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Spray waterproofing device. Seamless spray waterproofing of foundations, basements and roofs. Advantages and disadvantages of sprayed waterproofing materials

The content of the article:

Polyurea spray waterproofing is the formation of a monolithic thick-walled film coating on the surface, which is characterized by high strength and elasticity. The protective shell is formed as a result of the reaction of two components - isocyanate and resin. In our article, we will consider the subtleties of handling these components and the technology of spraying the composition onto the base in order to protect it from moisture.

Features of the use of polyurea for waterproofing

The polyurea coating is formed as a result of the reaction of two components that are applied to the surface under high pressure. After application, the substance quickly hardens, forming a seamless web.

Two types of polyurea are used for waterproofing - pure and hybrid. The first option is used in harsh operating conditions, for example, at low temperatures, but its price is very high. In most cases, a hybrid option is used.

Manufacturers introduce additives into the substance, due to which the product, in addition to waterproofing, acquires other properties. A wide range of products allows you to choose a tool for each specific case. For example:

A reflective coating is mounted on the roof, which saves on insulation.
The compositions intended for floors and foundations are elastic, well resist mechanical loads.
For floors, you can choose polyurea, which allows you to get smooth and rough surfaces.
The product has proven itself well for waterproofing steel pipes.
Applying polyurea to the facade not only increases its moisture resistance, but also increases its service life.
You can purchase samples of any color and finish the interior surfaces of pools or aquariums.

Additives slightly worsen the properties of the material, but hybrid compounds cost less than pure polyurea. The technology for applying an insulator depends on its components, so check the requirements of the substance manufacturer in advance.

A feature of the insulator is a high curing rate, which eliminates the influence of various negative factors on the quality of the coating. In this way, the surface can be processed at low temperatures. The substance is able to waterproof the base in conditions where other protection options do not work.

It is necessary to work with the product in special suits that cover the skin, eyes and respiratory organs.

Advantages and disadvantages of polyurea waterproofing

The coating of this material has many positive qualities that distinguish it from other water repellents.

Advantages of polyurea:

Polyurea does not require repair and replacement for 50 years. After prolonged use, it does not deform from mechanical, temperature and chemical influences, does not lose its performance characteristics, does not shrink or crack. Wear resistance exceeds even the norms for ceramic tiles. If necessary, the surface of the film is easy to restore.
Using sputtering technology, a seamless waterproof shell of high reliability is created.
The product is safe for humans, because. it contains no toxic components.
The process of forming a coating based on polyurea is very simple. During operation, there is no need to adjust the materials, fix them, seal the joints.
Spraying is carried out using special devices that allow processing for a short time area 300-400 m2.
The urea-based sheath does not burn and can be used in fire hazardous areas.
The curing speed of the substance is very high - no more than 20 seconds. It is possible to start operation an hour after application, but the coating acquires maximum strength later.
Polyurea seals surfaces of any shape. It has good adhesion to almost all materials used in construction.

Even this modern facility for waterproofing has disadvantages that limit its use:

Some varieties of polyurea are not sufficiently resistant to ultraviolet radiation, so carefully study the composition and properties of the components before buying.
Raw materials for spraying a substance are expensive.
For work, you will need expensive equipment, without which it is impossible to apply the substance. Work on professional devices can only be specialists who have undergone special training.
The tool will reliably protect any surface from water, but it is not able to hide its flaws.

Surface waterproofing technology with polyurea

Waterproofing is carried out in several stages. First, it is necessary to carefully prepare the base for processing, determine the type of equipment for polyurea, and only then proceed to the spraying process. Information about each step is provided below.

Selection of Polyurea Spray Equipment

The insulator is applied to the walls by spraying with the help of special devices, which are selected depending on the area of the treated surface, the desired quality of the coating, the operating conditions of the containment and other factors. To obtain a working composition, the components are mixed at a temperature of 60-80 degrees in a ratio of 1: 1, under a pressure of 150-200 atmospheres. Therefore, the composition of the device necessarily includes such components as containers with chemicals, pumps, a dispenser, a mixture heater, special hoses for supplying a substance that maintains a given temperature, and a sprayer.

Universal fixtures designed for light and medium loads are not suitable for applying polyurea. They are not designed for high pressure in system. Each modification of the substance requires a certain type of gun, its own mixing chamber size, pressure, temperature. All recommendations for the selection of equipment are given in the instructions for the composition developed by the manufacturer of the substance.

With a small amount of work, mobile one-time installations are used, usually pneumatic. With their help, small areas are processed - balconies, basements. The simplest installation consists of two cylinders of polyol and isocyanate, a long flexible twin hose, a gun with nozzles. Devices do not always have a device for adjusting the proportion of components; there is no function for heating the contents. In such systems, the acceptable temperature is maintained using barrels of warm water. With some skills, disposable devices can qualitatively process even complex-shaped surfaces.

Electrical devices have an average performance and are designed to process large areas.

Hydraulic devices belong to the class of professional devices. They provide excellent quality waterproofing, designed for long term operation, have increased reliability. Dosing of reagents is carried out using piston pumps.

For spraying polyurea, it is necessary to use a spray gun with a flat jet, while for pneumatic and hydraulic devices sprayers of different designs.

Preparatory work

Before spraying, the surface should be carefully treated. To do this, perform the following operations:

Remove dirt in various ways - with a strong water jet, with a stiff brush, grinder etc.
Check the flatness of the base. Irregularities do not affect the quality of the waterproofing, but after the work is completed, the shell will look unaesthetic. Make sure that there are no oil stains and paint on the wall, the composition does not adhere well to them.
To improve adhesion, the surface to be treated must be rough. If necessary, go over it with a stiff brush.
Prime cement screeds to reduce the consumption of polyurea and increase the strength of the base.
Additional processing will prevent peeling of the plaster. If porous materials are not primed, then craters and other defects form on the surface. It will not be possible to disguise them even by repeated spraying.
Check concrete walls for weak areas. If found, cut them down, and fill the resulting voids with repair compounds. Fill the holes from the fasteners with expanding compounds to a depth of 4-6 cm.
Round sharp corners, knock down the influx of concrete. Putty shells with a diameter of more than 10 mm. At the junction of horizontal and vertical sections, fillets are made.
If polyurea, in addition to waterproofing, is planned to be used for decoration, the requirements for the surface are increased. It is necessary to ensure the horizontality or verticality of the treated walls with a tolerance of 1 mm per 1 m. The number of nicks with a diameter of 1-2 mm per 1 m 2 should not exceed two.
Brick partitions must be plastered with a cement-sand mixture. Polyurea can be applied after a month, so that the lining acquires maximum strength.
After leveling the surface, it must be primed with a special compound designed to work with polyurea. It is advisable to use those compositions that are recommended by the manufacturer of the waterproofing agent.
On metal products, sand the welds and sandblast everything else. Rinse and dry the surface after the procedure. Metal surfaces are not primed, only coated with an anti-corrosion compound.

Polyurea may be sprayed if the following requirements are met:

The surface moisture level does not exceed 4%. The value is determined by a special device - a moisture meter. In its absence, you can use the folk method. Lay a large piece of plastic wrap over the base and tape it on. Check her condition after three days. If wet spots appear, the wall should still dry out. It should be remembered that a polyurea coating is formed even if the material is sprayed onto ice, however, the shell will not adhere to the surface.
Permissible air humidity - less than 80%.
The ambient temperature must comply with the conditions specified by the raw material manufacturer.

Instructions for applying polyurea

Surface waterproofing is carried out after the primer has completely dried. The assembly of the product is very simple and takes only a few minutes.

Working with disposable installations does not require special skills, but before that it does not hurt to simulate spraying with the gun turned off. Practice intercepting the gun and moving around with it. You can’t release the trigger, the composition will instantly harden in the nozzle, and it will have to be changed. Professional installations have a complex design and before operation it is necessary to undergo special training in the maintenance of the device.

The classic polyurea spraying process is as follows:

Assemble the device according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Connect the hardener and resin cans to the heater with hoses.
Turn on the pump to supply formulations to and from the heater. The process stops when the entire volume of reagents is not heated to a temperature of 60-80 degrees.
After liquefaction of the components, the device redirects the materials for spraying. The same pumps pump the substance to the nozzles through special heated hoses. Each component emerges from individual holes in the gun and mixes as it is applied. The polymerization process immediately begins, and after a short period of time the substance solidifies, forming a film coating.
In some systems, mixing takes place in a special chamber built into the gun. To obtain a high-quality mixture, the pressure in it, as well as at the exit from the nozzle, must be sufficiently high.
Spraying is carried out in strips 1.5-2 m wide with an overlap of 15-20 cm on adjacent areas. Treat surfaces twice: first in one direction, and then perpendicular to the first layer. The thickness of the applied layer is 1-3 mm, the standard value is 2 mm. After 10-12 hours, the strength of the polyurea will reach a maximum.
In some cases, the coating is applied with two compositions, for example, when waterproofing pools. The top ball with the addition of dye replaces the decorative layer.

Useful tips when working with polyurea:

Keep the heated hose away from moisture to avoid electric shock.
Do not allow water to enter the hardener. If this happens, the substance will instantly foam and harden. Therefore, the apparatus for spraying must have a filter that traps moisture.
When waterproofing critical places, fiberglass must be built into the protective shell. It will protect surfaces from high mechanical and thermal loads.
After work, wash the sprayer from the solution.
It takes 3 people to work. One directly sprays, the second helps move heavy hoses, the third controls the operation of the device.

How to apply polyurea - look at the video:

Sprayed waterproofing is used to protect roofs, foundations, basements, underground rooms from moisture. Sprayed waterproofing has a number of advantages - a high level of fire resistance, long service life, no smell, no seams, good adhesion to any substrate, regardless of the surface topography.

Many people think that sprayed is one and the same, but this is absolutely not the case. This type of waterproofing consists of two components - a basic base and a rejecting catalyst. The process of coating the sprayed waterproofing occurs by cold spraying of the solution, which, after hardening, forms a strong shell.

Polyurea has become the main material used for sprayed waterproofing. This is an ultra-modern waterproofing coating, which, due to a number of advantages, has made sprayed waterproofing the most promising type of waterproofing.

Video: Foundation waterproofing with liquid rubber

Polyurea was first created by American scientists in 1989. Since then, a very dynamic promotion of this waterproofing material has begun in the markets of the USA, Canada, and Europe. In domestic open spaces, polyurea appeared not so long ago, but has already gained great popularity, and all thanks to its unique hydro-repellent properties.

Photo: Sprayed waterproofing - liquid rubber

There are several most distinctive positive points that relate to polyurea:

Fast and easy to use. With sprayed waterproofing, more than 500 square meters can be covered. m in one working day.
Sprayed waterproofing is used on any terrain, without requiring any preparation for this. When applied, it will simply repeat the shape of the surface to be coated.
The level of protection against moisture is as high as possible, even if a layer of only 1 mm is applied.
Sprayed waterproofing is applied seamlessly and retains high elasticity under the influence of different temperatures. A big advantage was its resistance to cracking.
High level of abrasion resistance and durability of the materials used.
Good connectivity with all kinds of building materials.
Warranty over 30 years.
A huge positive point was that polyurea and other components of sprayed waterproofing are environmentally friendly materials.

The creation of polyurea took place taking into account its molecular structure, which allows it not to settle during use and maintain its shape for a long time.

Video: Sprayed waterproofing liquid rubber

Sprayed waterproofing is resistant to any chemical elements, which makes it even more popular and practical.

Approximate expense:

1.0 -1.5 kg. per 1 sq.m. with a thickness of 1 mm. - as a cover

Currently, sprayed waterproofing is gaining great popularity. This method of protecting buildings and structures from moisture has many positive qualities and does not require the dismantling of the old coating.

The composition of the sprayed waterproofing includes two components: a filler and a catalyst. Interacting with each other, they turn into a strong, seamless membrane. Such insulation is applied by cold spraying.

Most often, “liquid rubber” is used as a sprayed layer, which is a bitumen-polymer or polyurethane composition.

Advantages and disadvantages of the method

The popularity of sprayed waterproofing is explained by its clear advantages over other types of building protection from moisture:

the finished waterproofing composition is packaged in barrels that are convenient to use and transport;
the composition is applied by cold spraying, i.e. eliminates the use of open fire, which is very important from the point of view of fire safety;
when using "liquid rubber" there is no need to dismantle the old waterproofing. In addition, this material has excellent adhesion to most building structures;
"liquid rubber" forms an even, seamless film, regardless of the coverage area and object configuration;
the insulation created by spraying retains its performance in any climatic conditions;
sprayed protection layer is very durable, elastic, 100% waterproof. It is resistant to active water flows, does not exfoliate from the base, and is environmentally friendly. "Liquid rubber" can also be used as anti-corrosion protection of metal elements of building structures. Creation of a 2 mm layer of sprayed insulation replaces the 4th layer of traditional roll coating;
the material does not age from temperature fluctuations, vibration and solar ultraviolet;
there are no solvents in "liquid rubber". Therefore, it is completely environmentally friendly. Only water evaporates from it;
it is economically profitable to organize the repair of a defective area by spraying, since this method does not require the dismantling of the damaged layer;
the insulating material, when applied to the surface, fills all cracks and pores. Therefore, it is guaranteed to protect building structures from moisture, steam and gases.

When creating waterproofing by spraying, there is no need to use fixing material, nails, dowels, etc. This allows you to maintain the original integrity of the entire coating.

However, "liquid rubber" also has a number of negative qualities that must be taken into account when organizing protective waterproofing work:

The material may lose its performance under the influence of an aggressive environment (solvents, petroleum products, etc.).
It is possible to remove "liquid rubber" from the surface of the building material only mechanically.
The cost of the method is quite high. In addition, only experienced specialists can work with it, using specialized equipment.
Some types of sprayed waterproofing can lose their protective qualities under the influence of UV rays. Therefore, they require additional protection, for example, by painting.

Where is "liquid rubber" used?

The main field of application of sprayed waterproofing is the protection against moisture of foundations and roofs, load-bearing structures of buildings and structures, as well as tanks. In addition, it is used:

in shipbuilding, automotive and mechanical engineering to protect metals from corrosion;
in civil engineering for destruction protection concrete structures;
during the construction of bridges, tunnels, strengthening of bulk slopes, etc.;
for isolation of pipelines, capacities of water-pressure constructions, strengthening of irrigation canals.

Varieties of sprayed material

"Liquid rubber" can be of two types: single-component and multi-component. A single-component composition is already ready for direct use, and a multi-component composition is prepared before starting work and consists of a base and a catalyst.

"Liquid rubber" according to the method of application can be divided into:

bulk;
painting;
for cold spraying.

Exactly last group most in demand when creating waterproofing.

Technology of application of "liquid rubber"

Waterproofing works using sprayed materials are organized in the following order:

The protective composition is applied in strips no more than 1.5 meters wide. The material must be applied evenly. The presence of untreated areas is not allowed. It is not necessary to achieve a completely flat surface. The main thing is that there are no foreign inclusions and defects in the resulting film. For spraying, it is best to use devices operating under high pressure.
Before processing sharp corners, reinforcing material is laid on them. For example, non-woven geotextiles.
If a multicomponent composition is used, then it must be borne in mind that it almost instantly hardens on the surface.
If spraying is carried out on a concrete roof, then the thickness of the protective layer must be at least 2 mm, on a metal surface - at least 1 mm, on brickwork- 1.5 mm.

Protection of building structures from moisture by spraying a waterproofing layer is new way organization of such work, which requires a special approach.

Therefore, it should be trusted exclusively to professionals who have the necessary knowledge and practical experience. Contact our company specializing in such waterproofing works and appreciate the benefits of cooperation with a reliable partner.

Stargidrostroy offers application services sprayed waterproofing. We have sufficient material and technical base to successfully carry out work of any scale and any complexity. If necessary, our team will go to the site on the day of signing the contract and promptly eliminate the problem if we are talking about a leak. Spray waterproofing is carried out on the basis of an official contract, which specifies the deadlines for the delivery of work (we strictly observe them). All work is carried out with a guarantee, which speaks of their professional quality.

What it is?

Provides for the use of material based on bitumen emulsion and liquid rubber. Based on the characteristics and materials of production, the following types of sprayed waterproofing are distinguished:

sprayed polymer waterproofing;
sprayed liquid rubber waterproofing;
seamless spray waterproofing;
sprayed urea waterproofing.

Features and Benefits

One of the features of sprayed waterproofing, which can be regarded as a huge plus, is the ability to form a solid layer that does not have joints. Its thickness is about two millimeters, and the absence of seams on the surface makes it absolutely waterproof. This makes spray waterproofing indispensable for roofs! Thanks to its use, it is possible to provide effective protection not only from the outside, but also from the inside. The latter makes it possible to exclude the destructive effect of moisture on heat-insulating materials from condensate, which forms in the under-roof space.

As for the other advantages of this type of waterproofing coating, there are many of them. First of all, it is the possibility of operation in a wide temperature range from －47 °С to ＋98 °С and resistance to ultraviolet rays. The membrane, which is formed during the application process, is incredibly reliable and will please with a long service life. An important point is that the material does not contain substances harmful to the human body, and therefore will not cause allergic reaction or intoxication of the body.

Of course, the application of this type of waterproofing requires the use of equipment and must be carried out by professionals ... For example, those who work at Stargidrostroy. We have powerful equipment that allows us to carry out work quickly. On average, in one shift, our craftsmen can waterproof about one hundred square meters of surface. Contact us!

Waterproofing resins

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Waterproofing measures

Waterproofing is the most important stage in the construction of the roof. Not only the microclimate in the premises of the building, but also its reliability largely depends on how and with what it will be performed. Waterproofing is recommended for any roofing. It is she who is responsible for the timely removal of accumulated steam and condensate from the attic space, thus preventing the destruction of the materials used to build the roof. There are several methods for waterproofing. Sprayed waterproofing is especially popular. About its features, advantages, disadvantages and installation rules - in more detail.

Spray waterproofing is one of the few ways to create a water-repellent layer. roofing cake, performed by applying a special material - a two-component system based on a bitumen emulsion with the addition of polymers (liquid rubber). She is:

contributes to the formation on the treated surface of a monolithic membrane without seams and joints two millimeters thick, which reliably protects the roofing and heat-insulating material from excessive moisture, steam and condensate;
differs in reliability, endurance, resistance to influences of natural character;
can be used even in extreme conditions, because it is resistant to sharp temperature fluctuations and ultraviolet radiation.

It is important to know: the waterproofing layer, arranged by the method in question, is able to flawlessly perform its main functions in the temperature range from -47 ° C to +98 ° C.

Unlike others, more traditional ways, waterproofing by spraying does not imply mechanical joints and seams, it is this important feature that guarantees the absence of subsequent roof leaks. The liquid bitumen-emulsion system, after application, adheres tightly and reliably adheres to the insulated surface, forming an inseparable water-repellent layer. If the waterproofing of membrane films and other rolled material during operation quickly deforms and becomes unusable under the influence of natural factors, then the option under consideration is able to last up to 25-30 years without annual repairs, without leaking.

Waterproofing by spraying allows you to create a complete membrane coating without joints and seams

The main advantages of the considered method of waterproofing

Seamless sprayable waterproofing, which involves the formation of a high-quality water-repellent anti-corrosion membrane coating, is endowed with a number of unique physical features. These include:

UV resistant. The coating does not deform and does not change its technical features under the influence of sunlight, which is not typical of every waterproofing material.
Eco-friendly and non-toxic composition. Liquid rubber consists of non-toxic polymers and bitumen emulsion, therefore, during operation, it does not emit hazardous substances that can harm a person or the environment.
Excellent adhesion to concrete, wood and many surfaces. After application, the bituminous emulsion system hardens instantly. It adheres reliably and tightly to any treated surface, forming a dense, waterproof layer.
No seams or joints. Most often, the roof leaks in those places where the joints of the waterproofing material are located. Waterproofing by spraying avoids these unpleasant incidents.
Ease and speed of application. Waterproofing by the considered method, if desired, can be performed even by an unprepared person. Liquid rubber is applied and hardens very quickly, if desired, up to 1000 square meters of waterproofing layer can be applied per shift.
Fire resistance. Liquid rubber does not ignite and does not spread fire well.

It is important to know: the service life of waterproofing, arranged by spraying, can be 25 - 30 years only if all preparatory and installation work performed correctly.

Physical properties waterproofing layer applied by spraying, allow it to be as reliable, durable, hardy and elastic as possible

Scope of application of seamless sprayed waterproofing

Sprayed waterproofing has found its application not only in the production of waterproofing roofing works, in the construction of new, inverted and conventional roofs, their repair on the old coating, but also in many other areas: in shipbuilding and mechanical engineering, the automotive industry. It is resorted to when it becomes necessary to waterproof basement and basements, are used as an effective anti-corrosion agent for protecting structures, both metal and concrete.

It is important to know: sprayed waterproofing, due to its properties, is able to serve for a long time, despite the conditions in which it is used. The high tensile strength characteristic of the waterproofing layer applied by spraying prevents the possibility of its cathodic delamination from the surface due to temperature effects, sharp shocks, pressure of accumulated water, vibration. Hardening, it does not become brittle and brittle, retains its impeccable elasticity, does not deform, does not give in to peeling and does not crumble.

Sprayed waterproofing has found its application in many areas of our life. For example, when waterproofing pools

Rules for spraying a waterproofing layer

Seamless sprayed waterproofing is applied to a previously cleaned, dry, degreased surface with an antiseptic using a special dual-slope device that sprays liquid rubber in an airless way, at a temperature not lower than +5 °C. It is also possible to apply the composition on a damp surface.

Sharp internal and external corners, junctions and the necessary resistance to traction with separation before waterproofing are reinforced with special non-woven thermally bonded textiles with a density of up to 200 grams per one square meter. The waterproofing material hardens after mixing all its components in a torch, instantly on the treated surface.

If you strictly follow the rules for spraying waterproofing, it will last a long time, properly performing its main functions.

It is important to remember that only a professional with experience who is fluent in technology and knows all the subtleties of the process can correctly and with the highest quality apply a liquid bitumen-emulsion system to a roof surface or other base. In view of this, it is highly undesirable to carry out the work on your own, otherwise the seamless sprayed waterproofing will not be able to justify itself.