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Plywood flooring is often used as a leveler under the main floor. flooring. On top you can lay parquet or laminate. But the layers can also be used as the main coating. The arrangement of the frame and sheets will not take much time and effort, and the result will pleasantly surprise you.

Plywood has a layered structure. Wooden layers are glued together during the pressing process. The strength of the source material depends on the thickness of the sheets. Production takes place from an odd number of layers. In order to know which plywood to use, you need to familiarize yourself with different types material.

The classification of plywood depends on the following conditions:

Appearance and grade of material;
Face layer treatments: sanded sheet or unsanded;
Resistance to moisture, which is determined by the composition of the adhesive during manufacture;
Ecological purity of the material.

Particular attention should be paid to the varietal division of plywood. The classification depends on the quality of the veneer and the presence of defects. This will help you make the right choice of sheets for your home.

Varietal division of plywood:

First grade - high quality. There may be slight distortion of the veneer.
The second grade may have small flaws, glue residue, inserts of different types of wood. Suitable for floor leveling.
The third grade has knots and cracked places.
The fourth rubbish is low quality. Has many defects and flaws.

The first and second grade is the best option for flooring in an apartment. The first grade can be used for the front. By painting it, you can get a flat and smooth floor.

To level the floor, you do not need to use plywood sheets with an adhesive composition and the presence of formaldehyde resins.

The best types of wood for an apartment are birch or pine needles. Such plywood is quite strong, keeps heat well. The layer thickness should be 12-16 mm.

It is worth noting the positive properties of plywood flooring. The advantages are the possibility of self-assembly. It is also fast and easy way level the floor. Plywood serves as a strong and durable base for any other floor covering.

But laying plywood sheets also has disadvantages. These include the difficulty in choosing layers. With the wrong selection, the material will sag and creak. Also a disadvantage is the possibility of getting too loud floor. But all these disadvantages are not observed if you choose and install plywood correctly.

Determining the thickness of plywood for the floor by logs

When determining the desired thickness of the plywood sheet, a number of nuances must be taken into account. First you need to pay attention to the distance between the lags, which is formed based on the characteristics of the floor. For example, the presence of heaters. Also, if desired, you can increase the strength and thickness of the flooring by laying plywood in two layers.

Plywood thickness based on the presence of layers:

One layer - 15-18 mm;
Two layers - 8-10 mm.

If the flooring consists of a single layer, then the thickness within these limits depends on the expected load on the floor covering. If this parameter is reduced, then the structure will not become stronger. If the indicator is increased, then there will be additional work on cutting the layers. In this case, the weight of the flooring will increase, and this is an additional load on the floors.

Requirements for the distance between the lags for the floor under the plywood

For a plywood floor, you will need wooden planks - logs. Dried wood is used as such bars. At the same time, the dimensions of the planks should be 70 mm wide and 40-50 mm high. You also need to take into account the lining under the logs. Their width is 100-150 mm, thickness - 25 mm.

The length of the lag should be at least 2 m. In this case, the bar should not have defects, flaws, irregularities. Before installation, the beam must be kept for 10 days at room temperature. After that, you need to make sure that there is no cracking of the wood due to drying.

The best types of wood for logs are coniferous or deciduous trees.

The installation of the beam depends on the placement of the plywood joints. They must lie down on the logs. Therefore, when installing the base, you need to build on the dimensions of the plywood sheets. The optimal interval between lags is 30-40 cm. Changes in this indicator depend on the thickness of the formation. The gap between the plank and the wall is 3-4 cm.

Dimensions of plywood sheets:

Square layer - 152.5x152.5 cm;
Rectangular - 122x244 cm.

It is optimal to install logs across the room, since the joints are placed near the window. Sheets of plywood should lie in the direction of travel. For apartment buildings it will be correct to put soundproofing material under the logs.

Installation of a lag on the floor in the apartment

The lathing installation technology includes the preparation of the base of the floor. All irregularities, holes and cracks must be repaired. Then waterproofing is installed. The crate must be treated with antiseptics and fire-retardant impregnation.

Installation of slats does not take place on a concrete screed. To do this, use a lining in the form of scraps of boards and bars. You can also take pieces of roofing material and linoleum. For a flat floor, you need to find the highest point on the floor and set the first lag. At the same time, markings must be made around the entire perimeter of the room at what level the logs should be attached.

After mounting the extreme bars, you need to start installing intermediate strips. The step between them should be measured at 40-60 cm. It is important to take into account the size of the plywood sheets. Their joints should come to the middle of the bar.

If further installation of a porcelain stoneware slab is planned, then the step between the lags should be 30 cm.

When the frame is installed, you can begin to warm the floor. The interval between the lags is filled with cotton wool or expanded clay. In this case, the thickness of the cotton wool should be 5 cm. Next, you need to lay a vapor barrier. The material is attached to the top of the insulation with a stapler.

The basic principles of installing a lag in an apartment:

The installation of the bars occurs perpendicular to the window or the direction of movement in the house;
The interval between the planks is measured as 40-50 cm;
The distance between the wall and the frame is 2-3 cm;
Insulation must be placed between the lags;
If plywood is installed under parquet, laminate or linoleum, then you need to use an even flooring of the second grade.

The interval between the wall and the lag must be observed due to the possible expansion of the timber. This is due to increased humidity. This procedure will prevent the appearance of deflections and deformations of the laminate, which can be placed on top.

Do-it-yourself plywood flooring

Laying plywood sheets along the logs with your own hands should begin with the preparation of the layers themselves. If necessary, they are cut, cut out all the corners and protrusions. After that, you can lay plywood on top of the frame.

Consistent installation of layers:

First you need to calculate the plywood sheets. After that, you need to roughly determine the arrangement and make markings for the fasteners.
On each layer, you need to cut the edges at an angle and make holes for self-tapping screws.
Next comes the countersink. This is necessary so that the caps of the fasteners do not look out.
The next step is laying plywood sheets. You can start from any corner of the room. Screws must be fixed vertically.

The plywood layer must be fixed around the entire perimeter with screws. Additional fasteners depend on the size of the sheet. For small ones, you can make additional fixation only in the middle. For large ones, you need to use a cross mounting scheme.

The joints between the layers are sealed with sealant. Screw heads are also hidden using special mixtures.

The last step is cleaning the joints. Excess sealants are easily removed with sandpaper. Then you can paint the floor or varnish it.

Laying plywood on logs (video)

Installing a plywood floor with your own hands is quite realistic and easy. This is a budget option that does not require special skills and knowledge. The main thing is to get acquainted with the basic principles of laying plywood sheets.

All photos from the article

The device of the floor from plywood on the logs on this moment recognized as the most convenient, fast and inexpensive type of rough or finish coating in the house. The unique characteristics of the materials make it possible to relatively quickly and efficiently complete the entire range of activities, even for a person who has only general basic skills in working with wood.

Today we will talk about the main points of this process.

Tool and material preparation

Any construction works start with careful preparation. The more attentive you are to this process, the easier and faster the main work will be done, and most importantly, at the finish you will get a high-quality coating.

A few words about the tool

Fortunately, for such work, you do not need a highly specialized and expensive tool.

As a rule, a standard set is enough, which almost every good owner has:

Most construction and installation work is not complete without an electric drill, in this case it is better to get a puncher;

Naturally, you will need a hammer and a screwdriver, or at least a set of screwdrivers;
Since we are talking about working with wood, we cannot do without a hacksaw. Of course, plywood can also be cut with a hand saw on wood, but believe me, sawing with your own hands is quite difficult and long, so it’s better to take a jigsaw right away;

In addition, if you are going to make a finishing floor from plywood along the logs, then you will need a normal grinder for finishing;
You will need to display the horizon, so in addition to the usual building level, you should also take a liquid one, working on the principle of communicating vessels.

Important: experienced builders do not recommend cutting plywood sheets or wooden beams with a grinder. This tool is not intended for working with wood, the risk of injury is too great.

Log preparation

Theoretically, sheets can also be fixed to structures made of metal angle or I-beams, but this is much more expensive and more problematic to install, so we recommend using only wooden beams.

Before installation, the beam must be treated with an antiseptic and water-repellent compound, in budget option it is enough to cover with several layers of used engine oil.

The cross-section of the beam on the logs for the floor under the plywood is selected depending on the thickness of the insulation in the subfloor. If the insulation is not planned, then a bar of 50x50 mm is enough for the screed. For a warm floor or concrete insulation, a beam of 100x50 mm is enough.

When we are talking about the installation of floors on the ground floor, then there the thickness of the insulation can reach up to 250 mm, respectively, and the beam should be no less. The width of the horizontal plane on which the flooring will be attached is taken from 50 mm.

Choice of plywood

The question of what plywood to use for the floor on the logs is far from being idle, modern market provides a fairly wide selection and the price is not a guarantee of quality. After all, many expensive types of material are, in principle, forbidden to lay in residential premises.

The first thing you should pay attention to is the brand of the sheet.

It consists of a letter abbreviation and reflects the type of adhesive used in the production of plywood.

A finished or rough floor made of plywood on logs must be not only durable and reliable, but also safe. At the moment, the sheet of the FC brand is considered the most popular material for residential premises. It has an optimal price-quality ratio and is even approved for use in children's rooms. Urea-formaldehyde resin acts as an adhesive here. But he has one flaw, this coating is not moisture resistant;

FK sheet flooring is perfect for a living room, bedroom or closet.. In the kitchen, hall and bathrooms, waterproof plywood is needed. And here you can choose. There is an option to lay a "FKA" sheet, it is based on an albumin-formaldehyde composition. You can take yacht plywood under the FB brand, it is more expensive, but can withstand even prolonged exposure to sea water.

Tip: what you definitely shouldn’t do is buy FSF sheets. Some of the phenolic compounds are present in their composition. And phenol, as you know, is considered a toxic carcinogen. The only place where such sheets will fit is the bottom lining of the cellar in wooden house, the layer that is mounted immediately above the ground.

Next, you should decide what thickness of plywood for the floor along the logs is suitable in your case. Draft flooring is faster and easier to make from a sheet with a thickness of 20 mm or more. Its stability and strength is quite enough for a single-layer coating. In addition to high strength, single-layer flooring conducts heat much better, which is important when arranging a warm floor for a laminate or tile.

If you equip flooring in a wooden house, then the approach should be somewhat different. Such houses are prone to shrinkage and seasonal deformations, so it would be appropriate to make a floating, two-layer coating of sheets of 10 - 12 mm. The total thickness of plywood on the floor on the logs will remain the same, but such flooring is no longer afraid of deformations of the base.

Tip: if you are planning a finishing floor made of plywood, then it makes sense to immediately buy sanded sheets. So after installation you will need to grind only the joints and attachment points. In the marking, this looks like "SH1" or "SH2", which means the sheet is sanded on one or both sides.

As for the grade, now it is divided into 5 positions:

Extra or E class goes without flaws at all;
The first grade has minor cracks, but no knots. These two grades go for fine cladding;
The second and third grades are perfect for rough flooring, there will be a certain number of knots and small cracks in the top veneer, which in our case is not so important;
The fourth grade is considered technical, it has no restrictions on defects, although it can be taken for a subfloor, but each sheet should be carefully examined, especially if the goods came from friendly China.

Tip: there is hardwood and. Theoretically, any subfloor can be used, but coniferous material, although considered less durable, is better suited in this case, since it has greater water resistance, and most importantly, it costs less.

Plywood sheets and boards are a versatile building material. It is used for various finishing works, installation under parquet, linoleum, tiles and other types of subfloor cladding and as a finishing coating of the latter. Such sheets are used in office and residential premises. Plywood flooring is an economical and easy-to-install flooring that has good operational characteristics and sufficient durability.

Plywood floors - the advantages and disadvantages of the coating

Plywood is a multilayer material made from wood veneer. They have increased wear resistance and strength, environmental friendliness, practicality and affordable cost. These advantages lead to the active use of plywood as a material for arranging floor bases.

The disadvantages of the described products are that they are hygroscopic and vulnerable to temperature changes. Therefore, they are undesirable for use in bathrooms. They are not mounted in other rooms with unstable temperature and humidity conditions.

A plywood floor is characterized by all the indicated advantages and disadvantages of a multilayer material. A competent choice of the latter makes it possible to produce:

leveling, arrangement and thermal insulation of the draft base;
fine (finish) finishing of the floor.

In a private wooden house, plywood flooring is laid directly on old boards or on a pre-equipped lag system. The second method is also recommended for apartments in multi-storey residential buildings.

Arrangement of floors along logs is an economical and widespread technology. It is easy to implement with your own hands. The main thing is to figure out what kind of plywood and logs you need to use to perform this operation.

The choice of materials for arranging the floor base

The lag system is constructed from wooden beams. It is optimal to work with coniferous products with a height of 40-50, a width of 65-70 mm. The length of the bars depends on the size of the room where the floor is mounted. It is undesirable to use blanks shorter than 200 cm.

The surface of the bars must be as flat as possible. It is not allowed to have serious defects. 2-3 days before installation wooden crafts should be brought into the room so that they acclimatize to the existing conditions (to indicators of temperature and humidity).

Plywood for arranging floors is selected taking into account the type of sheets (plates) used and their thickness. Professionals advise using products with the FC marking. Such plywood sheets do not contain volatile chemicals. They do not deform during short contact with water, have a high wear resistance.

The surface of the plates with the FSF marking is impregnated with a special composition. It gives products increased moisture resistance. But in the production of FSF plywood sheets, compounds potentially harmful to human health (phenol formaldehydes) are used. Therefore, it is undesirable to use them for flooring in living rooms.

Particular attention is paid to the selection of plywood thickness. Here it is necessary to take into account the following nuances:

The amount of load on the base.
The distance between individual lags.
Type of finish.

To level the floor bases, plywood 10–12 mm thick is taken. Products with such parameters are also suitable for arranging a subfloor, provided that the logs are installed in increments of up to 40 cm. If the distance between the bars is greater than this indicator, sheets of 14–16 mm must be used.

When it is planned to lay linoleum or light laminate on a plywood floor, it is allowed to use a multi-layer material with a thickness of 12–16 mm. If, however, it acts as a finish coating ceramic tile, massive parquet board, it is better to take plates of 15-18 mm.

Another subtlety. For the arrangement of the subfloor, it is allowed to use unpolished products (НШ) and sheets with one-sided grinding (Ш1). When plywood boards perform the function of a fine finish, these types of material are not used. In such cases, you should buy sheets with double-sided grinding (W2).

Preparing the floor and installing the log - a minimum of difficulties

The planned work is carried out with the help of a screwdriver, grinder, electric drill, wood saw, electric jigsaw, building level. In addition to plywood and logs, you will need:

bituminous paper;
antiseptic composition;
self-tapping screws (screws);
elastic mastic;
dowels or anchors;
construction tape;
polyethylene or roofing felt in rolls.

The first step in installing the floor on the logs is cleaning the base. All dust, debris, dirt is removed from it. If there are slight protrusions and depressions on the surface, alignment is performed. A ruberoid or plastic film is laid on the cleaned floor. Laying of materials is carried out with an overlap. Its size is 20 cm. The joints are fixed with construction tape.

The floor base is marked out in order to determine the places where the logs will be mounted. The beams are laid parallel to each other, starting from the wall where there is a window. The blanks are usually placed on linings measuring 20x10x2.5 cm, which are cut from plywood or wooden slats, and attached to the base with dowels.

The bars are treated with an antiseptic. They are being installed. The distance between the lags is taken within 40–60 cm. The plywood determines the specific step (its recommended thickness for the floor is discussed above).

The bars are mounted strictly at the same height. To determine it, liquid or laser level. Changing this parameter for individual logs is carried out using pieces of linoleum or roofing felt, which are placed under wooden blanks.

Fixing the bars is carried out with screws (self-tapping screws). The heads of the hardware must be recessed into the logs. If wood blanks are installed without additional linings, they can be attached to the base with long dowels or anchors with a section of 1 cm.

Sound and heat insulating material (polystyrene, expanded clay, mineral wool) is laid between the mounted lags. It is allowed to place engineering communications between the bars. In this case, they are covered on top with a layer of paper impregnated with bitumen or parchment.

Laying plywood - the final operation

Plywood sheets of the selected grade are cut into rectangular or square blanks. The geometric parameters of the latter are selected so that the edges of each plate rest on the middle of the lag. After cutting the material, it is recommended to spread the resulting products on the floor surface. And make sure they are cut correctly.

After that, do-it-yourself installation of plywood on the logs is carried out. Work is carried out subject to the following rules:

Laying of adjacent plywood products will be carried out with an offset. This reduces stress on the seams.
Small (2-3 mm) gaps are left between the sheets.
The extreme plywood products move away from the walls by 2–3 cm.
On the plates, the places of their attachment to the logs are marked in advance. Holes are countersunk at these points. Their cross-section is similar to the size of the hats of the used hardware.
Each plywood sheet is fixed with at least eight fasteners. The distance between the lags under the plywood is taken 20–30 cm.

The cut plywood is laid out on the floor surface. Sheets are attached to the lags with self-tapping screws or screws. The length of the hardware is taken 3 times the thickness of the plywood boards. After installation, the joints between the plates are filled with elastic mastic. It is easily applied and distributed with a conventional spatula.

It is allowed to lay plywood in two layers. The procedure in this case is similar to that described. But there are a couple of nuances here. Firstly, the attachment points of the plates of the first and second layers are marked in different places. Secondly, the total thickness of the plywood coating cannot be more than 2.5 cm.

Plywood flooring can be installed in any room, regardless of its purpose. Plywood flooring is often used as a leveler under the main floor covering. On top you can lay parquet or laminate. But the layers can also be used as the main coating. The arrangement of the frame and sheets will not take much time and effort, and the result will pleasantly surprise you.

The choice of plywood for laying on logs

It is possible to improve the performance properties of a plywood floor by installing heat-insulating material between the lags.

The classification of plywood depends on the following conditions:

Appearance and grade of material;
Face layer treatments: sanded sheet or unsanded;
Resistance to moisture, which is determined by the composition of the adhesive during manufacture;
Ecological purity of the material.

Varietal division of plywood:

The first grade is high quality. There may be slight distortion of the veneer.
The second grade may have small flaws, glue residue, inserts of different types of wood. Suitable for floor leveling.
The third grade has knots and cracked places.
The fourth rubbish is low quality. Has many defects and flaws.

The first and second grade is the best option for flooring in an apartment. The first grade can be used for the front. By painting it, you can get a flat and smooth floor.

To level the floor, you do not need to use plywood sheets with an adhesive composition and the presence of formaldehyde resins.

The best types of wood for an apartment are birch or pine needles. Such plywood is quite strong, keeps heat well. The layer thickness should be 12-16 mm.

It is worth noting the positive properties of plywood flooring. The advantages are the possibility of self-assembly. It is also a quick and easy way to level the floor. Plywood serves as a strong and durable base for any other floor covering.

Determining the thickness of plywood for the floor by logs

Choose the thickness of plywood based on the purpose of the room

Plywood thickness based on the presence of layers:

One layer - 15-18 mm;
Two layers - 8-10 mm.

Requirements for the distance between the lags for the floor under the plywood

The best types of wood for logs are coniferous or deciduous trees.

Choose the distance between the lags for the floor is depending on the thickness of the plywood

Dimensions of plywood sheets:

Square layer - 152.5x152.5 cm;
Rectangular - 122x244 cm.

It is optimal to install logs across the room, since the joints are placed near the window. Sheets of plywood should lie in the direction of travel. For apartment buildings, it will be right to put soundproofing material under the logs.

Installation of a lag on the floor in the apartment

Before proceeding with the installation of the log on the floor, it is worth studying the theoretical part of the process

If further installation of a porcelain stoneware slab is planned, then the step between the lags should be 30 cm.

The basic principles of installing a lag in an apartment:

The installation of the bars occurs perpendicular to the window or the direction of movement in the house;
The interval between the planks is measured as 40-50 cm;
The distance between the wall and the frame is 2-3 cm;
Insulation must be placed between the lags;
If plywood is installed under parquet, laminate or linoleum, then you need to use an even flooring of the second grade.

Do-it-yourself plywood flooring

To lay plywood on logs, you must definitely purchase a screwdriver, screws and a level

Consistent installation of layers:

First you need to calculate the plywood sheets. After that, you need to roughly determine the arrangement and make markings for the fasteners.
On each layer, you need to cut the edges at an angle and make holes for self-tapping screws.
Next comes the countersink. This is necessary so that the caps of the fasteners do not look out.
The next step is laying plywood sheets. You can start from any corner of the room. Screws must be fixed vertically.

The joints between the layers are sealed with sealant. Screw heads are also hidden using special mixtures.

Sooner or later there comes a time when floor repairs become necessary. And then a lot of questions arise, how to do it better and cheaper, what materials to use, hire specialists or do everything yourself? The most economical is the plywood floor on the logs. The work does not require special construction skills and, unlike other methods of flooring, does not entail high costs.

Material selection

Flooring starts with right choice materials. It is necessary to pay attention to the type of plywood, its composition, water resistance, but the main thing is the thickness of the sheets. Appearance the material does not really matter, since there will be a finish coating on top (for example, a laminate). It is recommended to use plywood labeled FK (moisture-resistant plywood based on carbamide resin) or FSF (plywood in which veneer layers are joined with phenol-formaldehyde glue). However, in the production of PSF, stronger and therefore more toxic adhesives are used. Therefore, such plywood is recognized as less environmentally friendly, and it is better to use it outdoors.

FC sheets are the best suited for residential premises.

The thickness of the plywood plays an important role, since it determines how much the base will sag under the influence of the load. To level the surface, the thickness of the sheets must be at least 10 mm, regardless of the number of layers. Most often, plywood sheets are laid in increments of 60 cm, while their thickness is 15-18 mm.

As for choosing a lag for the floor, there are two options:

Wooden
Or from a metal profile.

Obviously, the latter is more durable, however great importance has an indicator of thermal deformation of materials. For plywood and lag material, it should be approximately the same. It is for this reason that the device of plywood floors is carried out on logs made of wood. Priority is given to conifers, the best of which is larch.

Log installation and insulation

Before you start laying the logs and battens with your own hands, you should prepare the base: close up all the cracks, cracks and holes. Then waterproofing from a polyethylene film is laid.

For logs, dry, even boards or bars with a minimum length of 2 m and a size of 50 x 100 mm are used. It is very important that the purchased material rests in the room where the flooring will take place. In addition, the tree must be treated with antiseptics and fire and bioprotection - this way it will last longer.

Logs are not mounted on a screed, but on linings, which can be used as trimmings of timber or boards. Very often, linings are placed on pieces of roofing material or linoleum. To make the surface even, you need to find the zero level, and then mount the first log. First, the strapping is done around the perimeter of the walls.

The distance from the lag to the wall should be 20-30 mm.

After the extreme logs are fixed, proceed to laying the intermediate ones. Each of them is aligned with the previous one. The step between the lags is, as a rule, 40-60 cm. Since plywood sheets will be mounted on top of the lag, it is necessary to take into account the size of the crate cells. Sheets of plywood should lie on the bar so that they do not have to be cut.

Once the frame is ready, you can proceed to the next stage of work. Each cell is filled with insulation, which is most often used mineral wool 50 mm thick. If you want to save money, then you can fill it with expanded clay.

The next step is laying the vapor barrier. It is attached with a construction stapler to the logs on top of the insulation.

plywood laying

Before laying plywood with your own hands, you should prepare sheets: cut them in accordance with the right size, if necessary, make cuts with an electric jigsaw at the corners of the walls and pipes. Installation is carried out as follows:

First, one row is laid out from the window. It is necessary to check the fit of the sheets, mark the points for drilling and fix the plywood with self-tapping screws.
Plywood flooring is done with offset joints, they must necessarily have the shape of the letter "T".
In order for the sheets to hold more securely, it is better to fasten them every 20-40 cm, while the caps of the self-tapping screws should not protrude.

A temperature gap of 3-5 mm is left between the plywood sheets. Then it is sealed with a sealant or wood putty. However, if laminate, parquet or tile is supposed to be the finish, this work can be omitted.
If plywood is laid on the floor in two layers, then the joints of the first layer should not coincide with the joints of the second.
When the installation of plywood is completed, it can be sanded. This method allows you to level the base with your own hands.
The gap left at the wall is closed with a plinth made of wood or PVC.

After the plywood is laid, you can proceed to the device of the finishing layer. The coating can be anything, including laminate. Professionals, however, do not advise using finishing materials on a wooden basis, the laying of which requires the use of cement-based adhesives (porcelain stoneware, tiles). In such cases, a concrete or dry screed is recommended.

Laying plywood on logs is a simple matter. Even without special knowledge, you can level the floor in an apartment or a private house with your own hands without much effort and financial costs. Leave your opinion about the article in the comments or share your editing experience!