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Presentation on the topic of the aster family. Presentation for the lesson "Family Asteraceae" presentation for a biology lesson (6th grade) on the topic. The flowers have a double perianth

Compositae. Compositae (Asteraceae), family of dicotyledonous plants; herbs, subshrubs and subshrubs (in temperate zones), shrubs and trees (in the tropics). OK. 25 thousand species (over 1000 genera), throughout the globe. Among the Asteraceae are oilseeds (sunflower), vegetables (lettuce), medicinal (chamomile, tansy, calendula), ornamental (aster, chrysanthemum), fodder (jerusalem artichoke), weeds (sow thistle, cornflower, burdock).

Salad. SALAD, an annual vegetable plant of the Asteraceae family. Found in the wild in Western Europe. and Yuzh. Europe, North Africa, Siberia, Wed. Asia, Transcaucasia. In culture - in all agricultural regions of the world. Productivity reaches 300-500 centners per hectare. The salad is rich in vitamins C, B, PP, and carotene.

Medicinal. CHAMOMILE (true chamomile), a genus of annual herbs in the Asteraceae family. OK. 50 species, in Eurasia and Africa. Chamomile is a medicinal plant (diaphoretic, antiseptic and astringent). Chamomile is also called the types of pyrethrum, navel, cornflower and other plants that are similar in appearance to chamomile.

Calendula. CALENDULA, a genus of herbs and subshrubs of the Asteraceae family. Over 20 species, mainly in the Mediterranean; grows on sea coasts, in bushes, on rocks. Calendula officinalis (marigold) is cultivated and used as a disinfectant and soothing agent, as well as a food coloring and ornamental plant.

Tansy. Tansy, a genus of perennial herbs in the Asteraceae family. Over 50 species in the Northern Hemisphere; common tansy, or wild rowan, a medicinal plant (choleretic, gastric), flowers and leaves are used as a spice; poisonous to cattle; insecticide.

Sagebrush. WORMWORM, a genus of herbs and subshrubs of the Asteraceae family. OK. 400 species, mainly in the Northern Hemisphere; grow almost everywhere, abundant in the steppes, semi-deserts and deserts of the North. Kazakhstan, Wed. Asia, as well as in Transcaucasia. Contains essential oils. Feed for sheep, goats, horses and camels; medicinal (especially wormwood - a rare species), spicy (tarragon); sand fixers, some weeds.

Aster. ASTRA, a genus of herbaceous, mainly perennial plants of the Asteraceae family. Over 250 species, in North and South America, Africa, Eurasia. In floriculture, aster is also called the annual callistephus chinensis from the same family. More than 4,000 varieties with flowers of various shapes and colors are used

Chrysanthemum. CHRYSANTHEMUM (Chrysanthemum), a genus of annual and perennial herbs and shrubs of the Asteraceae family. Up to 200 species, in Eurasia and Africa. Numerous varieties with inflorescences of various shapes and colors are used in ornamental gardening. Suitable for winter forcing.

Weeds. Cornflower (Centaurea), a genus of herbs in the Asteraceae family. Over 550 species, mainly in the temperate and subtropical zones of Eurasia, Africa and America. Blue cornflower is a weed, widespread in the Russian Federation, Belarus, Ukraine, Wed. Asia; medicinal (anti-fever, diuretic) and honey plant. Some types are decorative.

Dandelion. DANDELION, a genus of perennial herbaceous plants of the Asteraceae family. More than 1000 species, in cold and temperate zones, mainly in the mountainous regions of Eurasia. Dandelion officinalis is widespread (it grows along roads, near homes, and weeds lawns, gardens, orchards, etc.). A decoction of its roots stimulates appetite, is a choleretic and laxative; young leaves are used for salads, soups, seasonings, and roasted roots as a coffee substitute. Some types (kok-sagyz, etc.) contain rubber.

Presentation for a biology lesson in 6th grade "Family Asteraceae" according to the program V.V. Beekeeper. The presentation gives a general description of the family, its features, characteristics of wild and cultivated representatives of this family.

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Angiosperms Class dicotyledons Family Asteraceae Biology 6th grade Author - compiled by teacher of biology at the Alekseevskaya Secondary School, Grechukhina N.V.

General characteristics of the family The largest family among dicotyledons, including more than 20 thousand species distributed throughout the globe. There are about 3,500 wild species in Russia. Basically, these are perennial and annual herbaceous plants, less often - subshrubs, shrubs and small trees. Among the Asteraceae there are many economically important plants: food (lettuce), oil-bearing (sunflower), spicy (tarragon), medicinal (maral root, marsh grass), insecticidal (pyrethrum), ornamental (asters, dahlias), rubber-bearing (kok-sagyz, guayule). malicious weeds (sow thistle, thistle, cornflower, etc.).

Characteristics of the family Root – taproot Stem – erect Venation – reticulate Leaf arrangement – alternate. Types of flowers - tubular, funnel-shaped, reed Inflorescence - basket Fruit - achene Life expectancy - annual, perennial Meaning - honey plants, food, oilseeds, medicinal, weeds, ornamental. Sunflower (fruit – achene)

Five types of flowers: 1. Tubular - with a long tube, usually widening upward, and with a short five-toothed limb formed by the free tips of the petals; flowers are bisexual, less often unisexual. 2. Funnel-shaped - asexual, with a long, curved, strongly expanded corolla tube, with a greater number of teeth than in tubular flowers due to partial splitting of the free ends of the petals. 3. Reed - bisexual, with a short tube and a lamellar five-toothed bend. 4. Bilabial - bisexual or unisexual, with a rather long tube from which extend an upper lip consisting of two free teeth and a lower lip in the form of a tongue with three teeth at the top. 5. False-lingulates (apparently arising from two-lipped flowers due to shortening of the tube and reduction of the upper lip) - usually pistillate, sometimes with staminodes, less often asexual.

Reed (dandelion, chicory) Fig 3. Dandelion Tubular (thistle, internal flowers of cornflower) Fig 5. Thistle Funnel-shaped, without stamens and pistils (external flowers of cornflower) Fig 4. Cornflower

Diversity of plants of the Aster salignus Willd family A perennial bare plant with a height of 60 to 150 cm, with a creeping rhizome. The stem is erect (1), paniculately branched in the upper part (2). Leaves lanceolate (3) Inflorescence - baskets about 15 mm in diameter. Grows on moist, humus soils, in bushes along the banks of rivers and reservoirs, among fields. Flowering in July-October. The fruit is an achene.

SUNFLOWER - HELIANTHUS ANNUS An annual herbaceous oil plant. The root is taproot, penetrates up to 2-4 m into the soil, the inflorescence is a basket that looks like a flat or convex, less often concave, disk. The flowers at the edges are ligulate, asexual, the rest of the inflorescence is tubular bisexual (600-1200). The color of the petals ranges from light yellow to dark orange. Cross pollination. Sunflower is a good honey plant. The fruit is an achene, the color of the fruit shell is light, light and dark gray, charcoal-black, brown, striped. Spreading. Russia is rightfully considered the second homeland of sunflower. Use. Sunflower oil is classified as semi-drying. It is widely used for food, in the production of margarine, in soap making, paint and varnish and other light industries. The oil contains biologically active linoleic acid, phosphatides and vitamins A, D, E, K. Origin. In the homeland of the sunflower, in the south of North America, this plant was called the “sun flower” and was considered sacred. The first achenes were brought to Europe by the Spaniards in 1510. In 1829, D. E. Bokarev, a serf peasant of Count Sheremetev from the village of Alekseevka, Voronezh province, discovered a new property of the “sunny flower”. Using a primitive hand press, he extracted golden, delicious oil from sunflower seeds.

Common thistle - Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. Biennial plant with a height of 50 to 180 cm. Stem cobwebby-woolly Leaves pinnately dissected (2) Inflorescences - large, single baskets Flowers red-violet or pinkish. Flowering in July-September. Distributed in Europe and Western Siberia. A light-loving plant, it usually grows on soils rich in nitrogenous substances, therefore it is found mainly in weedy plant communities or on intensively used pastures.

Field thistle, or Pink thistle - Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. s. l. A perennial plant with a height of 30 to 150 cm, with a creeping rhizome. The stem is wingless, branched, bare below (1), Leaves are entire, oblong Inflorescences are dioecious baskets Flowers are red or purple Blooms from late June to mid-September. Achene with a soft pappus, 30 mm long. It grows in a wide variety of plant communities - in fields, vegetable gardens, wastelands, garbage areas, along the banks of reservoirs, on forest edges, along the sides of roads and fields. It is indifferent to soil moisture, more demanding on the humus content in it. Weed plant. Distributed in Europe and Asia.

Meadow cornflower - Centaurea jacea L. Perennial plant 30-100 cm high, all rough or cobwebby. The stems are rigid, erect, the flowers are funnel-shaped, the marginal ones are larger, lilac-purple (3). Blooms from late June to September. Grows in meadows, bushes, clearings. Undemanding to soils.

Blue cornflower, or sowing cornflower - Centaurea cyanus L. An annual or biennial plant, 10 to 60 cm high, with a creeping rhizome, grayish due to tomentose pubescence. The stem is erect, weakly branched, winged. The leaves are soft, grayish-tomentose on both sides (1), the inflorescences are baskets. The marginal flowers are funnel-shaped, large, bright blue (3), the inner (middle) ones are purple (4). Blooms from May to July. The fruit is a pubescent achene. It grows on dry, mineral-rich soils: in winter crops and in fallow fields. Distributed throughout Europe.

Autumn kulbaba - Leontodon autumnalis L. Perennial herbaceous plant 10-50 cm high, bare or with sparse simple hairs, with a short rhizome. Stems are forked-branched (1), Baskets are multi-flowered. All flowers in the basket are ligulate (5), bisexual, yellow in color. It blooms from June to October, the peak of flowering occurs in autumn, which is reflected in the specific name Fruits - cylindrical achenes with tufts. The fruits ripen in July-October. It grows in meadows, clearings, wastelands, fallow lands, near roads, in villages, and in various weedy places. In Central Russia it is distributed in all regions.

Spider burdock - Arctium tomentosum Mill. Biennial plant with a height of 80 to 200 cm. The stem is erect, deeply furrowed. The flowers are tubular, bisexual, red-violet (5). Blooms from early July to mid-September. It grows mainly in thickets of bushes bordering lowland and meadow forests, or in weedy places, in populated areas, ravines, along the banks of reservoirs, on boundaries, landfills and along roadsides. Distributed in Europe and Western Asia, currently cosmopolitan

Common coltsfoot - Tussilago farfara L. Perennial plant 7-20 cm high with scaly, creeping, branching rhizome Flowering stem erect, unbranched Leaves grow after flowering and form a leaf rosette Baskets are single Flowers are golden-yellow in color; marginal reeds (6), darker tubular in the center (7). Blooms from April to May. The fruit is an achene with a white shiny tuft (8). Grows in moist, fresh soils: along the banks of streams, in ditches, on embankments, slopes and screes, as well as in weedy places. Widespread in Europe and Asia.

Common cornflower, or Popovnik, or Chamomile - Leucanthemum vulgare Perennial herbaceous plant with a height of 30 to 60 cm with a short, relatively thick rhizome. Stem simple, occasionally branched, erect Basal leaves with long petioles Baskets with a diameter of 40 to 60 mm Blooms from June to mid-September. Grows in various types of meadows, clearings, and bushes. Reed flowers are white, tubular yellow (4), sometimes there are no reed flowers.

Dandelion - Taraxacum officinale Wigg. s. l. A perennial plant 5-20 cm high, with milky sap, and a thick fleshy root. The stem is erect, fragile, hollow. The leaves form a basal rosette (1), the baskets are single (3), the flowers are golden yellow, all ligulate (5). Blooms from April to July. The fruit is a short-pointed achene with a spout that is 2-3 times longer than itself. Grows in light, fresh or moderately dry soils: meadows, grassy slopes, borders and fallows, roadsides and weedy places. Distributed in Europe and Asia from the Mediterranean to the Arctic climate zone. The scientific name of the plant is derived from the Greek words “taraxis” - inflammation of the eyes and “akeomai” - to treat, since the milky juice of dandelion was used for similar diseases. In the spring, young leaves are collected, and in the fall, dandelion roots are collected. Dandelion contains primarily inulin (a very important caloric substance for diabetics), saponin, many minerals, vitamins, phytoncides, etc. Medicinal raw materials, has a bile and diuretic effect, affects the secretion of saliva, gastric juice and, together with other substances, has impact on metabolism. Dandelion in some countries (France, Italy, Germany) is a common type of spring greenery from which salads are prepared.

Field thistle, or yellow - Sonchus arvensis L. Perennial plant 50-150 cm high with a branched creeping rhizome. The stem is erect or ascending. The leaves are oblong or lanceolate. The baskets are collected in an apical paniculate inflorescence. The flowers are ligulate (6), golden-yellow with dark yellow columns. Blooms from July to September. The fruit is a dark brown achene. Grows on moist, clayey and silty, often saline soils: in coastal thickets, ditches, fields, boundaries and fallows.

Tansy - Tanacetum vulgare L. Perennial plant 60-120 cm high, with a short branching rhizome, Stem erect, strong, faceted Leaves alternate, ovate-oblong Flowers small, bisexual, regular, only tubular (4), golden yellow. Blooms from June to September. The fruit is an obovate achene. Grows on wet and dry sandy-clayey and gravelly soils, on river terraces, in coastal bushes, ditches, on embankments and along roads, as well as in weedy places. Distributed in Europe and Asia. Medicinal plant.

Common yarrow - Achillea millefolium L. Perennial herbaceous plant from 10 to 80 cm in height with a long underground rhizome The stem, as well as the pinnate (1) alternate leaves, are almost bare Reed flowers are often white, pinkish and reddish are quite common Blooms from June to end of September. The fruit is an achene. Undemanding to soils. The plant is light-loving. Common yarrow is often found on forest edges, but rarely blooms there. On embankments and waste heaps it appears among the first plants to settle there. The plant has medicinal properties, mainly due to the high content of bitterness and trace elements, similar to those found in chamomile flowers. Young leaves and flowers are usually collected. In folk medicine, it is still used today for gastrointestinal diseases, as well as to enhance the secretion of bile. Yarrow has long been known as a hemostatic agent.

Common chicory - Cichorium intybus L. A perennial plant with a height of 20 to 150 cm, with a milky sap, and a thick rhizome. The stem is erect, rounded or ribbed. The stem leaves are oblong or lanceolate (2), baskets are located in the axils of the leaves (3) or branches. All flowers are ligulate, light blue, occasionally white or pink, with marginal ligules. Blooms from June to August. The fruit is an achene with a short bristly tuft. Grows on moist or moderately dry soils - in meadows, forest edges, borders, near roads, on screes and wastelands. Distributed throughout Europe and Asia. Medicinal plant. The rhizome is used as an additive to coffee, the young leaves are used as a salad.

summary of other presentations

“Plants of the Solanaceae family” - Get acquainted with the diversity of plants. Henbane black. Physalis. Petunia. Salt me a little. Puzzles. Berry or dehiscent capsule. Datura common. Mandrake. Family Solanaceae. Nightshade is bittersweet. Systematic position of hybrid petunia. Slob. Black nightshade. Flower with a tube. False pepper nightshade. A curiosity. European potatoes. Belladonna. Belladonna belladonna. Potato.

“Sunflower” - To the class of monocotyledonous plants. Class - dicotyledonous. Root. Sunflower moth. 150 – 180 days. Drying seeds. For the structure of the corolla of a flower. Leaves. Check yourself. Sunflower oil extraction. The flowers are collected in an inflorescence - a basket. Like animal feed. Treatment of influenza, respiratory diseases. Family - Asteraceae. Grown for livestock feed. Used for human consumption. 40 -70 days. Treatment of joint diseases -.

“Umbrella plants” are a European-Mediterranean, predominantly steppe species. Conventions. Forest kupir – Anthriscus sylvestris. Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.). Euro-Siberian forest-meadow, a common species for our flora. Angelica sylvestris – Angelica sylvestris. Heteromorpha arborescens. Biennial. Biennial or annual. Application. Annual. Cultivated plant; homeland - Mediterranean.

"Cruciferous" - Gulavnik officinalis. Class Dicotyledons. Garden horseradish. Field jar. Wild plants. Brussels. Cultivated plants. Shepherd's purse. Kohlrabi. Family Cruciferous. Ikotnik is gray-green. Radish. Black radish. Colored.

"Rosaceae" - Flower formula. Alenka in a red shirt grows in the grass. Jam is sunny. Red as blood. Blue uniform. Plants of the Rosaceae family. Department Angiosperms. In the summer I am glad to have fresh bearberries. I am called the Queen of Flowers. Round, ruddy, it fell from a tree and landed on our table. Kingdom of Plants. Feature numbers. Description of the common apple tree. Haymaking. The berry tastes good. Write down the plant numbers.

"Asteraceae" - Dahlias. Zinnia. Doronicum. Cineraria. Sunflower. Helenium autumn. Aster novobelgica. Nivyanyk. Poetry page. Compositae in the garden. Family Asteraceae. Daisy. Dahlia. Variety of species. Echinacea. Chrysanthemum. Holiday emblem. Aster. Chamomile. Marigold. Mountain cornflower. Biological description. Antemis.

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Compositae. Asteraceae (Asteraceae), family of dicotyledonous plants; herbs, subshrubs and subshrubs (in temperate zones), shrubs and trees (in the tropics). OK. 25 thousand species (over 1000 genera), throughout the globe. Among the Asteraceae are oilseeds (sunflower), vegetables (lettuce), medicinal (chamomile, tansy, calendula), ornamental (aster, chrysanthemum), fodder (jerusalem artichoke), weeds (sow thistle, cornflower, burdock).

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Flower formula. The inflorescences are called a basket. Tubular and reed Formula: L (5), T (5), P (1). Funnel-shaped and false reed Formula: L(3), T(5), P(1).

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Food. SUNFLOWER, a genus of annual and perennial herbs and subshrubs of the Asteraceae family. OK. 50 types. Homeland - North. America. Introduced into cultivation in Russia in 1829. Oil sunflower (seeds contain up to 57% sunflower oil), earthen pear, and some ornamental species are grown. Honey plant. The average yield is 12-20 centners per hectare.

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A series. SURGE, a genus of annual or perennial herbs of the Asteraceae family. Over 200 species, everywhere (mainly in America); There are several types in Russia. Tripartite string is a medicinal plant.

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Coltsfoot. Coltsfoot, a genus of perennial herbs of the Asteraceae family. 1 species, in the temperate zone of Eurasia, in the North. Africa, North America. Early honey plant. The leaves are used medicinally (as an expectorant).

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Decorative. DAHLIA (dahlia), a genus of perennial herbaceous plants of the Asteraceae family. 15-20 species, in Mexico and Guatemala. Over 8000 (mostly hybrid) varieties are used in floriculture.

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Aster. ASTRA, a genus of herbaceous, predominantly perennial plants of the Asteraceae family. Over 250 species, in North and South America, Africa, Eurasia. In floriculture, aster is also called the annual callistephus chinensis from the same family. More than 4,000 varieties with flowers of various shapes and colors are used

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Daisies. DASY, a genus of mainly perennial herbs of the Asteraceae family. 10-15 species, in Europe and M. Asia. The perennial daisy is used in floriculture (usually a biennial).

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(Asteraceae).

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The most important

Asteraceae or Compositae are one of the largest families of dicotyledonous plants; includes about 25 thousand species distributed throughout the globe.
Flowers are complex. Inflorescence basket. The corolla is tubular or reed. There are five stamens.
The inflorescence size is small, up to several centimeters in diameter; and only in some species it reaches a diameter of 10-15 cm, and in cultivated sunflower, which has the largest inflorescence in the family, it can reach up to 60 cm. At the same time, in some types of wormwood, the height and width of the inflorescence does not exceed 2-4 mm .

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Several members of the family...

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Marigold

Marigolds are a genus of annual and perennial plants from the Asteraceae family. Their homeland is the tropical regions of Central America. The stems are erect, branched, form a compact or spreading bush with a height of 20 to 120 cm. The root system is fibrous. Leaves are pinnately dissected. Basket inflorescences.

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The “velvet” name of this flower is associated with its beautiful double inflorescences. Marigolds have a characteristic smell. This is due to the presence of essential oil in the plant. The flowers have a variety of colors from yellow to shades of brown. In China, marigolds are a symbol of longevity, which is why they are called “flowers of ten thousand years.” In Hinduism, this flower was personified with the god Krishna. In the language of flowers, marigolds mean fidelity.

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Marigold or calendula

An annual erect plant 20-75 cm tall. Tap root. The shoots are thick. The leaves are simple. Reed flowers are yellow or orange, shiny on top, matte on the underside; tubular - small, yellow, orange or dark brown. Inflorescences are baskets with a diameter of 5-6 cm. Fruits are achenes of different shapes and sizes.

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The legend of the marigold...

A long time ago, during the reign of King Pea, a boy was born into a poor family. They called him Zamorysh because he was weak and sickly. Zamorysh grew up and set off on a journey to gain some sense. People had already forgotten about him, but one day a rumor spread: a man had appeared who was treating the sick. And Zamorysh became famous for treating people not with spells, not with divination, but with healing drinks. Grandma Abracadabra heard about this and decided to poison the doctor. Out of jealousy, the evil sorceress Abracadabra, inviting a doctor to visit her, brought him a cup of poisoned wine. Zamorysh did not know about this and drank wine. When Zamory felt that he was dying, he called people and bequeathed to them to bury the marigold from his left hand under the window of Abracadabra’s grandmother after his death. People complied with his request. And in that place a golden flower grew, which was called a marigold. The marigold flower cures many, many diseases, for which people always remember Zamorish.

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Marigold or calendula

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Daisy

Representatives of the genus are small herbaceous plants with a short rhizome and spatulate, blunt, crenate basal leaves; ground stem leafless, developing one head. The leaves of the spathe are oblong, blunt, blackish, collected in two rows. On a bare, conical receptacle, marginal female reed flowers, white or pink, and median tubular, bisexual, yellow flowers develop; achene flattened, without tuft.

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In one of the legends about the appearance of daisies on earth, they say that a rich old man fell in love with a very beautiful girl. He followed her everywhere and gave rich gifts to her parents. But the girl ran away, hid from him and, finally, having lost all hope of salvation, asked for protection from the earth, and the earth turned her into a daisy, blooming almost all year round.
For many peoples, the daisy is an emblem of kindness and cordiality. In England it enjoys universal love and is sung in many folk songs.