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Working program for scratch. Description of the circle "Programming in the Scratch environment"

Municipal state educational institution

"Novousmanskaya secondary school No. 3" Novousmansky municipal district Voronezh region

WORKING PROGRAMM

basic general education

on the basics of programming

for students of grade 6 b

for 2015 - 2016 academic year

Teacher: Belomyltseva E.A.

Explanatory note

The work program of the intra-subject educational module "Fundamentals of Programming" is compiled on the basis of the Federal State Educational Standard for General Education - M .: Education, 2012.

Study objectives intra-subject educational module of informatics in the 6th grade:

acquaintance of schoolchildren by example programming language (and environment) Scratch with programming elements;

the formation of students' basic ideas about programming languages, the algorithm, the performer, how to write the algorithm;

the formation of the scientific worldview of schoolchildren, the development of thinking through the study of programming and algorithmization;

education of responsible and selective attitude to information; development of cognitive, intellectual and creative abilities of students.

Learning objectives:

to promote the formation of information and functional competence among schoolchildren, the development of algorithmic thinking;

to give students an idea of the modern approach to the study of the real world, the widespread use of algorithms and computer technology in scientific research;

to form in students the ability to use a computer as a means of solving practical problems;

create conditions for the introduction of new information technologies in the educational process of the school;

realize the growing interest of students in the in-depth study of programming through the improvement of their algorithmic and logical thinking;

to form the skills and abilities of independent use of a computer as a means for solving practical problems.

The implementation of these tasks will contribute to the further formation of the schoolchildren's view of the world, the disclosure of the role of informatics in the formation of a natural-science picture of the world, the development of thinking, including the formation of an algorithmic style of thinking, preparing students for life in the information society.

The main forms of organization of training sessions are: cognitive lessons, mini-projects, combined lessons, conversation, computer workshops, task according to the model (using instructions).

Summing up forms implementation of the program of the educational module: educational and research conference, defense of projects.

general characteristics educational module

The program of the intra-subject educational module "Fundamentals of Programming" is based on the fundamental core of the content of general education (section "Mathematics and Informatics") and sets a list of questions that are subject to compulsory study in primary school.

The Scratch programming environment is a visual object-oriented programming environment for teaching elementary and middle school students. The teacher and students create projects based on Scratch. The results of this activity are open for viewing, Internet technologies are also being mastered. Possible teamwork over Scratch projects.

The choice of the Scratch programming language is due to the following considerations:

The software environment should be easy to learn and understand even for a student younger age, but at the same time, it should give a fundamental opportunity to compose complex programs. This allows you to gradually direct the activity of the student in the direction of scientific and cognitive research, without spending energy on studying a new software environment each time.

The environment we need should allow us to engage in both programming and the creation of creative projects. This will involve the children in an in-depth study of the subject "Informatics" not only with abstract-logical, but also with predominantly visual-figurative thinking.

This software tool, around which an active, creative, multidirectional, positively minded Internet community has developed, will allow schoolchildren to use it as a space of ideas for their own projects, as an incentive for creation.

By Scratch resources we mean all its features as a programming language and system. First of all, these include: object orientation, support for event-oriented programming, parallel execution of scripts, user-friendly interface, a reasonable combination of abstraction and visibility, organization of program texts from elementary blocks, the availability of tools for interacting Scratch programs with the real world through additional devices, built-in object library, built-in graphics editor, active online user community.

The most significant capabilities of Scratch are aimed at studying the basics of algorithmization, modeling objects, processes and phenomena, organizing project activities, both individual and group, organizing scientific and cognitive activity, the establishment of interdisciplinary connections in the process of design and scientific and cognitive activities.

Thus, the pedagogical potential of the Scratch programming environment allows us to consider it as a promising way to organize the project scientific and cognitive activity of a student aimed at his personal and creative development.

The listed features of Scratch influence the development of such personal qualities of a student as responsibility and adaptability, communication, creativity and curiosity, critical and systemic thinking, the ability to work with information and multimedia tools, the ability to pose and solve problems aimed at self-development and responsibility.

The place of the educational module in the curriculum

The intra-subject educational module "Fundamentals of Programming" is implemented within the framework of the subject "Computer Science" at the expense of a part of the curriculum formed by the participants in the educational process.

The program contains a list of the amount of required theoretical knowledge in the subject, thematic planning, a list of teaching materials for the teacher and teaching materials for students, as well as a list of practical work. The module can be recommended for studying in grades 5–7 as an additional to the computer science program for grades 5–9 authors Bosova L.L. and Bosova A.Yu..

The program is given 1 hour per week (one lesson per week for 45 minutes), a total of 17 hours per year.

The program is focused on teaching materials: Project activity of a student in the Scratch programming environment / V. G. Ryndak, V. O. Dzhenzher, L. V. Denisova.

Personal, meta-subject and subject results of mastering the educational module Fundamentals of Programming

Personal results:

readiness and ability of students for self-development and realization of creative potential in spiritual and subject-productive activities through the development of their figurative, algorithmic and logical thinking;

readiness to improve their educational level and continue their education using the means and methods of informatics;

interest in computer science, the desire to use the acquired knowledge in the process of teaching other subjects and in life;

the ability to connect educational content with one's own life experience and personal meanings, to understand the importance of training in the field of a subject module in the context of the development of the information society;

readiness for independent actions and actions, taking responsibility for their results, for the implementation of individual and collective information activities;

the ability and willingness to accept the values of a healthy lifestyle through knowledge of the basic hygienic, ergonomic and technical conditions for the safe operation of ICT tools.

Metasubject results:

possession of the skills of organizing one's own learning activities, including goal-setting, as the setting of an educational task based on the correlation of what is already known and what needs to be established;

planning a sequence of intermediate goals, taking into account the final result, dividing the task into subtasks, developing a structure of actions necessary to achieve the goal using a fixed set of means;

forecasting - anticipation of the result;

control - interpretation of the result obtained, its correlation with the available data in order to establish compliance or non-compliance (error detection);

correction - making the necessary additions and adjustments to the action plan in case of an error;

assessment - students' awareness of how well they solved the educational and cognitive task;

possession of basic universal skills of an informational nature, statement and formulation of a problem;

search and selection of necessary information, application of information retrieval methods;

structuring and visualizing information, choosing the most effective ways to solve problems depending on specific conditions;

independent creation of activity algorithms in solving problems of a creative and exploratory nature;

possession of the basics of productive interaction and cooperation with peers and adults, the ability to correctly, clearly and unambiguously formulate an idea in a form understandable to the interlocutor;

the ability to carry out joint information activities in a team, in particular when implementing a project;

the ability to speak to an audience, presenting to it the results of their work using ICT tools;

the use of communication technologies in educational activities and Everyday life.

Subject Results:

Picture of

the functional structure of the Scratch software environment and the main structural elements of the user interface;

appointment and use of the main blocks of commands, states, programs;

possibilities and ways of debugging the written program;

performers and systems of their commands, the possibility of direct control of the performer;

the possibility of using the built-in raster editor, the availability and purpose of the main tools;

algorithm as a formal description of the sequence of actions of the performer, leading from the initial data to the final result;

using a schematic description of the algorithm;

writing programs for performers who create geometric shapes on the screen as they move;

types of cyclic algorithms and their application;

organization of program interactivity;

the possibility of interaction between performers among themselves, in different layers of the image;

using the project method for modeling objects and systems;

the possibility of describing real tasks by means of the software environment;

Students will be able to:

independently install the software environment on your home computer;

change some standard user interface settings (for example, information display language);

use various ways to debug programs, including step-by-step debugging;

confidently use the tools of the built-in graphics editor, including working with image fragments and creating gradients;

simplify programs through the use of cyclic commands and apply them;

create programs and games using interactive technologies;

Section 3. Algorithms and Executors

Section 4. Design activities and modeling of processes and systems

Thematic planning with the definition of the main types of educational activities

Section name

Qty

hour

Type of learning activity

We continue our acquaintance with the Scratch software environment

The main elements of the user interface of the Scratch software environment. Appearance of the working window. Block structure of information systematization. functional blocks. Blocks of commands, states, programs, startup, actions and executors. Setting the Russian language for Scratch.

Create and save a document. Concepts of sprite, scene, script. Screen cleaning.

The main character as a performer of programs. The system of commands of the performer (SKI). Block structure of the program. Direct control of the performer.

Character library. Scene and variety of scenes, based on the data library. Systematization of character and scene library data. Hierarchy in organizing the storage of character costumes and backgrounds for scenes. Costume import, background import.

Analytical activity:

allocate hardware and software of the computer;

determine technical devices for input and output of information;

understand the hierarchical organization of the software environment data library;

highlight the path to the elements of the library;

Practical activities:

select and launch the Scratch software environment;

work with the main elements of the user interface of the software environment;

resize and move the program window, select the required window mode;

enter the file name using the keyboard;

select the necessary file from the required folder of the program library;

create, copy, rename, move, copy and delete files;

comply with safety requirements when working in a computer class.

with ICT tools;

Consider finished projects in the Scratch environment.

Computer graphics

Computer graphics. Built-in raster graphics editor. The main tools of the graphic editor are a brush, an eraser, a fill (with color or a gradient), drawing lines, rectangles, squares, ellipses and circles, selecting a fragment of an image and flipping it horizontally or vertically, using the print tool to copy a selected area of an image, working with text . The scale of the image fragment. Color picker, setting foreground and background colors, picking a color from an image using the eyedropper tool. Changing the center of the suit. Suit resizing.

Key Change Opportunities appearance performer: 1) using the built-in data library by importing its element; 2) editing the selected element using the tools of the built-in raster graphics editor and importing them into the Scratch software environment.

Analytical activity:

select image fragments for further work with them;

plan work on creating complex images by copying and scaling simple ones;

choose the most suitable graphic editor tool for creating a fragment of an image;

to distinguish between the top and bottom colors of the image;

invent and create various gradients for filling a closed area;

plan to create symmetrical images.

Practical activities:

use the simplest raster and vector editors to create and edit images;

change the center of the image;

make changes to images from the built-in library;

create complex graphic objects by copying and modifying simple objects and their fragments,

use the possibilities of working with color.

Algorithms and Executors

Algorithm. Creation of flowcharts.

Linear Algorithms

The main features of the linear algorithm. Software control of the executor. Creation of programs for moving the performer across the screen field.

Creation of programs for drawing lines. Writing a program for the performer to leave a dotted line when moving across the screen field.

Writing programs for the movement of the performer along the sides of a square, rectangle. Making changes to the square drawing program, if you need to get a different side size of the square.

Program interruption.

Cyclic algorithms

Features of the use of the cycle in the program. Schematic notation of the cyclic algorithm.

Types of cyclic algorithms. The main constructions of the software environment used to write programs for executors using loops.

Writing and debugging programs using the loop-in-loop construction.

Endless cycle. Repeated change in the appearance of the performer to mimic the movement of the character. Using an infinite loop to create animation.

Getting a different effect of playing the program when changing the costume of the Scratch performer.

Analytical activity:

invent tasks for the executors of the software environment;

identify situations that can be described using a linear algorithm, an algorithm with branching, repetitions;

determine effective method problem solving;

find parallels in the actions performed and program them with the help of several executors;

plan the sequence of events for a given project.

Practical activities:

compose and debug program code;

use the design of the software environment to create linear, branched and cyclic algorithms;

organize parallel computing;

organize the sequence of program events, the transfer of control from one performer to another.

Design activities and modeling of processes and systems

multimedia project. Description of plot events. Animation. Creating an animation effect by sequentially changing images. simulation models. interactive projects. Games.

Analytical activity:

create an event plan to reflect a specific theme;

choose illustrative material from the built-in library;

choose an animation method for a specific task;

plan a sequence of events to create an animation effect according to the selected scenario.

Practical activities:

use the capabilities of the Scratch software environment to create multimedia projects;

create simulation models, interactive projects and games using the software environment.

Description of educational - methodical and material - technical support of educational activities

List of ICT tools required for the implementation of the program

Hardware

A personal computer is a universal information processing device; The basic configuration of a modern computer provides the student with multimedia capabilities.
Interactive whiteboard - increases the level of visibility in the work of the teacher and the student; qualitatively changes the method of conducting individual lessons.
Printer - allows you to record information on paper.
Scanner - for entering graphic information.
Telecommunication block, devices that provide connection to the network - ensures the operation of the local network, gives access to Russian and world information resources, allows you to conduct electronic correspondence.
Sound information output devices - audio speakers and headphones for individual work with sound information, loudspeakers for sounding the whole class.
Devices for manual input of textual information and manipulation of screen objects - keyboard and mouse.
Video camera USB 2.0 Logitech Webcam C 170 for the formation of communication skills in on-line mode.
Video camera - for visualization of project activities.
Camera.

Software

Operating system.

File manager.

Antivirus program.

Archiver program.

Text editor, raster and vector graphics editors.

Software environment Scratch 1.4.

List of educational and methodological support

Resources of the Unified Collection of Digital Educational Resources ( );

The main Scratch site containing a variety of examples;

A nationwide educational project with international participation, containing a Scratch training course;

Project activity of a student in the Scratch programming environment: a teaching aid / V. G. Ryndak, V. O. Dzhenzher, L. V. Denisova. - Orenburg: Orenb. state in-t. management, 2009. - 116 p.: ill.

BUDGET EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF THE OREL REGION

"MEZENSKY LYCEUM"

Considered

Head of MO

Ovsyannikova L.P.

_________________

"___" _________ 2015

Agreed

Deputy director for water resources management

Tsup S. N.

__________________

"___" ________ 2015

Approved

Director

Zhidova T. S.

__________________

"___" _________ 2015

PROGRAM OF EXTRA COURSE ACTIVITIES

"Creating Games"

for 1 year of study

(grade 5-6)

IT-teacher:

Sopneva Svetlana Viktorovna

2015-2016

Explanatory note

The program "Creating Games" was developed on the basis of the author's program "Creating Games Together" by Chepasov P.A. for the organization of extracurricular activities of general intellectual orientation.

The course is designed in such a way as to help students become interested in programming in general and find answers to questions that they have to face in everyday life when working with a large amount of information; when solving practical and life problems.

If earlier, when organizing extracurricular activities, mainly material was used that introduced the device of a computer, the simplest computer programs, then the “Design Games” program allows you to create your own programs to solve a specific problem. This is the hallmark of the Design Games program.

Novelty and relevance of the program "We design games"

Scratch is based on a graphical programming language that allows you to control the actions and interactions between various types data. The environment uses the metaphor of Lego bricks, from which even the smallest children can assemble the simplest structures. But by starting small, you can further develop and expand your ability to build and program.

Formation of the scientific outlook of schoolchildren, development of thinking through the study of programming and algorithmization issues.

Preparing students for the successful mastering of the basic and specialized course "Informatics" in high school.

The program "We design games" is pedagogically expedient. introduces students to a program that allows programming, simplifying some issues of working with branches, loops.

Target:

to form students' basic ideas about programming languages, algorithm, performer, ways to write an algorithm.

Tasks:

Tutorials:

Teaching the basic basic algorithmic constructions.

Teaching the skills of task algorithmization.

Mastering the main stages of problem solving.

Learning how to develop, test and debug simple programs.

Project training, its structure, design and development

Developing:

To develop the cognitive interest of students.

To develop creative imagination, mathematical and figurative thinking of students.

Develop the ability to work with computer programs and additional sources of information.

Develop project planning skills, ability to work in a group

Educators:

Raise interest in computer science.

Foster a culture of communication between students.

Foster a culture of safe work when working at a computer.

Foster a culture of working in the global network.

Program implementation period: 1 year.

The implementation of the program is given 1 hour per week (one lesson per week for 45 minutes), a total of 34 hours per year.

The forms and methods of teaching are determined by the age of the students. When conducting classes, computers with the installed Scratch program, a projector, a scanner, a printer, a computer network with Internet access are used. Theoretical work alternates with practical, and interactive forms of teaching are also used.

Forms of conducting classes: conversations, games, practical exercises, independent work, quizzes and projects.

The use of the project method makes it possible to provide conditions for the development of the skills of independent setting of tasks and the choice of the best option for solving them, independent achievement of the goal, analysis of the results obtained from the point of view of solving the task.

The program provides teaching methods: explanatory and illustrative, partially search (variable tasks), creative, practical.

Personal and meta-subject results of mastering the course of extracurricular activities.

The program is implemented on the basis of the following principles:

Learning in active cognitive activity . Students study all topics in practice, performing various creative tasks, ...., communicating in pairs and groups with each other.

Individual training . Teaching students to work on a computer makes it possible to organize the activities of students at an individual speed and in an individual volume. This principle is implemented through the organization of a workshop on mastering computer skills.

The principle of natural conformity . The main activity of schoolchildren is a game, through which children learn the world, so the lessons include game elements that contribute to the successful development of the course.

Continuity . The course program is structured in such a way that each subsequent topic is logically connected to the previous one. This principle helps students to understand the importance of the material already studied and the significance of each individual lesson.

integrity and continuity, meaning that this level is an important link in the unified school-wide training in informatics and information technology. Within the framework of this stage of training, the implementation of introductory, introductory training for schoolchildren continues, preceding a deeper study of the subject in grades 8-9 (main course) and 10-11 (profile courses) grades.

practice-oriented, ensuring the selection of content aimed at solving the simplest practical tasks of planning activities, searching for the necessary information, instrumentation of all types of activities based on generally accepted means of information activities that implement the main user capabilities of information technologies. At the same time, the starting point is the position that a computer can multiply the capabilities of a person, but not replace it.

Didactic spiral principle as the most important structuring factor in the methodology of teaching informatics: first, a general acquaintance with the concept, taking into account the existing experience of the students, then its subsequent development and enrichment, creating the prerequisites for scientific generalization in high school.

The principle of developmental learning(training is focused not only on obtaining new knowledge in the field of computer science and information technology, but also on the activation of thought processes, the formation and development of generalized methods of activity among schoolchildren, the formation of independent work skills).

Requirements for learning outcomes

Personal results:

broad cognitive interests, initiative and curiosity, motives for knowledge and creativity; readiness and ability of students for self-development and realization of creative potential in spiritual and subject-productive activities through the development of their figurative, algorithmic and logical thinking;

readiness to improve their educational level and continue their education using the means and methods of informatics and ICT;

interest in computer science and ICT, the desire to use the acquired knowledge in the process of teaching other subjects and in life;

the ability to connect educational content with one's own life experience and personal meanings, to understand the importance of training in the field of informatics and ICT in the context of the development of the information society;

readiness for independent actions and actions, taking responsibility for their results; readiness to carry out individual and collective information activities;

the ability to selectively relate to the information received due to the skills of its analysis and critical evaluation; responsible attitude to information, taking into account the legal and ethical aspects of its dissemination;

the ability and willingness to accept the values of a healthy lifestyle through knowledge of the basic hygienic, ergonomic and technical conditions for the safe operation of ICT tools.

Metasubject results:

possession of the skills of organizing one's own learning activities, including: goal-setting as setting a learning task based on the correlation of what is already known and what needs to be established;

planning - determining the sequence of intermediate goals, taking into account the final result, dividing the task into subtasks, developing a sequence and structure of actions necessary to achieve the goal using a fixed set of means;

forecasting - anticipation of the result;

control - interpretation of the result obtained, its correlation with the available data in order to establish compliance or non-compliance (error detection);

correction - making the necessary additions and adjustments to the action plan in case of an error;

assessment - students' awareness of how well they solved the educational and cognitive task;

possession of the basic universal skills of an informational nature: posing and formulating a problem;

search and selection of necessary information, application of information retrieval methods;

structuring and visualization of information; selection of the most effective ways of solving problems depending on specific conditions;

independent creation of activity algorithms in solving problems of a creative and exploratory nature;

possession of the basics of productive interaction and cooperation with peers and adults: the ability to correctly, clearly and unambiguously formulate an idea in a form understandable to the interlocutor;

the ability to carry out joint information activities in a team, in particular when implementing a project;

the ability to speak to an audience, presenting to it the results of their work using ICT tools;

the use of communication technologies in educational activities and everyday life.

Subject Results:

the ability to use the terms "information", "message", "data", "algorithm", "program"; understanding the differences between the use of these terms in everyday speech and in computer science;

the ability to create linear, branching and cyclic algorithms for managing executors in the Scratch programming language;

the ability to use logical values, operations and expressions with them;

mastering the concepts of class, object, event handling;

the ability to formally execute algorithms described using branching constructions (conditional statements) and repetition (loops), auxiliary algorithms;

the ability to create and execute programs for solving simple algorithmic problems in the Scratch program;

ability to use ready-made applied computer programs and services;

skills in choosing a way to present data depending on the task.

As a result of educational activities, in order to solve a variety of educational, cognitive and educational and practical tasks, students will form and develop the necessary universal educational activities and special educational skills, which will lay the foundation for successful educational activities in secondary and high schools.

Forms of summing up the results of the implementation of the program of extracurricular activities: educational and research conference, defense of projects.

Thematic plan

Name of topics

Number of hours

Characteristics of the activities of students

Introduction to Computer Design

Analytical: summarizing the information received about computer devices, choosing the necessary algorithmic design to solve the problem.

Practical: the use of various devices for input, output and storage of information, the creation of a description and verification of the algorithm

Basic programming and project creation techniques

Analytical: comparison of algorithmic structures in the form of flowcharts with a record in the Scratch program.

Practical: creating and debugging a software algorithm in the Scratch language.

Create a personal project

Analytical: Rationale for the choice of the project topic.

Practical: Implementation and protection of the project.

Description of the educational-methodical and material-technical support of the course of extracurricular activities.

Logistics support of the course of extracurricular activities.

Characteristics of a computer class

Number of RMU: 9

Peripherals: Scanner, printer, projector, LAN.

Local network, Internet access.

Operating system: Windows, Linux

Main program: Scratch v 1.4.

Educational and methodological support of the course of extracurricular activities.

Working program of the course.

Practical work.

Development of games, quizzes.

Calendar- thematic plan

Qty. hours

in including

practice

Dates

1.Introduction to computer-aided design (7 hours)

Computer device.

Safety regulations.
Quiz "What do we know about computers"

The concept of the performer.

The concept of an executor, algorithm and program, their purpose, types and use. Types of management of the performer.

Game "Executor and programmer"

Algorithm writing methods.

Ways of writing algorithms. Block diagrams. Programs.

Acquaintance with the Scratch performer and the programming environment.

The main elements of the interface of the Scratch program. Create, save and open projects.

Tournament on the Scratch game "Tir"

The command system of the Scratch performer.

The main groups of commands are their colors and purpose.

Basic algorithmic constructions. Linear and branching

Linear algorithm. Branches. Recording in the form of flowcharts

Project "Changing the parameters of the game Tyr"

Basic algorithmic constructions. cycles.

Project "Changing the parameters of the game Tyr"

Stages of problem solving

Statement, algorithmization, coding, testing, debugging of the program.

Project "Game Labyrinth"

Use of borrowed codes and objects, copyright. Network rules.

Quiz "Safe Internet"

Exploring Scratch Objects

The concepts of an object, an instance of an object, properties and methods of an object. Event handling.

Project "Project" Game Labyrinth "continuation

The main basic algorithmic constructions and their implementation in the environment of the Scratch executor

Linear algorithm. Movement of an object along a given route. Writing in Scratch

Project "Automatic Turtle"

Branches.

Branches. Event handling. Change the color and thickness of the line. Writing in Scratch

Project "Hand Turtle"

Cycle. Repetition of drawings. Ornaments. Writing in Scratch

The Tireless Turtle Project

variable and its use.

Variables and their types. Rules for using variables in the Scratch language. Basic arithmetic operations

Project "Calculator"

Random number function. Project design.

Overview of the main functions. Random number function. Rules for the use of colors. Working in a raster editor.

Project "Game Guess the Number"

Working with sound.

Insert sound files. Software processing of audio signals.

Project "Musical Synthesizer"

The main stages of project development.

Formulation of the problem. Choice of game theme. Preparation of design elements.

Project work.

Development and creation computer game using pre-prepared materials.

Testing and debugging the project.

Group check of the created game Troubleshooting.

Project protection.

Project protection. Publication of the project on the site.

Reserve - (2 hours).

Total 34 hours

1.Introduction to computer-aided design (7 hours)

The concept of an executor, algorithm and program, their purpose, types and use. Types of management of the performer. Ways of writing algorithms. Block diagrams. Programs. The main elements of the interface of the Scratch program. Create, save and open projects. The main groups of commands are their colors and purpose. Linear algorithm. Branches. Recording in the form of flowcharts, Loops.

Projects: Game "Executor and programmer", game "Tir", "Changing the parameters of the game Shooting gallery"

2.Basic programming and project creation techniques (20 hours)

Statement, algorithmization, coding, testing, debugging of the program. The concepts of an object, an instance of an object, properties and methods of an object. Event handling. Linear algorithm. Movement of an object along a given route. Writing in Scratch. Branches. Event handling. Change the color and thickness of the line. Writing in Scratch. Cycle. Repetition of drawings. Ornaments. Writing in Scratch. Variables and their types. Rules for using variables in the Scratch language. Basic arithmetic operations. Overview of the main functions. Random number function. Rules for the use of colors. Working in a raster editor. Insert sound files. Software processing of audio signals. Formulation of the problem. Choice of game theme. Preparation of design elements.

Projects: "Game Labyrinth", "Automatic Turtle", "Manual Turtle", "Indefatigable Turtle", "Calculator", "Guess the Number Game", "Music Synthesizer"

3. Creation of a personal project (5 hours)

Development and creation of a computer game using pre-prepared materials. Group check of the created game Troubleshooting.

Project: on a free topic. Publication of the project on the site.

Reserve - (2 hours).

Planned learning outcomes.

At the end of the course, the student must learn how to create linear, branching and cyclic algorithms for managing performers in the Scratch programming language, publish their projects on the global network.

In addition, students should have a cognitive interest in the subject of informatics. The acquired knowledge and skills of students contribute to the development of thinking and the formation of information culture of schoolchildren.

This program is aimed at achieving the first level of educational results, that is, at acquiring social knowledge, understanding of social reality

Literature

1. Evgeny Patarakin. Learn to cook in Scratch. Version 2.0

2. V.G. Ryndak, V.O. Jenger, L.V. Denisov. Project activity of a student

3.In the Scratch programming environment. Teaching aid. Orenburg - 2009.

Additional sources

1. – developer page where the code is posted

2. - official website of the Scratch project

3. - download the latest Russian version of Scratch

4. C ait “Learn with Scratch»

Explanatory note.

The program of additional education for children of scientific and technical orientation "Fascinating programming" compiled on the basis of the author's program " Creative tasks in the Scratch programming environment", which is included in the collection "Informatics. Maths. Programs of extracurricular activities for elementary and basic schools: grades 3 - 6 ” / M.S. Tsvetkova, O.B. Bogomolova. – M.: BINOM. Knowledge Laboratory, 2013. - 128 p.: ill. The program has been modified.

The program involves teaching children 9-13 years old.

The duration of the program is 1 year, 72 hours in total.

Target: to form students' basic ideas about programming languages, algorithm, performer, ways to write an algorithm; organize project scientific and educational activities of a creative nature; to form a student's cognitive interest in learning and research skills.

Classes are aimed at solving the following problems.

Program objectives:

Tutorials:

master the skills of compiling algorithms;

master the concepts of "object", "event", "management", "event handling";

to study the functionality of the main algorithmic structures;

form an idea of the profession "programmer";

to form the skills of developing, testing and debugging simple programs;

introduce the concept of the project and the algorithm for its development;

develop project development skills: interactive stories, quests, interactive games, tutorials, cartoons, models and interactive presentations.

Developing:

promote the development of critical, systemic, algorithmic and creative thinking;

develop attention, memory, observation; cognitive interest;

develop the ability to work with computer programs and additional sources of information;

develop project planning skills, the ability to work in a group.

Educational:

to form a positive attitude towards informatics and ICT;

develop independence and form the ability to work in a pair, small group, team;

develop the ability to demonstrate the results of their work.

O general X characteristics to ursa

We live in the age of informatization of society. Information technologies penetrate our lives from different sides. One of the most amazing and exciting activities of the present time is programming.

Teaching the basics of programming to schoolchildren should be carried out in a special programming language that will be understandable to children, easy to learn and consistent with modern trends in programming.

This course is supposed to lead the study of programming in a playful, exciting way.

Scratch is an object-oriented environment in which program blocks are assembled from colorful bricks.

Scratch is a multimedia system. Most of the language operators are aimed at working with graphics and sound, creating animation and video effects. Manipulation with media information is the main goal of creating Scratch.

Key features of Scratch

Block programming . To create programs in Scratch, you simply stack graphics blocks together. Blocks are made so that they can be assembled only in syntactically correct constructions, which eliminates errors. Different data types have different forms, highlighting the incompatibility. You can make changes to the stacks even while the program is running, allowing more experimentation with new ideas over and over again.

Data manipulation. With Scratch, you can create programs that manipulate and mix graphics, animations, music, and sounds. Scratch extends the visual data manipulation capabilities that are popular in today's culture - for example, by adding programmability to Photoshop-like filters.

Collaboration and sharing . The Scratch project site offers inspiration and an audience: you can look at other people's projects, use and modify their pictures and scripts, and add your own project. The biggest achievement is the shared environment and culture created around the project itself.

Scratch offers a low floor - easy to get started; high ceiling - the ability to create complex projects; and wide walls support a wide variety of designs. In the work on Scratch, special attention was paid to simplicity, sometimes even to the detriment of functionality, but with the goal of greater accessibility.

When students work on a project in Scratch, they have a chance to learn important computational concepts such as repetitions, conditions, variables, data types, events, and processes.. Scratch has already been used to introduce these concepts to children of various ages, from elementary school to college. Some students have switched from traditional, text-based programming languages after being shown programming in Scratch.

Scratch is an open source project, but with a "closed" development team. The source code is freely available, but the application is being developed by a small team of scientists at the MIT Media Lab.

One of the main concepts of the Scratch language is the development of your own ideas from the first idea to the final software product. To do this, Scratch has all the necessary tools:

- standard for languages of procedural type: following, branching, loops, variables, data types (integer and real numbers, strings, booleans, lists - dynamic arrays), pseudo-random numbers;

– object-oriented: objects (their fields and methods), message passing and event handling;

- interactive: processing the interaction of objects with each other, with the user, as well as events outside the computer (using a connected sensor unit);

– parallel execution: running object methods in parallel threads with the possibility of coordination and synchronization;

- creation simple interface user.

Relevance and novelty of the program .

The relevance of the program lies in the fact that the Scratch multimedia environment allows children to develop a strong interest in programming, meets all modern requirements for object-oriented programming.

Learning a language greatly facilitates the subsequent transition to learning other programming languages. The advantage of Scratch, among similar programming environments, is also the availability of versions for various operating systems: for Windows , Mac OS , GNU / Linux . At present, it makes sense to consider open source programs, which allows students to form a broader understanding of the possibilities of working with digital technology.

Scratch-free p distributed a program that can be downloaded, for example, from the site: h ttp :// info . scratch. mit. e du / Scratch 1.4 Downlo a d .

The aspect of novelty lies in the fact that Scratch is not just a programming language, but also an interactive environment where the results of actions are visualized, which makes working with the program understandable, interesting and exciting.

The feature of the Scratch environment, which allows you to create cartoons, animations and even simple games in the program, makes the educational program "Fascinating Programming" practically significant for a modern student, because makes it possible to see the practical purpose of algorithms and programs, which will contribute to the development of interest in professions related to programming.

Various teaching methods are used in the classroom depending on the tasks set. All tasks are arranged in ascending order of their difficulty. Practical activities accessible to children help to avoid mental overwork.

Organization of student activities:

Forms of organizing the activities of students:

group,

individual;

Teaching methods

verbal methods (lecture, explanation);

demonstrative and visual (demonstration of work in the program, schemes, scripts, tables);

project methods (development of a project in a spiral of creativity, modeling, activity planning)

work with the Internet community (publishing projects in the Internet community of scratchers).

explanatory - illustrative (teaching methods, when using which, children perceive and assimilate ready-made information);

partially search methods of teaching (participation of children in

collective search, solving the problem together with the teacher). research teaching methods (children mastering the methods of scientific knowledge, independent creative work).

Distinctive features. This training program is based on

the benefits of additional education and is designed to provide the necessary knowledge and

skills in the field of studying computer technologies for schoolchildren, as well as to identify

capable, talented children and develop their abilities, provides great opportunities for the creative development of children, providing for an individual approach to the child.

Pedagogical expediency of this educational program

is that when studying programming in the Scratch environment, students

not only logical thinking is formed, but also multimedia skills;

conditions are created for active, exploratory teaching, wide

opportunities for a variety of modeling.

The enrollment of students is free, at the request of children and their parents.

Class organization mode:

Total number of hours per year - 72 hours;

Number of hours per week 2 hours.

Predicted results.

As a result of the training, students will be able to:

independently plan ways to achieve goals, consciously choose the most effective ways to solve educational and cognitive problems;

correlate their actions with the planned results atami, exercise control of their activities in the process achievement of the result;

evaluate the correctness of the implementation of the educational task, their own ability to solve it;

create, apply and transform signs and symbols, models and diagrams to solve educational and cognitive problems;

possession of the basics of self-control, self-assessment, decision-making and the implementation of a conscious choice in the educational program cognitive activity;

the ability to organize educational cooperation and joint activities between teachers and peers;

formation and development of competence in the field of use of information and communication technologies .

the formation of a responsible attitude to coercion;

the formation of communicative competence in communication and cooperation with peers, children of the eldest and the youngest in age, adults in the process of educational, creative and other activities.

for the formation atmeny formalization and structuring of information, the ability to choose the method of presenting data in accordance with the task set using relevant data processing software;

the formation of skills for safe and purposeful different behavior when working with computer programs internet, skills comply with the norms of information ethics and law.

Requirements for the level of development of the material.

As a result, a student participating in project scientific and cognitive activities will:

Know:

separate ways of planning activities;

drawing up a plan for the upcoming project in the form of a drawing, diagram;

drawing up a plan for the upcoming project in the form of a table of objects, their properties and interactions;

splitting the task into subtasks;

distribution of roles and tasks in the group;

Be able to:

draw up a project plan, including: choosing a topic; domain analysis; splitting the task into subtasks; analyze the result and draw conclusions;

find and fix errors;

prepare a short report on the work; make a public presentation;

outline further ways of development of the project;

Gain skills:

group work;

conducting a discussion;

communicating your thoughts to others.

Will get the opportunity:

gradually learn programming;

realize your creative impulses;

participate in the interactive process of creating games and animations varied stories both individually and together with their peers from different countries;

receive a live response from like-minded people; evaluate your creativity.

Educational and thematic plan.

Introduction to the environmentScratch .

Introduction to the Scratch programming environment. Scratch interface. Scratch main menu. The concept of an algorithm, methods of writing an algorithm. The concept of a sprite and an object. Collections of sprites and backgrounds. Using the Internet to import objects. Features of the graphical editor of the Scratch environment.

Practical work:

Installing the Scratch program, drawing up algorithms. Exploring the interface of the environment. Creating and editing sprites and backgrounds for the scene, creating new sprites and scenes. Search, import and edit sprites from the Internet. Saving and opening projects.

Sprite management.

Theoretical knowledge and skills:

Commands and blocks. Program units: procedures and scripts. Navigation in the Scratch environment. Coordinate system. Coordinate axes. Control commands. Degree measure of an angle. Pen group drawing tools. Acquaintance with regular geometric shapes.

Practical work:

Specifying the coordinates of the sprite. Orientation by coordinates. The project "Robot draws", " Trip around the world Magellan".

cycles.

Theoretical knowledge and skills:

The concept of a cycle. Team repeat. Design always. Movement cursor control. Team turn in direction.

Practical work:

Drawing patterns and ornaments. Project "beware of the car." Vertical Racing Project. Aircraft flight project.

Creation of animation projects.

Theoretical knowledge and skills:

Animation. Stages of creating a project. Change of costumes.

Practical work:

Project "Octopus". Project "Girl jumping rope". Project "Running Man". Creation of the animated plot "Cat and Bird".

Branching algorithms.

Theoretical knowledge and skills:

Introduction to branching commands. . The concept of a condition. Simple and compound conditions. Sensors. Block if. Execution of scripts with branching. Nested branch commands.

Practical work:

Project "Caution puddles". Project "Controlled robot".

Games "Labyrinth", "Dangerous labyrinth". Project "Walking along the corridor". Project "Blind Cat". Project "Memory Trainer".

Accidents on order.

Theoretical knowledge and skills:

Random number generator, sensors.

Practical work:

The cat and mouse project. Flower project. Project "Timer"

Running and self-managing sprites.

Theoretical knowledge and skills:

Launching sprites using the keyboard. Launching sprites with the mouse. Signaling. Sensors.

Practical work:

Project "Pererodevaika". Project "Thumbelina". Lamp project. Project "Presentation"

Variables and levers.

Theoretical knowledge and skills:

Variables. Variable types. Levers.

Practical work:

Hungry cat game. Project "Flowers". Project "Regular polygons"

Lists.

Theoretical knowledge and skills:

List concept. List items. List creation. Adding and removing items to the list.

Practical work:

Project "Divination". Project "Intrusive Interlocutor". Project "interactive interlocutor". »Project «Test». Game "Guess the word".

Music of numbers.

Theoretical knowledge and skills:

Introduction to the musical possibilities of Scratch. Volume. Tone. Timbre. Sound recording. Sound file formats. Scoring Scratch projects.

Practical work:

Musical instrument project. Project "Composer"

Free design.

Theoretical knowledge and skills:

Introduction to design stages. Compilation of a table of objects, their properties and interaction. We create our own game, cartoon. Project storage.

Practical work:

Inclusion in the activities of the discussion of projects. Public presentations of performance results

Methodological support additional education programs.

Chapter

Forms of classes

Techniques and methods

Basic Skills

Technical equipment

Diagnostic materials for control

Introduction to the Scratch environment

Familiarize yourself with the Scratch programming environment. Be able to create and edit sprites and backgrounds for scenes. Execute and save projects.

A computer

Sprite management.