Density of wet sand kg m3. Density of quarry sand. The use of different compositions of quarry sand
The average density of sand is an important indicator on which the performance properties of the substance and the future parameters of the concrete building mixture, the strength and stability of buildings, as well as the possible consumption of raw materials directly depend. It shows how much sand is contained in one unit of volume, which is taken as a cubic meter (1 m3).
The amount of a substance that fits in 1 m3 strongly depends on the type of sand - for example, fine building sand is more dense than medium-sized sand, since in the first case the gaps between the individual particles of the building material are much smaller, and a large mass fits into one cubic meter.
This parameter is closely related to such material indicators as voidness and moisture, the degree of compaction and porosity. The features and correctness of the measurement of parameters can also introduce a certain error into the final result. Between these factors there is the following relationship: the greater the void between the particles and the moisture content of the substance, the smaller the bulk characteristic and the less pure sand fits in a cubic meter. This rule identical for humidity, but with the opposite sign - due to the adhesion of fractions, the wet building material is compacted.
Also, the density depends on the structure of the grains, with a decrease in the size of which this characteristic grows, and also on the content of clay and other impurities. For the above reasons, the density of river sand is usually higher (average coefficient 1.5) than that of purified sand (for construction, the ratio is 1.4).
What varieties are found?
Density in kg / m3 is an ambiguous characteristic that has two main varieties that differ in definition, some features and measurement methods:
- True. It is the ratio of body weight (in this case dry sand) to its volume and is measured in kg/m3. This does not take into account free voids between individual particles, that is, we are talking about the density of the material in a compressed state. True density (like any other substance) is a constant value.
- Bulk density. An indicator that takes into account not only the volume of the substance itself, as in the previous case, but also all the existing gaps between the particles. Bulk is always less than the true and average density, measured in kg / m3.
There is also an average value, which has already been mentioned above.
Options various kinds material
As mentioned earlier, the density varies greatly depending on the properties of the raw material. The following table is intended to help track this fact:
Thus, one cubic meter of dry sand will have a mass of 1200 to 1700 kilograms, and a cube of wet sand will have a mass of 1920.
The table does not reflect all types - a more extended list with the coefficients necessary to calculate the density of raw materials can be found in reference sources.
In order to measure the density, the following methods are used on site:
- Apply conversion factors that differ for each type of material. This method is not entirely accurate, since the measurement error can reach 5%. With large quantities of raw materials, the losses amount to more than one cubic meter!
- Weighing bulk raw materials (for example, river) together with a vessel completely filled with it, after which the calculation is made by dividing the mass of sand by the volume of the vessel.
The determination of bulk density plays an important role in construction, since the number of cubes of raw materials required for the work largely depends on its value. This is especially important in cases where every cubic meter counts.
Without sand, the construction industry will simply stop. It is required for mixing mortar, drainage, making bricks, concrete, plaster, glass. It is mined in three ways: washing, sifting, open method. He has physical parameters. For example, the bulk density of construction sand affects its unconsolidated amount during delivery in bags or in bulk in a dump truck.
Distinctive characteristic
Sand is divided into 2 types:
- career,
- river.
An important indicator good quality is the degree of density. It depends on how much sand is contained in 1 m³. It, in turn, depends on moisture content and porosity. For one-time home construction, this indicator is not calculated separately, but the average number taken according to the norm is taken. However, in the professional field, the strength and durability of the erected objects depend on this parameter. In addition, it can be used to determine the total amount of bulk building material.
The density of natural building sand is 1.3-1.8 t / m³. This difference is due to the admixture of clay (the more it is, the higher the indicator), as well as its extraction of sand of construction quarry origin. This figure helps to determine the quality of the grain composition, for example:
How to calculate quantity using density?
Mass is calculated by the formula: m=Vxp (m - mass, V - volume, p - density). Let's say you need to find out its amount in 10 m³, then the data is substituted in this way:
m = 10 x 1.3 = 13 t.
Here, an average density p of 1.3 t/m³ was used.
Always keep in mind that insufficient density means increased voidness. Then the preparation of the solution will require an increase in the amount of binders. Why is it unprofitable for construction? An increase in the volume of binders increases the cost and cost of the concrete solution. As a result, the construction of objects becomes unprofitable in terms of payback. This is important for construction companies. In private housing construction, the rise in prices will not have an impact on costs, because its scale is much smaller.
An increase in humidity will lead to a decrease in density. This is due to the adhesion of fractions. At the same time, the decrease continues until the humidity reaches 10%. Further growth increases the volume of the liquid, it fills the free space, the density begins to increase. A constant change in the parameter changes the quality of the concrete mixture. Here it is important that the norms are respected during deliveries.
How to measure it by hand? Sand is poured into a 10-liter bucket from a height of 10 cm. The bucket should be filled completely with the formation of a slide. It is cut strictly horizontally to obtain a guaranteed smooth surface of a filled bucket. This amount of sand is weighed, then the density is calculated. To do this, divide the mass by volume: the resulting kilograms are converted into tons, divided by 0.01 m3. An even more accurate calculation is obtained if measurements are taken twice. Then they are summed up, divided by 2.
Other calculation methods
This characteristic is taken into account when drawing up a project for earthworks. The loose type of soil allows you to apply the pitting method. To do this, the soil is dug out in the form of a small pit (pit), the displaced sand is placed in a special container for weighing. A tin cone is placed above the hole, Determination of the density of building sand, which is covered with dry sand. Next, the volume of the pit is determined, from which the volume of suspended sand is subtracted. This method is quite simple, it gives only hypothetical calculations, so the radiometric method is sometimes used. It is based on the use of radioactive radiation. This parameter is estimated by the ability of sand to absorb and scatter this radiation.
Average additional quantities of quarry sand:
- radioactivity - class 1;
- bulk density 1.4 t/m³;
- grain density 2.6 g/cm³;
- clay content 1.9%.
Average additional characteristics of river sand:
- class A radioactivity (47 Bq/kg);
- bulk density is 1.4±0.1 t/m³;
- the amount of impurities 0.1%.
Voidness is determined by bulk density. This value can be measured independently in the following way: a sample is poured into a measuring vessel with a volume of 1 liter and weighed. If the humidity is too high, then the sample is placed in a 10 l vessel, then the values are converted to the required values. The content of clay impurities reduces the bulk density, degrades the quality of the material. Plasters, high-quality concrete, various mortars cannot be made from sand with a high clay content, because they reduce frost resistance and strength.
When calculating the volume, several the most important indicators, one of them is the density of the sand. The performance properties of the prepared mixture for a particular building object and its main parameters are influenced by the bulk density of sand (average). In the price list of IdealTrade, prices are indicated in rubles per m3, therefore, knowing the average density of sand (kg / m3), one can estimate the costs of construction in general.
Factors affecting the formation of density
One of the physical characteristics of sand, its degree of density, determines what volume will occupy the same amount by weight. Sand density, kg/m3, depends on the following criteria:
- , i.e. - grain sizes: fine-grained sand fractions are denser, larger ones have a smaller size.
- and porosity of the material: this criterion shows the volume of voids in the bulk material. The reduction in friability is due to several factors, such as: dynamic effects and vibrations, moisture saturation, pressing, etc.
Sand density, kg/m3 is shown in the table:
- Moisture indicators - the bulk density of sand (kg per m3) is formed based on the conditions of humidity: with its growth to 10%, the volume increases in proportion to the decrease in density; with moisture saturation up to 20%, air is displaced by water and the weight of one cubic meter increases. The density of river sand, kg m3, judging by the data in the table, is higher than similar materials.
- Impurity content: the presence of particles of dust, clay, mica, crushed stone, gypsum, stone chips, etc. will definitely affect the characteristics and properties bulk material. Alluvial (cleaned with water) sand becomes much cleaner and a little more expensive.
Our advantages
In the company "IdealTrade" - a pro in the market of non-metallic materials - all resources comply with GOST standards, as we constantly monitor product quality.
Sand is a loose natural material obtained as a result of the natural destruction of rocks under the influence of external factors. It may contain a small amount of various impurities. It is used in almost all types of construction. To properly mix the solution, you need to know the density of the sand, since the proportions of the remaining components depend on it. It also affects the volume of purchases, for example, for arranging a pillow under the foundation.
What is density and what does it depend on?
Density shows how many grains of sand in kilograms are placed in 1 m3. It is measured in kg / m3, sometimes in t / m3 or g / cm3 (this indicator affects). But this value is not always constant, as it can change depending on the following conditions:
1. Grain size. It happens fine-, medium- and coarse-grained. The larger the grain of sand, the lower the density, and, conversely, the finer ones fit more densely. Coarse and medium-sized sands are used for the manufacture of building materials and masonry mortars, while fine-grained sands are used for the production of dry building mixtures.
2. Porosity. Shows the number of voids. The high porosity option has a lower density. If it is loose, then the value is 47%, if compacted - 37%. The degree of porosity decreases when the sand grains are saturated with moisture, as they are enveloped in water and the voids between them disappear. It also decreases after transportation, as during movement everything is compacted due to vibration. Different fractions have different degrees of porosity. For building sand from large and medium grains, it is 0.55, for fine sand - 0.75. The denser it is laid, the greater the load from the foundation is able to withstand and distribute it more evenly.
3. Moisture coefficient. Before buying, be sure to check the degree. The more water it contains, the lower the density. The weight of 1 m3 of raw sand differs significantly from the same amount of dry sand.
4. Impurities. Depending on their volume, the density of sand kg/m3 also changes. It may contain clay, dust, salt, gypsum and more. The density of pure material is about 1300 kg/m3, with clay impurities - 1800 kg/m3. To remove contaminants, it is washed, but because of this, the cost increases markedly.
Types and prices
There are several types of densities:
- true;
- bulk (medium).
The first type is otherwise called specific gravity, it is also measured in kg / m3. The true density shows how much is in one cubic meter of bulk building material, without taking into account the voids between the grains. Calculate it in laboratories empirically. Its value for non-metallic sandy rock is 2500 kg/m3.
Bulk density shows the amount in one cubic meter, taking into account voids and gaps. Its value is always less than the true value. To measure it, you need a bucket of 10 liters. Sand in the usual uncompacted state is poured from a height of 10 cm from the edge of the container, until a slide appears above it. As soon as the bucket is full, the excess is leveled with a metal ruler, while not compacting the sand, after which the container is placed on the scales. The result obtained must be divided by the number 0.01, which means the volume of the bucket, converted to cubic meters. For example, sand weighs 16.5 kg, it is equal to: 16.5 / 0.01 = 1650 kg / m3. In this case, it is convenient to use the formula P=M/V, where P is the density, M is the mass, V is the volume. And, conversely, knowing the compaction index, it is calculated how much the bulk building material weighs, for this it is multiplied by the volume of the container - M \u003d P * V.
The true density of building sand is a constant value. For calculations, the average value is used. Prices vary depending on its type, purity and size of fractions. Uncleaned is much cheaper than washed. Therefore, if a small batch is required, then unwashed sand can be purchased and cleaned of impurities on its own, especially if it is necessary for the construction of an unloaded structure. If you need to make a foundation, then you should purchase only clean and high-quality material. Clay and other impurities reduce the degree of adhesion of grains of sand to cement, which reduces the strength grade of concrete.
Table with prices at which you can buy building sand:
When choosing sand, one should take into account: the lower its density, the more binder powder is required to fill the voids between the grains of sand and connect all the components, as a result, the cost of the mortar increases.
The degree of radioactivity of most bulk building materials is the first, but it is better to check the quality certificates, especially if it will be used to build a house, in this case only the first class should be.
| The name of the sand, type or variety. | Other name. | Bulk density or specific gravity in grams per cm3. | Bulk density or specific gravity in kilograms per m3. | - | - | - |
| Dry. | Dry sand. | 1.2 - 1.7 | 1200 - 1700 | - | - | - |
| River. | 1.5 - 1.52 | 1500 - 1520 | - | - | - | |
| River compacted. | Sand from the river, washed without clay fraction. | 1.59 | 1590 | - | - | - |
| River grain size 1.6 - 1.8. | Sand from the river, sand mined in the river, sand from the bottom of the river. | 1.5 | 1500 | - | - | - |
| River alluvial. | Sand from the river, sand washed up in the river, sand from the bottom of the river obtained by the alluvial method. | 1.65 | 1650 | - | - | - |
| River washed coarse-grained. | Coarse-grained sand from the washed river. | 1.65 | 1400 - 1600 | - | - | - |
| Building. | sand for construction, sand for construction and finishing works, sand used and applied in construction. | 1.68 | 1680 | - | - | - |
| Construction dry loose. | Sand for construction, sand for construction and finishing works, sand used and used in construction. | 1.44 | 1440 | - | - | - |
| Construction dry compacted. | Compacted sand for construction, compacted sand for construction and finishing works, compacted sand used and used in construction. | 1.68 | 1680 | - | - | - |
| Career. | Quarry sand, quarry sand. | 1.5 | 1500 | - | - | - |
| Quarry fine-grained. | Fine-grained sand from a quarry, fine sand mined in a quarry. | 1.7 - 1.8 | 1700 - 1800 | - | - | - |
| Quartz regular. | Sand from quartz. | 1.4 - 1.9 | 1400 - 1900 | - | - | - |
| Quartz dry. | Sand from quartz. | 1.5 - 1.55 | 1500 - 1550 | - | - | - |
| Quartz sealed. | Sand from quartz. | 1.6 - 1.7 | 1600 - 1700 | - | - | - |
| Nautical. | Sand from the sea, sand from the seabed. | 1.62 | 1620 | - | - | - |
| Gravely. | Sand mixed with gravel. | 1.7 - 1.9 | 1700 - 1900 | - | - | - |
| Dusty. | Sand mixed with dust. | 1.6 - 1.75 | 1600 - 1750 | - | - | - |
| Dusty compacted. | Compacted sand with an admixture of dust. | 1.92 - 1.93 | 1920 - 1930 | - | - | - |
| Dusty water-saturated. | Sand mixed with dust. | 2.03 | 2030 | - | - | - |
| Natural. | 1.3 - 1.5 | 1300 - 1500 | - | - | - | |
| Natural coarse. | Sand in natural origin, usually quartz. | 1.52 - 1.61 | 1520 - 1610 | - | - | - |
| Natural medium grain. | Sand in natural origin, usually quartz. | 1.54 - 1.64 | 1540 - 1640 | - | - | - |
| For construction works- normal humidity according to GOST. | Construction sand. | 1.55 - 1.7 | 1550 - 1700 | - | - | - |
| Expanded clay grade 500 - 1000. | Sand from expanded clay. | 0.5 - 1.0 | 500 - 1000 | - | - | - |
| Expanded clay size of firm grains (particles) - fraction 0.3. | Sand from expanded clay. | 0.42 - 0.6 | 420 - 600 | - | - | - |
| Expanded clay size of firm grains (particles) - fraction 0.5. | Sand from expanded clay. | 0.4 - 0.55 | 400 - 550 | - | - | - |
| Mountain. | Quarry sand. | 1.5 - 1.58 | 1500 - 1580 | - | - | - |
| Fireclay. | Chamotte sand. | 1.4 | 1400 | - | - | - |
| Forming normal humidity in accordance with GOST. | Sand for molding parts, foundry sand, sand for molds and casting. | 1.71 | 1710 | - | - | - |
| Perlite. | Expanded perlite sand. | 0.075 - 0.4 | 75 - 400 | - | - | - |
| Perlite dry. | Expanded dry perlite sand. | 0.075 - 0.12 | 75 - 120 | - | - | - |
| Ravine. | Sand lying in ravines, sand from a ravine. | 1.4 | 1400 | - | - | - |
| Alluvial. | Alluvial sand, alluvial sand. | 1.65 | 1650 | - | - | - |
| Medium size. | Medium sand. | 1.63 - 1.69 | 1630 - 1690 | - | - | - |
| Large. | Coarse sand. | 1.52 - 1.61 | 1520 - 1610 | - | - | - |
| Medium grained. | Medium grain sand. | 1.63 - 1.69 | 1630 - 1690 | - | - | - |
| Small. | Fine grained sand. | 1.7 - 1.8 | 1700 - 1800 | - | - | - |
| Washed. | Washed sand from which soil, clay and dust fractions are removed. | 1.4 - 1.6 | 1400 - 1600 | - | - | - |
| Compacted. | Sand artificially compacted and rammed. | 1.68 | 1680 | - | - | - |
| Medium density. | Sand of normal density, normal, medium density for construction work. | 1.6 | 1600 | - | - | - |
| Wet. | Sand with high water content. | 1.92 | 1920 | - | - | - |
| Wet compacted. | Sand with a high water content is compacted. | 2.09 - 3.0 | 2090 - 3000 | - | - | - |
| Wet. | Sand with high humidity, which differs from normal according to GOST. | 2.08 | 2080 | - | - | - |
| Water-saturated. | Sand deposited in an aquifer. | 3 - 3.2 | 3000 - 3200 | - | - | - |
| Enriched. | Sand after enrichment. | 1.5 - 1.52 | 1500 - 1520 | - | - | - |
| Slag. | Sand from slag. | 0.7 - 1.2 | 700 - 1200 | - | - | - |
| Porous sand from slag melts. | Slag sand. | 0.7 - 1.2 | 700 - 1200 | - | - | - |
| Swollen. | Perlite and vermiculite sands. | 0.075 - 0.4 | 75 - 400 | - | - | - |
| Vermiculite. | Swollen sands. | 0.075 - 0.4 | 75 - 400 | - | - | - |
| Inorganic porous. | Porous light sand of inorganic origin. | 1.4 | 1400 | - | - | - |
| Pumice. | Pumice sand. | 0.5 - 0.6 | 500 - 600 | - | - | - |
| Aggloporite. | Sand obtained after the burnout of minerals - burnout of the original rock. | 0.6 - 1.1 | 600 - 1100 | - | - | - |
| diatomite. | Sand is diatomaceous. | 0.4 | 400 | - | - | - |
| Tuff. | The sand is tuff. | 1.2 - 1.6 | 1200 - 1600 | - | - | - |
| Eolian. | Natural sand formed naturally as a result of eolian weathering of hard rocks. | 2.63 - 2.78 | 2630 - 2780 | - | - | - |
| The ground is sand. | Sand in natural occurrence, soil with a very high content of sand. | 2.66 | 2660 | - | - | - |
| Sand and gravel. |
Construction Materials. | sand 1.5 - 1.7 and crushed stone 1.6 - 1.8 | sand 1500 - 1700 and crushed stone 1600 - 1800 | - | - | - |
| Sand and cement. | Construction Materials. | sand 1.5 - 1.7 and cement 1.0 - 1.1 | sand 1500 - 1700 and cement 1000 - 1100 | - | - | - |
| Sand and gravel. | A mixture of sand and gravel. | 1.53 | 1530 | - | - | - |
| The sandy-gravel mixture is compacted. | A mixture of sand and gravel. | 1.9 - 2.0 | 1900 - 2000 | - | - | - |
| The battle of the usual red clay brick. | Sand obtained by crushing red ceramic brick clay. | 1.2 | 1200 | - | - | - |
| Mullite. | Mullite sand. | 1.8 | 1800 | - | - | - |
| Mullite-corundum. | Mullite-corundum sand. | 2.2 | 2200 | - | - | - |
| Corundum. | Corundum sand. | 2.7 | 2700 | - | - | - |
| Cordierite. | Cordierite sand. | 1.3 | 1300 | - | - | - |
| magnesite. | Magnesite sand. | 2 | 2000 | - | - | - |
| Periclasospinel. | The sand is periclase spinel. | 2.8 | 2800 | - | - | - |
| from blast furnace slag. | Slag sand from blast-furnace slag. | 0.6 - 2.2 | 600 - 2200 | - | - | - |
| From waste slag. | Slag sand from waste slag. | 0.6 - 2.2 | 600 - 2200 | - | - | - |
| from granular slag. | Slag sand from granular slag. | 0.6 - 2.2 | 600 - 2200 | - | - | - |
| From slag pumice. | The sand is slag pumice. | 1.2 | 1200 | - | - | - |
| from ferrotitanium slag. | The sand is slag pumice. | 1.7 | 1700 | - | - | - |
| Titanium aluminous. | Titanium aluminous sand. | 1.7 | 1700 | - | - | - |
| Basaltic. | Sand from basalt. | 1.8 | 1800 | - | - | - |
| Diabase. | Sand from diabase. | 1.8 | 1800 | - | - | - |
| Andesite. | Andesite sand. | 1.7 | 1700 | - | - | - |
| Diorite. | Diorite sand. | 1.7 | 1700 | - | - | - |
| From scrap heat-resistant concrete with fireclay filler. | Sand from heat-resistant concrete scrap with fireclay aggregate. | 1.4 | 1400 | - | - | - |
As you have already noticed, it is quite difficult to find a clear answer to a specific question on the Internet: what is the density of sand or its specific gravity. A search engine, such as Yandex or Google, provides a lot of information. But all of it is rather "indirect" in nature, rather than accurate and understandable. The search engine selects various references, snippets of phrases, lines from large and obscure tables of the specific gravity of building materials, in which the values \u200b\u200bof the different systems units. "In passing" on the sites "falls out" a large number of"additional" information. Mainly: according to the types and varieties of sand, its use, application, origin, mineralogical composition, color, solid particle size, color, impurities, mining methods, cost, price of sand and so on. Which adds uncertainty, inconvenience to normal people who want to quickly find an accurate and understandable answer: how much is the density of sand in grams per cm3. We decided to “correct the situation” by bringing together data on different types sand into one common table. Having excluded in advance the “superfluous”, in our opinion, “passing” information of a general nature. And indicating in the table only exact data, what is the density of sand.
What is the density of sand or its specific gravity (volumetric gravity, specific gravity - synonyms)? The density of sand is the weight that fits in a unit of volume, which is most often considered cm3. Quite objectively, the issue is complicated by such a situation that the sand itself has many types that differ in mineralogical composition, the size of the fraction of solid particles in the sand, and the amount of impurities contained. Impurities in the sand can be clay, dust, crushed stone, stone chips and larger stones. Naturally, the presence of impurities will immediately affect the sand density determined by laboratory methods. But most of all, the density of sand will be affected by its humidity. Wet sand is heavier, weighs more and immediately significantly increases the specific gravity per unit volume of this material. What is related to its value when buying and selling. For example, if you want to buy sand by weight, then its sale should be tied to the so-called normal moisture content, determined by GOST. Otherwise, by buying wet or damp sand, you run the risk of losing a lot on its total amount. In any case, for the consumer, it is much better to buy sand measured in units of volume, such as cubic meters (m3), than in units of weight (kg, tons). The moisture content of sand affects its density, but has very little effect on volume. Although there are some "subtleties" here. More dense wet and wet sand, occupies a slightly smaller volume than dry sand. Sometimes this needs to be taken into account. The specific gravity of the sand contained in the selected volume, that is, the density, will largely be affected by the “laying method” of it. Here, it is understood that sand of the same type can be: in a state of natural occurrence, be under the influence of the weighing effect of water, be artificially compacted or simply poured. In each case, we have absolutely different meanings how much is the density of this type of sand. Naturally, it is difficult to reflect all this diversity in one table. Some data must be sought in the specialized literature.
Among all the numerous options for the density of dry sand, only one is usually of practical interest to site visitors - this is bulk density. It is for her that we give the values \u200b\u200bof the specific gravity of dry sand in the table. It is useful to know that there is another density - this is the true density of dry sand. How to define it? It is determined by laboratory methods or calculated by a formula. Although, it is more convenient to use the reference data in a special table. The true density of dry sand gives us a different specific gravity - a theoretical one, which is always much higher than those values of the specific gravity of dry sand that are used in practice and are considered technological characteristics of the material. With some reservations, the true specific gravity of dry sand can be considered the density of solid particles (grains) included in its composition. By the way, when determining the bulk density, and hence the technological specific gravity of dry sand, the size of the grains also plays a certain role. This characteristic of the material is called grain size. In this case, in this table we are considering medium-grained dry sand. Coarse-grained and fine-grained are used less often and their specific gravity values may differ slightly. Not only the grain size, but the mineralogical composition of this free-flowing building material may be different. This table shows the bulk density of a material consisting predominantly of quartz grains. Quantity and weight are measured in kilograms (kg) and tons (t). However, let's not forget about other types of material. On our site you can find more specific information that is rarely found on the Internet.
Note.The table shows the density of sand of the following types: river ordinary, river natural, river compacted, river with a grain size of 1.6 - 1.8, river alluvial, river washed coarse-grained, construction ordinary, construction loose, construction compacted, quarry ordinary, quarry fine-grained, quartz natural, dry quartz, compacted quartz, marine, gravelly, dusty, compacted dusty, water-saturated dusty, natural, natural coarse-grained, natural medium-grained, for construction work of normal humidity according to GOST, expanded clay grade 500 - 1000, expanded clay with a hard grain size of 0.3, expanded clay with a size hard grains 0.5, mountain, fireclay, molding with normal humidity according to GOST, perlite, dry perlite, ravine, alluvial, medium size, large, medium-grained, fine, washed, compacted, medium density, wet, wet compacted, moist, water-saturated, enriched , slag, porous from slag melts, vermic ulite, expanded, inorganic porous, pumice, aggloporite, diatomite, tuff, aeolian, soil sand, sandy gravel mixture, sandy gravel mixture compacted, from the breakage of ordinary red clay ceramic bricks, mullite, mullite-corundum, corundum, cordierite, magnesite, periclase spinel, from blast-furnace slag, waste slag, granulated slag, slag pumice, ferrotitanium slag, titanium-alumina, basalt, diabase, andesite, diorite, from heat-resistant concrete scrap with fireclay filler and some other types.
