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The device of stretch ceilings consumption of materials. Stretch ceilings. Film for stretch ceilings: differences

Stretch ceiling - the only type of ceiling, which is impossible to do on your own. The fact is that for installation you need special equipment, which it makes no sense to buy only in order to make a decent repair in one apartment. Because the device stretch ceilings and entrust to professionals.
Stretch ceilings do this: the material is stretched between the walls and fixed. Their prototype was invented by the ancient Armenians - they took a fabric from cotton, soaked it, stretched it, and when it dried, it formed a smooth surface. A similar technology was used by the French, who are known as the inventors of stretch ceilings, but now non-woven materials are used.

Kinds

This type of ceiling is made from a polyvinyl chloride film, as well as from a polyester fabric, which is a knitted fabric made of polyester impregnated with polyurethane.
There are several types of stretch ceilings: with seams, seamless and fiberglass.
Ceilings with seams are mounted from a PVC film. The strip width is from 1300 to 2200 mm. To obtain a canvas, the strips are welded together using a special technology, and an almost imperceptible seam is formed.
The ceiling film is thin, but very durable, it does not let water through and can withstand it. strong enough pressure. It burns very badly.
A PVC film ceiling is resilient and elastic at room temperature, but when heated, it can sag. As a result, built-in luminaires must have power limitations. If the ceiling cools, it stretches again, however, if the temperature drops to zero, then the canvas becomes brittle and rigid, and collapses at -40. Therefore, it is not used in unheated rooms.
The ceiling canvas is painted to its full thickness even during manufacture, the color palette is very extensive. The texture can also be varied: glossy and matte, wood, leather or marble, Venetian plaster, reminiscent of satin, perforated, embossed, moire and iridescent.
A stretch ceiling made of PVC film can be not only flat, but arched, stepped, multi-level. In any case, he is afraid of sharp objects, and you can wash him very carefully and better with a sponge.
Seamless ceilings are made of polyester fabric. This is a polyester canvas that has been impregnated with a thermosetting polyurethane compound that gives it stability and resilience. From the manufacturer, this fabric is supplied in rolls 4 meters wide, which in most cases allows you to create a ceiling without seams. If you need to connect the panels together, they are sewn together or fastened with a profile, since it is impossible to weld it. This ceiling has high strength, waterproof.
Polyester fabric ceilings have the opposite property of PVC film - they shrink under high temperature. Therefore, during installation, PVC ceilings are first heated and then stretched, while polyester ceilings are stretched and then heated. Initially, such a ceiling can only be matte white, and only then, if the customer wishes, it can be tinted or painted. In addition, such a surface can be applied any image - photo, reproduction, drawing.
Polyester fabric is able to maintain characteristics even at low temperatures, remaining elastic at -30. This property allows them to be used on a loggia or balcony and in other rooms without heating. Unfortunately, such a ceiling cannot be made into a complex shape, and the available choice of surface textures is very limited.
Fiberglass ceiling is a new type of stretch ceiling. They are pulled onto the frame without any heating, mechanically, and then painted in the desired color with water-dispersed paint. Till this technology not worked out perfectly, so if the manufacturer gives a guarantee of 10 years for other types of ceilings, then this one - only 5.

Price

The price of the ceiling increases in sequence from "satin", then go matte, and then - glossy. The color of the ceiling does not affect the price, unless, of course, you require a photo of a person dear to you to be applied to it. It should be borne in mind that the number of corners affects the cost - the more there are, the more expensive the ceiling. In addition, the trapezoidal geometry of the ceiling and semicircular corners increase the price.
The presence of heating pipes in the room leads to an increase in the cost of the ceiling, because the bypass of each will have to be separately measured and cut out. Built-in lamps or chandeliers are paid separately. This point should be discussed immediately at the office of the company. It happens that unscrupulous companies lure customers with low prices, and during the execution it turns out that the chandelier, which the installers removed, is hung back for money. The customer himself cannot do this, because the ceilings cannot be scratched, but the wire must be let out through this ceiling. Therefore, the client has to pay installers, in excess of the price agreed in advance.
Ordinary flat ceilings are the cheapest. Then prices rise - two-level, domed, "dunes", "waves", etc.

Mounting

All PVC film ceilings are arranged according to the same scheme. First on one a fastening and decorative profile, called a baguette, is mounted on a horizontal level around the perimeter of the room. Then the canvas is fixed on baguettes at the corners and heated with a heat gun. The film after that becomes soft and very pliable, it is stretched and fixed in the same baguette. When cooling, the ceiling film shrinks and stretches very tightly. It becomes an absolutely perfect smooth and even ceiling. In its center there is usually a slight sag, but only a few millimeters and it is completely invisible to the eye. Experts advise: if the ceiling has a large area, then it would be good to fix a chandelier in its center. It will play the role of additional fasteners against sagging.
Baguettes are made of PVC and aluminum. The first is lower than the second and is thirty millimeters. This does not mean that it will take a lot of space from the height of the room.

To modern species decorative finishes apartments and houses can be safely attributed to stretch ceilings. A wide range of colors and a glossy surface of the material used make the interior beautiful and practical. A simple technology for installing stretch ceilings allows installation even for a beginner home master.

Fabric for stretch ceilings is made of polyvinyl chloride or fabric impregnated with polyurethane. PVC film withstands loads up to 100 kg per 1 sq.cm.

For example, consider the technology of installing a stretch ceiling made of PVC film. Modern stretch PVC ceilings are able to withstand a lot of water in case of flooding from above. The collected water can be easily removed without removing the ceiling. To give the ceiling its original appearance, it is enough to warm it up with a heat gun over the entire surface.

Stretch ceilings are mounted within a few hours. In practice, installation can be performed by any home master with one assistant. To do this, read the article to the end and read the rules and recommendations.

Necessary materials

Stretch ceilings are mounted on a special profile (baguette). Such a profile is also called harpoon because of the method of attaching the PVC sheet. Stretch ceilings are mounted on a baguette with a special soft profile called a "harpoon".

It is welded to the edge of the canvas. The baguette is produced from aluminum or plastic.

The required measurement accuracy is up to tenths of a centimeter. Dimensions in centimeters are recorded first along the perimeter, and then diagonally.

The amount of baguette corresponds to the perimeter of the room. The profile should fit tightly to each other, so add another 10 cm to the resulting perimeter. This margin will allow you not to make a mistake when trimming the profile at the final stage of fastening.

To fix the profile on the wall, plastic dowels 6 x 40 mm are used. To install fixtures on the ceiling, wooden dies are mounted. For their installation, U-shaped suspensions are used.

To close the gap between the wall and the ceiling canvas, a decorative plug (insert) is used. It must be bought in an amount equal to the amount of the profile (baguette).

For convenient installation of spotlights, plastic platforms and tread rings are used.

PVC fabric can be ordered by size from companies that install stretch ceilings. There you can also buy glue for thermal rings for lighting devices and a flexible plug (plinth) between the canvas and the wall.

Mounting tool

To install a stretch ceiling, you will need the following set of tools:

Water or laser level
Pencil and measuring tape
Heat gun, propane gun
Stretch ceiling spatulas
Clamps for fastening the stretch ceiling fabric
Electric drill or hammer drill
Drill for concrete with a diameter of 6 mm
screwdriver
Painting thread
A hammer
Hacksaw or grinder

Installation technique and principle of operation

The technology of installation of stretch ceilings made of PVC film includes six stages:

markup
Profile fastening (baguette)
Installation of embedded parts for lighting devices
Web tension
Installation of fixtures
Plug installation

Ceiling height

The height of the stretch ceiling can be lowered by 3 cm from the existing ceiling. In the event that recessed luminaires are used, the ceiling is lowered to the height of the luminaire.

For marking, laser or water level. The horizontal plane is determined, and marks are placed on each wall. At the marked points, a line is beaten off with a paint chopping cord.

Drilling holes

Holes 6 cm deep are drilled along the marked lines with a step of 7-15 cm with a 6 mm concrete drill. At the joints, a step of 1-2 cm.

A frequent step will ensure a secure fastening of the profile to the wall. Plastic dowels are hammered into the holes.

It is important to know! The profile must be positioned so that the joint with the adjacent profile does not fall into a corner. It is fastened with self-tapping screws into dowels to the wall and, if necessary, it is cut from the side that is adjacent to the wall, and then bent at the desired angle.

We use plywood to mount the chandelier

Almost any chandeliers and lighting fixtures can be mounted in the ceilings. To fix the chandelier, plywood 10 mm thick and 20 x 20 cm in size is used. It is fixed to the ceiling with U-shaped brackets, dowels and self-tapping screws.

Important to remember! The limitation for spotlights in a stretch ceiling is power. It should not be more than 50 watts.

Before the stretch ceilings are attached to the baguette, the lighting wiring is installed. The wiring is laid in a corrugated sleeve and fastened with clamps to the floor slabs.

Stretching PVC film

When stretching the film pvc room should warm up to +60 degrees. Available indoors houseplants recommended to be removed. Heating is done with a propane heat gun.

At this temperature, the film becomes elastic and it is convenient to work with it. A soft profile for fastening (harpoon) is welded along the edges of the canvas. On the canvas, the manufacturer marks the base angle from which the installation begins.

At two opposite corners, the film is attached to the clips to the profile. When the canvas has warmed up, its harpoon is driven with a spatula into the groove of the baguette until it snaps into place.

The scheme of stretching the canvas looks like this: corners - middle. Important to remember! The film is heated during the entire installation time.

Installing the thermal ring

In the place where the lamp will be (under the plywood blank), a thermal ring is glued. After the glue has dried, the film inside the profile is cut along the contour. Through the hole, a lighting device is attached to the embedded part with wood screws.

A decorative insert (plug) is inserted into the gap between the wall and the stretch ceiling. It will close the gap and hide the small irregularities of the wall. Stretch ceiling installation completed.

To more clearly see how to install stretch ceilings with your own hands, the video below will help you.

LOCAL RESOURCE STATEMENT GESN 15-01-051-02

Name	unit of measurement
Installation of stretch ceilings made of polyvinyl chloride film (PVC) using a harpoon method in rooms with an area of 10 to 50 m2	100 m2 of cladding
Scope of work
01. Marking the level of fixing the baguette (fixing profile) to the wall. 02. Baguette fastening. 03. Heating the room with a heat gun. 04. Fastening the canvas, stretching and fixing in a baguette. 05. Installation of wall corner.

PRICE VALUES

The price lists the direct costs of the work for the period 2000(Federal prices), which are calculated on the basis of regulations 2009. To this value, you need to apply the transition index to current prices.

You can go to the pricing page, which is calculated based on the 2014 revision standards with additions 1
The basis for the use of the composition and consumption of materials, machines and labor costs are GESN-2001

LABOR

№	Name	Unit Change	Labor costs
1	Labor costs of construction workers Rank 5	man-hour	26,04
Total labor costs of workers		man-hour	26,04
Wages of workers = 26.04 x 11.08		Rub.	288,52
Salary of machinists = 1.62 (for calculating invoices and profits)		Rub.	1,62

OPERATION OF MACHINES AND MECHANISMS

№	Cipher	Name	Unit Change	Consumption	St. units. Rub.	Total Rub.
1	134041	screwdriver	mash.-h	7,3	3	21,90
2	331451	Electric perforators	mash.-h	7,3	2,08	15,18
3	332203	Thermal gun with a power of 26-44 kWh	mash.-h	1,46	0,14	0,20
4	400001	Cars onboard, carrying capacity up to 5 tons	mash.-h	0,14	87,17	12,20
Total			Rub.	49,49

CONSUMPTION OF MATERIALS

№	Cipher	Name	Unit Change	Consumption	St. units. Rub.	Total Rub.
1	101-2064	Construction screw with countersunk head	PCS.	0	0,05	0,00
2	101-9102	Expansion dowels polyethylene	10 pieces.	0	0	0,00
3	201-9019	Baguette (fixing profile) wall for stretch ceiling	m	0	0	0,00
4	201-9022	Insert decorative, wall for stretch ceiling	m	0	0	0,00
5	201-9039	Stretch ceiling sheet with PVC edge (harpoon)	m2	0	0	0,00
Total			Rub.	0,00

TOTAL PRICE: RUB 338.02

If you started installing stretch ceilings with your own hands, then you need to know how they are arranged. If you strictly follow the technology, then the installation of stretch ceilings with your own hands will seem simple, and the process itself will go quickly.

What materials will be required?

For installation you will need:

baguette (it is also called a profile);
material for the canvas (film / fabric);
Laser level;
decorative overlay (in the form of a plate), with which the hole formed between the installed structure and the wall is masked;
in order to fasten the baguette to the base coat or to the walls, you will need self-tapping screws and dowels.

So, we decided on the materials, now we need to know what profiles are, and what is their difference.

Baguette

Manufacturers offer aluminum and PVC profiles.

By design, profiles are divided:

The most popular profile is wall-mounted. It is installed on the walls. Fastening is carried out using self-tapping screws and dowels.
If it is impossible to attach the profile to the wall, then in this case choose the ceiling.
If the floor area exceeds 60 sq. m, then in this case a connecting profile is used - separation. However, it is worth noting that with such an area, the probability of sagging of the canvas is very high. To avoid this, it is recommended to install the coverage in the form of separate groups.

Film and fabric

Either a film or a fabric is pulled onto a baguette. The film coating is a perfectly smooth surface. PVC film is matte, glossy and satin. Manufacturers produce it in rolls, the maximum width is 1.8 m.

If you need to connect different pieces of canvas (for example, two different colors or a matte texture with a glossy one), then in this case they are welded. In places of welding receives a seam. However, he should not be afraid. From a distance it is almost invisible.

It should also be noted that this coating is not suitable for unheated premises (frost resistance - "0").

On a note: The fabric coating, unlike the film coating, is not afraid of frost (it tolerates temperature changes very well). The material is produced in rolls, the maximum width is 5.2 m, so in small rooms the surface will be seamless.

Also, the fabric coating does not need to be heated during installation, unlike the film, which must be heated to 80 degrees.

fasteners

There are three mounting methods:

The harpoon method is only suitable for film coating. The harpoons are welded at the factory; you cannot weld the hooks yourself. This method of fastening is considered the most reliable. Since, if necessary, dismantling can be carried out. For this fastening, only aluminum profiles are used.
The glazing bead method is considered universal, suitable for both film and fabric. Its essence lies in the fact that a plastic wedge (glazing bead) securely clamps the canvas in the desired position inside the baguette. This method is considered less expensive compared to the harpoon.
The clip fastening system is only suitable for fabric. The profile for fasteners is used exclusively plastic.

Device technology

Film and fabric coating installation is very similar. The only difference is the method of fastening and heating the room and material (if you choose a film coating) using a heat gun.

The fabric does not need to be heated, as it does not have elasticity and does not stretch when heated.

Instruction:

First of all, you need to correctly apply the markup. To do this, you need to determine the lowest level in the room. Then determine the height of the room.
With the help of the camp level, marks are transferred to the remaining walls. All points are connected with a blue-dyed thread.
A profile is installed along the marked line using dowels and self-tapping screws.
When installing, it is worth considering the location of hidden wires. Their location can be determined using a special device. If it is not there, it is worth considering the fact that the wiring is most often located vertically or horizontally.
Mount consoles under the lamps.
The canvas is stretched in the corners of the room. The room is heated in advance to a temperature of 45 - 50 degrees using a heat gun.
After the film has become soft and elastic, it begins to be attached to the profile. It is worth noting that the film is heated to 65 degrees. Attach the film using the harpoon method. To do this, carefully place the film into the profile with a spatula.
After the canvas has cooled down, it will acquire a perfectly even and smooth surface.
The resulting hole between the wall and the canvas is closed with a decorative overlay, which is purchased along with the mount.

Does dirt remain after installation work?

It is believed that after installation there is no debris left. Theoretically it is. However, not a single construction and finishing work is complete without garbage: profiles are fastened using self-tapping screws and dowels. As a result, dirt and dust are formed.

Despite the fact that workers come with a film and a construction vacuum cleaner, they leave garbage behind. Of course, it is insignificant, but the room will need cleaning.

To prevent dust and construction debris from falling on interior items, at the measurement stage it is necessary to remove all furniture, paintings, indoor flowers and other decor elements.

Care

In order for stretch ceilings to serve for a long time, they must be properly looked after. It is forbidden to use sharp objects when washing the coating, since the film is very “delicate”, it will be easy to spoil it. When washing, also do not press on the ceiling.

Advice: You can clean the canvas from dust and dirt only with a soft sponge or cloth, suede and a napkin are also suitable. If using a brush, make sure the bristles are soft.

The selected agent should not contain solvents and abrasives, as they adversely affect the film (it may crack and deform).

It is enough to wash the coating once every six months. Dry cleaning is carried out more often.

Essence and value

In essence, a stretch ceiling is a fabric that is stretched and fixed on special cornices or profiles. The result is a perfectly smooth surface with high performance properties. The canvas can be fabric, but PVC film canvases are the most popular, they are strong enough, easy to install and operate.

The average cost of a stretch ceiling is commensurate with the cost of plastered. However, the price can vary significantly depending on the type of canvas (mat, satin, gloss) and the country of its production, profiles (plastic or metal), the presence of additional elements (lamps, chandeliers, cornices), the number of corners in the room.

Installation preparation

Walls and ceilings must be properly prepared before hanging the ceiling.

First of all, the walls must be even, that is, at least plastered or sewn with drywall. Particular attention should be paid to the corners, they must be straight. Failure to comply with the configuration of the corners can have very sad consequences. If, for certain reasons, the angle is not right ( architectural solution, design move), then this must be taken into account when making measurements.

The ceiling must be cleaned of the old coating, especially putty, thoroughly dried. Interpanel and docking seams must be carefully sealed - foamed or smeared with special mastic. The use of putties for this purpose is not recommended.

For complete certainty, it is desirable to prime the surface of the ceiling. This will not take much time, but it will definitely protect you from fine dust and grains of sand, which, crumbling onto the film, can spoil its appearance.

Required Tools

Of the global adaptations, it is required, first of all, heat gun and a gas bottle.

Everything else can be found in any garage or pantry:

Building water level. The bigger, the better;

Laser level. It is indispensable when beating the fastening lines of baguettes, it is very risky and difficult to use the usual level at this stage;

Roulette. At least along the length of the largest wall;

Perforator. Depending on the type of walls, you can get by with a good drill, or you need a powerful percussion tool;

Screwdriver. It should be very compact, since you will have to work under the very ceiling;

Flat spatula or spatula. Several are better.

Plus, depending on the height of the ceiling, you need one or more stairs, or reliable tables.

Mounting technology

The installation technology of a stretch ceiling is very simple and does not take much time. Initially, the room is carefully measured, at this stage all the nuances regarding the number and location of light sources, the arrangement of the frame and other things are agreed upon. The data thus obtained serve as the basis for the manufacture of all components by the manufacturer. A ready-made set of components is mounted directly on site. Heated above 65 degrees, the film is stretched from corner to corner and tucked into pre-assembled profiles. Heating is carried out by a heat gun directly at the installation site. The canvas can be installed on the frame using cam, wedge or harpoon mounts.

Choice of mounting method

Mounting technology is largely determined by which mounting mechanism is selected. The cam method uses a special profile rigidly fixed to the wall. One side of the profile is adjacent to the wall, the other is a spring-loaded cam. Using a spatula or a conventional spatula, the edge of the polyvinyl film folded in half is tucked under the cam, which securely fixes it. Stretching, the canvas creates additional pressure, which catches the barb of the springy cam and presses it even harder.

The wedge installation method is more common. With this technology, a baguette is attached around the perimeter of the room, which has two landing grooves. The edge of the film is wrapped in the first of them, after which a special wedge (glazing bead) is hammered. The film wedged in this way is securely held in the baguette. The protruding edge of the film is cut off, after which a decorative strip is inserted into the second groove, which hides the film landing site and gives the whole structure additional rigidity.

Third possible way fastening is harpoon technology. In this case, along the perimeter of the finished film, cut according to the size of the room, welded plastic profile resembling a harpoon. The harpoon is inserted into the seat on the baguette and securely fixed there with the help of a hook-hook. This technology has a number of advantages over others, in particular, it allows the harmless removal of the film, and saves installation time directly on site, since most of the work is done with preliminary preparation. The fastening mechanism is closed with a decorative plinth.

Mounting procedure

The first thing to do before starting installation work- determine the depth of the ceiling landing. Having chosen the depth, you need to mark it on one of the walls, and then use the building level to transfer it to all corners. According to the ready-made angular landmarks, draw mounting lines around the entire perimeter. Using the broken control lines as a basis, mounting baguettes are mounted. Baguettes are fixed with dowels of small diameter (6-8 mm) and screws of the required length.

At this stage, it is important to be especially careful, since electrical wiring can often be found at the level of the mount. To avoid damage, you should first evaluate the location of the wires, the sockets, switches and electrical boxes present will help with this. If it is impossible or dangerous to fix the wall profile under the existing conditions, it is better to use the ceiling profile.

After installing the baguettes, we proceed to arrange places for future chandeliers and lamps. For mounting all types of lighting fixtures, embedded consoles are installed. There are many ready-made options, but if necessary, they can be made with your own hands using plywood or OSB. Consoles are attached to the ceiling in the right places, and wires are led out through them.

The next step is hanging the film. To do this, the canvas is unfolded and, with the help of special tongs, is attached to the baguettes at the corners of the room. All flammable substances and objects that are contraindicated in high temperature should be removed from the room.

With a heat gun connected to gas cylinder, carefully warm the canvas over the entire area to 70 degrees. This stage requires accuracy, since high temperatures can quite easily damage furniture and room furnishings. The heated film is stuffed into baguettes. You can perform this procedure using a conventional construction spatula or a special spatula. In essence, there is no difference, each master is characterized by his own acquired technique. The result in any case should be at a high level. If there are small wrinkles or small folds on the ceiling, do not be sad, as the film cools, it will stretch and they will disappear.