown core stretch along the main vein or along the edge of the leaves and have a pronounced angular shape. The disease reduces the winter hardiness of the plant, weakens it, and affects the next year's harvest. The fungal spores take refuge in fallen leaves for the winter, and in early spring they begin to attack plants again.

Brown spot is a common disease that causes massive damage to the berry plant in the second half of the growing season, followed by the death of leaves.

The following preventive and protective measures will help protect the crop and cope with the disease:

use of blight-resistant varieties and healthy seedlings for planting;
immediate destruction of diseased bushes;
If a disease is detected, it is recommended to move the planting to another location. Strawberries can be returned to the plot no earlier than after 5 years;
preventive spring spraying with Falcon, Quadris, Metaxyl, Ridomil;
timely mulching, weeding and loosening of beds;
stopping fertilizing containing nitrogen;
spraying plantings with Bordeaux mixture;
autumn and spring cleaning of plantings from foliage and plant debris;
treatment with Fitosporin.

Important! Treatment with chemicals against spotting cannot be carried out during fruiting!

Powdery mildew

The disease develops on leaf blades, petioles, tendrils and strawberries. First, a barely noticeable whitish coating appears on the underside of the leaves, which gradually moves to the upper part of the leaf, and then to other parts of the plant. The bush stops growing, diseased leaves become coarse and curl. The affected mustache also curls. The fruits take on an ugly shape, have a waxy coating and an unpleasant taste.

Warm, humid air is favorable conditions for the spread of the disease.

The following are highlighted as preventive and protective measures in the fight against powdery mildew:

use of varieties resistant to powdery mildew and healthy seedlings;
in areas with high humidity, planting plants on high ridges;
preventive spraying with a soap-copper solution or Quadris;
spraying of plantings after harvesting with Switch, Fundazol.

Strawberry pests

Strawberry plantings and berry harvests can be damaged not only by diseases, but also by pests. There are a huge number of them: all kinds of insects, slugs, snails, rodents, and even the protectors of forests and fields - birds.

Protecting strawberries from birds

By attracting birds to their plots, many gardeners believe that their crops are practically protected from harmful insects. It turns out that many birds (starlings, sparrows, magpies, rooks, crows, thrushes and others) themselves love to feast on strawberries, and they always choose ripe and large ones.

Regular bird attacks as the berries ripen are especially dangerous, because a small flock of birds can almost completely destroy the berry crop.

Gardeners use various ways to combat this threat:

Slugs on strawberries

Slugs are a serious problem for strawberry plantings. They damage the plants themselves, gnaw off young leaves, and spoil the presentation of the berries. In addition, the ugly pest leaves a nasty slippery trail along the path of its movement.

Note! Usually, naked slugs, which are nocturnal, settle in vegetable gardens and orchards. During the day, it hides in cracks in the soil and under plant leaves.

The pest spreads massively in damp areas under warm weather conditions. To protect against slugs, preliminary measures should be taken to prevent the pest from entering the area:

Important! Radical measures to combat slugs are the drugs Groza, Meta.

The strawberry-raspberry weevil is a small (up to 3 mm) grayish-black bug that overwinters on fallen leaves, in cracks in the soil, and in the spring lays eggs in strawberry buds. In this case, the pest gnaws the stalk under the bud.

Helpful information! One insect can destroy up to 50 strawberry ovaries.

The emerging larvae feed on the unopened flower, pupate in it, and in the middle of summer a new generation of pests attacks the plantings, damaging the young leaves of the plant. The weevil then settles down for the winter to resume its attacks in the spring. Only radical measures can help in the fight against the pest: spraying the plantings with Karbofos, Actellik, Corsair or Zolon.

The weevil gnaws the stalk, causing the flower to dry out and fall off

May beetle larvae on strawberries

This incredibly voracious larva can ruin the root system of almost any vegetable and garden crop.

Important information! The pest overwinters at a depth of 50–60 cm, so it is not easy to get to it when simply digging up the garden.

A three-year-old cockchafer larva is capable of gnawing strawberry roots, creating optimal conditions for the proliferation of various microorganisms

Most often, gardeners use the following measures to combat cockchafer larvae:

they are collected by hand;
Knowing that beetle larvae do not like soil enriched with nitrogen, white clover is sown between the rows. The nodule bacteria of this culture are capable of absorbing nitrogen from the air;
they use folk remedies: water the plantings with an infusion of onion peels or a solution of ammonia;
when the pest spreads massively, chemical or biological preparations are used (Nemabakt, Antikhrushch, Zemlin).

Video: strawberries wilting for no apparent reason

Nematodes on strawberries

leaves turn yellow, wrinkle, and curl;
plant growth slows down;
strawberries bloom poorly;
the berries have an ugly shape.

If you suspect that a strawberry is affected by a nematode, you need to dig up the bush and inspect its root system. A poppy scattering of white cysts can be found on the affected roots.

The nematode gradually damages the soil and plants, worsening the harvest or leading to its complete absence

Preventive pest control measures are:

Helpful information! Planting flowers such as nasturtium, marigolds, marigolds, and calendula among strawberries will help repel the pest.

Ants are beneficial insects, but they cause a lot of trouble in the garden. Ripe berries, leaves and root systems of strawberries come under attack from insects. Turf ants love to create anthills in strawberry rhizomes and damage the roots of the plant, which can lead to its death.

Among other things, ants bring with them aphids, which are the pet of the anthill. They protect, guard, and graze aphids, in return receiving their main diet - sweet honeydew, which is a waste product of aphids.

Aphids secrete sweet honeydew, rich in carbohydrates, which is the main food product of ants.

Aphids cause enormous damage to strawberries:
it is a carrier of various diseases;
its settlements weaken the plant;
Flowers blooming and fruit formation is difficult on affected bushes;
strawberry leaves curl and wither;

there is a change in the tips of the shoots.

Gardeners have a huge number of means of protection against these pests in their arsenal:

bait traps for ants with slow-acting poison;
folk remedies using boric acid, tobacco, garlic, yeast;
treatment with chemicals Fitoverm, Aktara, Iskra.

Strawberry mite

This pest is difficult to see even with a strong magnifying glass. It is very small, but the damage that the strawberry mite can cause to strawberry plantings is enormous. Infection of plantings occurs through seedlings, and then the mite spreads throughout the area during care: through working tools, shoes, and clothing.

For mass infection, certain weather conditions are needed - warm, humid weather (+20–25 degrees with a humidity of more than 80%).

The harmfulness of the mite lies primarily in the fact that it causes damage to the future harvest, as it damages the developing flower buds. Signs of the appearance of a pest on strawberry plantings are:
underdevelopment, weakness of bushes;
chopping and curling leaves;
yellowish tint of foliage,

drying of berries.

The harmfulness of the mite increases in proportion to the age of strawberry plantations, reaching a maximum in three- to four-year-old plantings
use healthy planting material;
choose a well-lit and ventilated area for the ridges
observe crop rotation. Strawberries can be planted in their old place no earlier than after 4 years;
promptly destroy plant debris and old leaves;
adhere to the watering and fertilizing regime;

immediately destroy infected bushes.

Video: mites on strawberries, struggle for the harvest

Remember that preventive measures are the most effective means of combating pests and diseases of strawberries. Early detection of signs will help protect strawberry plantings from massive damage and preserve not only the harvest, but also the plantings.

Good day everyone!

Today is an article about strawberry diseases with photographs, detailed descriptions and methods of treating and helping the berries.

Each disease exists in certain climate and soil conditions, which means that when a gardener decides to plant one or another variety, one must take into account the susceptibility of this variety to diseases and the likelihood of their occurrence in specific conditions. Preventive measures and recognition of symptoms in the early stages allows you to cope with plant ailments more successfully. And now more about

Strawberry diseases with photos and descriptions

The most common strawberry diseases:

white rot
gray mold
black rot
root rot
powdery mildew
fusarium wilt
white spot
brown spot
anthracnose or black spot
late blight rot of strawberries

White rot

If there is a lack of heat and excess rain in summer, then strawberry bushes can be affected by a disease such as white rot. Its appearance is indicated by the lightening of leaves, which subsequently rot. A white coating appears on the leaves and the berries rot.

The spread of the disease is facilitated by dense plantings and weeds in the area.

The spread of this infection can be curbed if you use healthy seedlings for planting, observe the recommended distances when planting, and remove weeds.

Treatment

Drugs that inhibit the spread of rot - Horus or Sweetich - help fight an outbreak of white rot.

Most often, strawberry plantings are affected by gray rot. Its appearance is favored by warm and humid weather. In dense plantings with poor ventilation, where berries are grown for a long time, up to 60% of the crop is damaged.

A strawberry plantation is affected by gray rot if:

brown spots with a gray coating are noticeable on the berries;
over time, diseased berries dry out;
Gray or brown spots appear on the leaves.

There are several sources of infection - weeds, uncleaned leaves and affected berries.

Prevention:

Keep the soil free of weeds
Sprinkle the soil with ash or lime
Shortly before flowering, it is useful to treat the plantings with Bordeaux mixture or the Barrier preparation.
After harvesting, all leaves must be removed from the plantings, but this must be done in such a way that the bushes have time to grow healthy leaves before the onset of frost.
It is advisable to alternate rows of strawberry bushes with rows of onions or garlic.
Change the place where the crop is grown at least once every three years.
Use pine litter or straw as mulch.
Remove diseased berries promptly and completely.
Harvest the ripe crop quickly and completely.

Varieties with peduncles located above the leaves are less affected by rot.

Varieties resistant to gray rot:

Leningradskaya Pozdnaya;
Aliso;
Marvelous;
Ruby Pendant;
Redgauntlit;
Early Dense;
Talka;
VIR Beam;
Olympus;
Festival Chamomile;
Ducat;
Bravo;
Fireworks;
Bohemia.

Highly susceptible to gray mold There are varieties such as:

Hope;
Beauty of Zagorje;
Generous;
Krasnoselskaya;
Cinderella;
Zenga Zengana;
Relay race

Black root rot

The disease begins with small black spots appearing on young roots, then all young roots turn black. Then the entire plant from the roots to the rosette becomes brown. Constrictions appear on the rhizome and it becomes fragile. Productivity decreases, bushes do not develop. Root rot infection is active throughout the plant's growing season.

Prevention

When laying beds and fertilizing plantings, use only well-rotted compost. In unripe compost prepared with the addition of weeds, the infection persists.
After the snow melts, the plantings are treated with the drug "Trichodermin"
Before leaving the plantation for the winter, it must be sprayed with “Phytodoctor”.
Strawberries should not be preceded by potatoes.
The place for planting beds should be sunny with well-warmed soil.

Treatment

Root rot disease has no cure. Infected plants are dug up and destroyed. The vacated space is disinfected.

Hot and humid summers provoke the appearance of a strawberry disease called black rot. This disease only affects berries. Affected berries become watery, lose their color, and turn brown. The fruits lack their characteristic strawberry taste and aroma. A coating appears on the berries - first colorless and then black.

Prevention

Strawberries grown in high beds are less likely to be affected by black rot.
Choose a place for future planting that is well-lit and ventilated.
By feeding strawberries with potassium permanganate (2g per bucket of water), we improve the quality of the berries and destroy the infection.
Use nitrogen fertilizers, including organic ones, in limited quantities. .

Treatment

There is no treatment as such. The spread of the disease can be prevented by collecting and destroying all infected berries.

The causative agent of powdery mildew, a fungus, damages the leaves, fruits and heart of the bush.

Symptoms of its appearance :

First, individual spots of light white dust appear on the underside of the sheet;
Over time, the spots increase in size and merge into one;
The leaves become wrinkled and thicken;
The ovaries stop growing, turn brown and dry out.
A white coating appears on the formed fruits, the berries turn gray and rot.
Brown spots appear on the whiskers, which also die off.

The spread of the disease is facilitated by high temperature and humidity.

Prevention

Plant seedlings maintaining the recommended distances.
Avoid excessive soil moisture.
The roots of acquired seedlings must be disinfected with copper sulfate immediately before planting.
Before flowering and after harvesting, the plantings are treated with Topaz.
Strengthen the immunity of plants by fertilizing the leaves with complete mineral fertilizer (a tablespoon per bucket of water).

Treatment

Powdery mildew is a serious and very common disease. It is difficult to fight him, but it is possible. In early spring, immediately after the snow melts, it is necessary to collect and burn old leaves. Bushes that were affected by this fungus in the previous year are treated with a solution of soda ash (50 g dissolved in 10 liters of water) throughout the growing season.

This solution is used before strawberries bloom and after harvesting. During the filling and ripening of berries, unpasteurized whey, which is diluted ten times with water, will help destroy the fungus. To increase effectiveness, add an iodine solution (1 mg per 10 liters of liquid). Spraying is carried out until symptoms disappear every three days in dry weather.

Fusarium wilt

When strawberry plantings are affected by fusarium wilt, the green part of the bush changes its color to brown-brown. There is no ovary on such bushes. The bushes stop developing and die. The spread of infection is facilitated by high air temperatures. The infection reserve remains on weeds.

Prevention

You only need to plant healthy seedlings, without the slightest signs of disease.
Strawberries should be returned to their original place no earlier than after 4 years. The predecessor of the plantation should not be potatoes.
Prevent the growth of weeds.

Treatment

Fusarium wilt can only be treated if it is detected in the early stages of the disease. In this case, “Phytodoctor”, “Trichodermin”, “Chorus” or “Fundazol” can help.

A common disease on strawberry plantings. Small, red-brown dots appear on young leaves. On older leaves there are rounded brown spots bordered by a wide darker stripe. As the disease progresses, the spots join together and spread to the entire leaf. The lighter center discolors and the sheet becomes holey.

The causative agent of this disease is a fungus that develops throughout the warm season. The result of the activity of this fungus is the loss of up to 50% of leaves, which ultimately leads to a decrease in yield and deterioration in the quality of berries. The abundance of moisture in the air and soil accelerates the development of the disease.

You can find out about the appearance of white spotting if:

Newly appeared spots are almost invisible - up to 3 mm in size. at the very beginning of the development of the disease, these spots are small in size - up to 3 mm and colored brown; over time they become lighter;
The leaves become covered with spots, light in the middle and dark along the rim
The spots are concentrated along the central vein of the leaf and along the edge.
The dried centers of the stains crumble, leaving small holes.
As the disease develops, the holes unite into a large one and spread to the entire leaf, which dies along with the petiole.

Prevention

Maintain the recommended distances between strawberry bushes. Immediately remove excess mustache and weeds, maintaining the necessary air exchange.
As early as possible in the spring, remove and destroy not only old leaves, but also old mulch, in which overwintering pests and pathogens are concentrated.
Three times a season before flowering, immediately after harvesting and before sheltering for the winter, treat the plantings with a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture.
Do not plant strawberries in areas where the last crop grown was potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants, corn or cucumbers.

Treatment

Bushes with spotted leaves are removed from the site and destroyed. After harvesting, the plantings are fed with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, which increase the immunity of the plants. Nitrogen fertilizers and organic matter must be applied in limited quantities. Healthy bushes are sprayed with systemic fungicides and copper-containing preparations.

Strawberry varieties resistant to white spot:

Redgauntlit;
Zenga Zengana;
Talka;
Ruby Pendant;
Maria;
Marvelous;
Generous;
VIR Beam;
Early Macherauha;
Early Dense;
Olympus;
Anniversary;
Bravo;
Bohemia.

Another common and very insidious disease. In humid, warm weather, up to 60% of the leaf blade can be affected. The appearance of brown spot can be seen on bushes from the end of April to the end of July. The outbreak of the disease is facilitated by the presence of weeds, increased air and soil humidity, and the activity of insect pests.

You can find out that strawberry plantings are infected with brown spot by the appearance of brown spots. At the very beginning of the disease, the darkening is located along the edge of the leaf, later the spots merge into one. Soon, black pads with spores appear on the outer surface of the leaf blade. Blurry purple spots appear on the peduncles and tendrils.

The insidiousness of the disease manifests itself at later stages of development. At this time, when the leaves resume their growth, it is difficult to understand the reason for the lag in the growth of the bushes. The cause is found to be a lack of nutrition, there are no signs of the disease on the leaves and it seems that the disease is over. But it only seems so. In August, the disease returns with renewed vigor and affects previously healthy parts of the plant.

Prevention

Removing old and diseased leaves early in the spring and, if necessary, after harvest.
Keep the soil on the plantation moderately moist; it is permissible to use dry mulching materials, such as peat, sawdust or straw, to isolate the bushes from the wet soil.
Timely destroy pests and carriers of infection.

Treatment

Plantation treatment should begin with the removal and destruction of all bushes with signs of disease. The remaining bushes are treated with quickly disintegrating fungicides. Phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are applied to increase disease resistance. If necessary, reduce watering and improve lighting if possible. Reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizers, which increase leaf mass and moisture content in leaves. After harvesting, the entire plantation must be treated with Fitosporin.

Strawberry varieties resistant to brown spot:

Lun VIRA,
Early Dense,
Olympus,
Bravo,
Maria,
Ruby Pendant,
Fireworks,
Fairfax,
Cardinal,
Premier,
Redcoat,
Epic,
Marieva Maheraukh,
Anniversary Govorova

Anthracnose or black spot

Reason Strawberry black spot is an ascomycete fungus. It affects the entire plant from roots to berries.

The fungus begins its dirty work in rainy but warm weather in spring and early summer. A distinctive feature of this fungus is its great variability and adaptability to chemical means of protection.

The fungus enters the site on infected seedlings, with irrigation water, or is carried by untreated tools or on the wheels of equipment.

Description

The appearance of the disease is indicated by the appearance of reddish-brown spots, which subsequently crack and tear. The diseased leaf remains on the bush and spreads the infection further. The shoots are covered with deep dark ulcers with a light center. Subsequently, the stem dies. On the roots, anthracnose provokes the appearance of root rot. The strawberry bush is drying up. Unripe berries have dark depressed spots. The berry dries up. The fungus overwinters on such mummies. On ripe berries, the spots are small and watery at first and then darken. Such berries are not used for food.

Prevention

From the beginning of the season until the berries form, they are treated twice with a 3% Bordeaux mixture, to which sulfur has been added, or with ready-made preparations such as Tiovit-jet. Plant strawberry seedlings at the recommended distances between neighboring bushes. Apply phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and limited nitrogen fertilizers in a timely manner. Early in the spring, remove and burn last year's dead leaves and fruits.

Treatment of anthracnose

If the disease spreads on the plantings for no more than a week, fungicides such as Ridomil-gold, Metaxil or Quadris can help. At later stages of the disease, use 1% Bordeaux mixture

Late blight rot of strawberries

The most harmful rot. Losses from its activities can reach complete loss of crops.

The whole plant suffers from the disease, but the berries suffer the most. Dark leathery spots first appear on the ovaries. The pulp begins to taste bitter and becomes elastic. Dark purple spots appear on the berries, and the fruits dry out.

The infected stem and leaves dry out.

The development of the disease is provoked by increased soil and air humidity. The infection spreads especially actively during rainy weather or when drip irrigation is used incorrectly.

The infection remains in the soil and on the strawberry bushes. For preventive purposes, generally accepted protective measures - agrotechnical and chemical - are effective.

Effective plant protection

After harvesting, remove diseased plants, excess tendrils and foliage.
Feed the plantings in a timely manner and in the right proportions.
Before covering the plantings for the winter, they are treated with Topaz, Switch, and Euparen.
Use varieties that are genetically resistant to diseases for planting.
Different varieties of strawberries are separated by a distance of 2 m.
The period of growing strawberries in one place is no more than 3 years;
When planting, it is necessary to maintain the required distances: at least 30 cm between rows and at least 25 cm between plants in a row. This planting will provide the necessary ventilation and lighting.

Video about the treatment and prevention of strawberries from diseases

I am sure that now you can easily recognize strawberry diseases from photos and descriptions and will be able to cure them.

Wishing you beautiful and healthy berries.

There are plenty of them and each has varying degrees of disease resistance. In addition, one species may be resistant to powdery mildew, but at the same time be completely defenseless against gray mold, while another variety will have completely opposite qualities. Therefore, every gardener should know how to recognize and prevent the development of a particular disease. Strawberry diseases and their treatment - the next article will be devoted to this topic.

The earlier the disease is detected, the greater the chance of protecting healthy plants from it.

The list of strawberry diseases begins with rot: gray, black, white and root rot. How do these diseases manifest themselves, and is there a remedy that will help cure an infected plant?

Gray rot

The most common disease of strawberries is gray rot. It can be determined by the following characteristics:

small brown spots covered with a gray coating appear on the fruits;
fruits affected by the disease become mummified over time;
the leaves are covered with gray or brown spots.

The main provoking factor for the occurrence of this disease is warm, humid weather, in which the extent of the damage can be quite serious - about 60% of the berries. If the plantings are dense, the area is poorly ventilated and strawberries are grown in one place for several years, this will only aggravate the situation and contribute to further intensive development of the disease.

Important! Remember, there can be several foci of infection - these are weeds, old leaves and diseased berries that you did not have time to notice!

Prevention

Using ash or lime.
Before flowering, it is advisable to use the drug “Barrier” or a 3% solution of Bordeaux mixture.
Before the bush becomes covered with leaves, it is recommended to treat it with nitrafen.
It is advisable to place strawberry beds among onion and garlic plantings.
The crop should be grown in high beds and in a new area every year.
It is necessary to mulch strawberries with pine needles or straw.

Treatment

If affected berries are found, they must be removed and destroyed. And in order to prevent further spread of gray rot to healthy plants, you should not delay harvesting.

Varieties

Quite rarely, gray rot affects those varieties of strawberries whose leaves are located below the inflorescences. These include:

Leningradskaya Pozdnaya;
Aliso;
Marvelous;
Ruby Pendant;
Redgauntlit;
Early Dense;
Talka;
VIR Beam;
Olympus;
Festival Chamomile;
Ducat;
Bravo;
Fireworks;
Bohemia.

The following varieties are highly susceptible to gray rot:

Hope;
Beauty of Zagorje;
Generous;
Krasnoselskaya;
Cinderella;
Zenga Zengana;
Relay race.

Root rot

This disease affects the root system of the plant and manifests itself as follows:

young roots begin to turn black, and at first only small areas of them are affected;
over time, the lower part of the root, including the rosette, becomes brown;
the rhizome becomes fragile, dry constrictions can be seen on it;
there is a decrease in bush yield;
side shoots no longer form.

Prevention

For fertilizing, do not use unrotted compost made from weeds.
In spring, spraying with Trichodermin is effective.
In autumn, bushes should be treated with Phytodoctor.
Do not plant strawberries after potatoes.
The bed should be located in an open area with good soil heating.
If the site is located near a forest or shelterbelt, it must be dug in with ditches.

Treatment

Root rot cannot be treated. Infected plants must be dug up and destroyed.

Black rot

Black rot affects only fruits, and its occurrence can be determined by the following signs:

the berry becomes watery;
strawberries lose their juicy color and become brown;
the characteristic taste and aroma disappears;
A colorless coating appears on the fruits, which becomes dark a little later.

Prevention

The crop must be grown in high beds.
The area should be sunny and well ventilated.
For feeding, it is advisable to use manganese - 2 g per 10 liters of water.
Do not apply too much nitrogen and organic fertilizers.

Treatment

If affected berries are found, they should be immediately removed and buried outside the garden plot. This technique will help prevent the spread of the disease.

White rot

If the summer turns out to be damp and cool, then you can expect the development of a disease such as white rot. Its signs are:

light leaves that gradually dry out and rot in dry weather;
a whitish coating appears on the surface of the leaf blade;
the berries begin to rot.

Prevention

Using proven healthy seedlings.
Timely weed control.

Treatment

When fighting white rot, anti-rot preparations such as “Switch” and “Horus” show good effectiveness.

Powdery mildew

This fungal disease affects the entire above-ground part of the plant. You can recognize it by the following signs:

a white, barely visible coating spreads on the lower surface of the leaves, which is localized in individual spots;
after some time, these spots begin to merge;
the leaf blade becomes wrinkled and thickens;
the growth of the ovaries stops, they acquire a brown tint and dry out;
a fluffy white coating is observed on the fruits, they acquire a bluish color and rot;
The whiskers become covered with brown spots and in some places the tissue on them dies.

Prevention

Thin out plants.
Do not allow the soil to become waterlogged.
Before planting, disinfect seedlings in a solution of copper sulfate.
Before flowering and after harvesting, use the drug “Topaz”.
Carry out foliar feeding using complete mineral fertilizers, which are diluted at the rate of 30 g of the drug per 10 liters of water.

Treatment

A strawberry disease like powdery mildew is quite serious, so the fight against it must be thorough. Treatment of affected bushes begins in the spring: old leaves are collected and burned outside the site. During the growing season, the crop is sprayed with soda ash, 50 g of which is diluted in 10 liters of water. Ash lye can also be used for treatment. The spraying procedure is carried out before flowering and after harvesting.

Fusarium wilt

The following signs will indicate the occurrence of this disease:

the above-ground green part begins to change color and gradually becomes brown;
ovaries do not form on the infected bush;
plant growth stops and the bush gradually dies.

Prevention

Using healthy seedlings.
Correct crop rotation.
Timely weed control.

Treatment

If the disease was detected very quickly literally at the initial stage of development, then in this case it is recommended to use drugs such as “Phytodoctor” and “Trichodermin”. With more active development of the disease, “Chorus” and “Fundazol” are highly effective.

White spot

This disease develops throughout the growing season. As a result, you can lose about 30% of the berries, and in case of serious damage, even 100%. White spotting can be identified by the following signs:

light spots appear on the leaves, which will be surrounded by a dark rim;
spots are localized along the edge of the leaf blade, along the central vein;
at the very beginning of the development of the disease, these spots are small in size - up to 3 mm and colored brown; over time they become lighter;
these foci of sporulation fall out and as a result small holes appear;
if the disease progresses, these holes will merge into one large spot, and the leaf blade along with the petiole will soon die.

Prevention

Timely trimming of mustaches.
Cleaning up old leaves.
During the growing season, it is advisable to spray the bushes three times with a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture.
Do not plant strawberries after potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants, corn and cucumbers.
Avoid crowding of plantings.

Treatment

If signs of damage are detected, diseased bushes must be immediately cut out and destroyed. After harvesting, be sure to apply fertilizing that will increase the resistance of strawberries to this disease - potassium, phosphate fertilizers and a good phosphate complex. Do not use organic matter or nitrogen fertilizers. The healthy bushes remaining after culling must be treated with copper preparations and systemic fungicides that will not participate in sap flow.

Varieties

Strawberry varieties that are resistant to white spot include:

Redgauntlit;
Zenga Zengana;
Talka;
Ruby Pendant;
Maria;
Marvelous;
Generous;
VIR Beam;
Early Macherauha;
Early Dense;
Olympus;
Anniversary;
Bravo;
Bohemia.

Brown spot

A fairly common disease that can affect about 60% of the leaf surface. It appears as follows:

brown spots appear on the leaf blade;
after some time, you can notice the appearance of black pads with spores on the upper part of the leaf;
peduncles and tendrils are covered with purple spots with blurred contours;
On a note! At the initial stage of the disease, opalines are located along the edge of the leaf blade. After some time, the spots merge.
the disease attacks strawberries starting from the third ten days of April and ending with the third ten days of July;

at a late stage, it is quite difficult to determine the problem, since during this period the plant comes to life: the leaves begin to grow rapidly, and dwarfism of the bush is often mistaken for the consequences of insufficient nutrition. In addition, the mycelium pads disappear. As a result, the illusion of recovery is created, but already in mid-August the disease begins to progress with renewed vigor and spreads to previously healthy green parts.

Prevention

Timely pruning of bushes.
Do not allow the soil to become waterlogged.
Carrying out pest control.

Treatment

First, you need to destroy all diseased bushes, after which you can begin sanitary cleaning and applying the necessary fertilizing. It is very important to eliminate dampness in the area, monitor the lighting and use additional fertilizing in the form of potassium phosphate fertilizers. The crop must be treated with biofungicides, which are characterized by a rapid decay period. You should not use nitrogen fertilizers, which only lead to an increase in leaf mass and soft watery tissue.

Important! In this case, after fruit set, you cannot use products that have a waiting period of 50-14 days. After fruiting, it is recommended to use drugs such as Fitosporin.

Effective plant protection

Proper treatment of strawberries in the fall against pests and diseases is the key to an excellent harvest and preservation of the crop. Preventive measures will be as follows:

after harvesting, it is necessary to remove excess tendrils and leaf mass;
apply fertilizing and fertilizers according to the lists published above;
in autumn, the soil around the bushes should be treated with preparations such as “Topaz”, “Switch”, “Euparen”;
initially use planting material that is highly genetically resistant to diseases;
seedlings must be purchased only pure grade;
if you plan to plant several varieties of strawberries on the site, then the distance between them should be at least 2 m;
Strawberries cannot be cultivated in one place for more than 2 years;
remember the optimal density of plants - the width of the row should not be more than 30 cm. This will guarantee a constant flow of fresh air and good lighting;
in the fall it is necessary to clear the area of fallen leaves, especially if there are fruit trees nearby.