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Tank culture analysis for men. Pap smear for infections in men: procedure and possible results. Diseases of the urinary organs

For the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the genitourinary organs, specific tests are needed. One of them is a swab from the urethra in men. This is a simple but informative analysis. It gives an objective assessment of the state of the genitourinary system.

Swab instruments

To take a smear on the flora from the urethra, the following instruments are used:

Special probe with a "brush" at the end (most often used). It is inserted into the urethra to a depth of 1.5-2 cm, rotated 2-3 times, then removed. The bristles located at the end of the probe scrape off the epithelial cells of the inner part of the urethra. It is wrong to call such an analysis a smear - this is a scraping. It gives complete information, because it contains a sufficient number of epithelial cells in which pathogenic microorganisms live.
Volkmann's spoon (a tool with a spoon-shaped end 2–4 mm wide). It is inserted into the urethra and rotated several times, collecting the contents from the walls. After that, the instrument is removed, and the resulting material is applied to the glass for further research. A smear does not give a complete picture, because it is possible to take not a large number of epithelial cells. The intercellular environment is mainly studied, but not the epithelial cells.

Bacteriological loop. It is inserted to a depth of up to 2 cm, pressed against the canal wall and removed. To avoid pain, rotational movements do not. The content of the loop is applied to the glass with thin strokes.
Cotton or dacron swab with applicator. It is inserted to a depth of up to 4 cm, and then removed with a rotational movement. The contents of the urethra, which remained at the tip of the tampon and the applicator, are examined.

In Russia, another method of taking a smear on the flora from the urethra has been patented - using a Nelaton catheter and a syringe. He takes for analysis the mucous membrane of the back of the urethral canal without pain.

Part of the smear is applied to the preparation glass. The material dries, then it is stained with the appropriate dye and examined under a microscope. If there is little data for diagnosis, the scraping is subjected to molecular PCR analysis, and an immunofluorescence reaction (MFA) is additionally performed. Part of the scraping is placed in a test tube for planting on the flora. The results of the analysis are ready in 5-7 days.

Why is a scraping needed?

Scraping analysis reveals pathogens: fungi, microbes and protozoa, which are the causative agents of many diseases.

Diseases of the urinary organs:

prostatitis;
cystitis;
candidiasis;

Venereal diseases:

chlamydia;
ureaplasmosis;
gonorrhea;
trichomoniasis;
some types of balanoposthitis;
mycoplasmosis.

After taking a smear from the urethra, the urologist can determine the causative agent of the infection, diagnose the disease and the nature of its course, and prescribe a suitable antibacterial drug.

the appearance of discharge of white, yellow-green or other color with bad smell from the urethral canal;
rash in the genital area;
frequent urge to urinate, sometimes "empty";
pain or when urinating;
the appearance in the urine of pus, blood, impurities;
discomfort in the urethra;
pain in the penis;
redness and swelling of the head of the penis;
infertility.

Smears are taken for preventive examination and during treatment for the purpose of control. Many men are afraid of such an analysis, they do not turn to a urologist, starting the course of the disease. But the procedure is tolerated without severe pain and gives an accurate diagnosis, so you do not need to refuse it if necessary.

Preparing to take a scraping

For the accuracy of the result of the analysis of scrapings from the male urethra, the following preparation is carried out:

2-3 days before taking a scraping, sexual intercourse is stopped.
A week before the scraping, stop taking medications.
The night before (but not before going to the doctor) conduct a thorough hygiene procedures genitals. If the discharge is plentiful and you need a morning toilet, use clean water without soap.
Do not urinate 2-3 hours before the procedure.
Do not accept alcoholic drinks the day before and on the day of sampling.

The procedure is not performed if there is damage to the urethra or the patient is taking medications(especially antibiotics)

Scraping

Consider how a smear is taken. The procedure lasts 1.5–2 minutes. It is performed by a urologist using an exclusively sterile disposable instrument. The doctor determines the sampling technique and the instrument with which the scraping is taken based on the purpose of the analysis. Test tubes or glass, where the seized material for research is placed, must be 100% sterile. Sometimes, before the test, they massage the prostate or urethra with a probe.

When taking a smear from the urethra, men sometimes experience pain. This happens due to the fact that the bristles of the probe, removing the layer of the epithelium, injure (sometimes even spotting appears). The intensity of pain largely depends on the skill of the doctor and the condition of the urethra: the inflammatory process damages the mucous membrane of the urethra, which makes contact with it painful. Private clinics, at the request of the patient, take a painless scraping from the urethra, but more often the scraping has mild pain and is well tolerated without anesthesia. If the pain does not subside after 3-4 days, or new discharge appears, you should consult a doctor.

Patient reviews

Men note that after a smear from the urethra, it is painful to write for the first 1-2 days. Urinating under running warm water will help ease this process. To reduce severe pain, special gels are used, which are injected into the urethra with a syringe without a needle.

The opinions of men who were swabbed for flora differ. Some note that there is nothing wrong with the procedure: it is practically painless, accompanied by slight discomfort, which quickly passes.

Other men claim that the pain was, but tolerable, and it was painful to urinate the first 2-3 times. But there are also such patients who note severe pain when taking an analysis, painful urination for 2-3 days, constant. All this can exist in inflammatory processes.

What can be in a smear?

Analysis of a scraping taken from the urethra of a healthy man contains the following cells:

The epithelium of the inner surface of the urethra - 5-10 units. Their increase also indicates an inflammatory process, because during inflammation, exfoliation of the epithelium is accelerated. If there are altered cells, this is a sign of a neoplasm.
Leukocytes. These are cells immune system, in the amount of 0–5 in the field of view. An increase in their number indicates a possible inflammation and the development of prostatitis or urethritis.

There is mucus in the urethra to moisten it, so a small amount of it is present in the analysis. The amount of mucus is indicated by several plus signs. Normally, the designation "++" is allowed. More icons indicate the presence of an infection.

Pathogenic microorganisms such as cocci (except gonococci) are allowed. They belong to the group of conditionally pathogenic microbes and provoke the disease under favorable conditions for them. Their increased content is a sign of urethritis.

There should not be any other pathogenic microorganisms in the scraping.

The causative agents of infection in the analysis

Gonorrhea is the causative agent of gonorrhea. Detected candida is a sign of thrush. Erythrocytes indicate the presence of blood, which happens with injuries, tumors in the urethra or ulcerative urethritis. It is imperative to undergo a course of treatment if chlamydia, mycoplasma or ureaplasma, etc. are found in the smear.

The analysis may contain key cells - the product of the activity of the opportunistic bacterium Gardnerella Vaginalis, inherent in female body. When the flora of the vagina, with key cells containing gardnerella bacteria, enters the head of the penis, it mixes with the local flora. There is a disease called bacterial balanoposthitis. In men, the head of the penis is affected (up to its gangrene). Sometimes the disease is called male gardnerellosis.

If the test result is bad

If the scraping analysis showed the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, you should not panic. Any disease identified by scraping analysis is treated. The first (and only) step a patient should take is to see a doctor. Self-medication is excluded, because neglected infections will become chronic. If the disease becomes chronic, then the symptoms disappear or weaken, and the patient thinks that recovery has occurred (especially if attempts have been made to treat it).

In fact, through the urethra, the infection spreads to other organs. In this case, it is not always possible to recover completely. Infections of the genitourinary system lead to impotence and infertility, so the treatment prescribed by the doctor must be brought to full recovery. Urinary tract infections do not go away on their own.

If a man went to the doctor with a complaint about any symptoms that cannot be attributed to the norm, most likely he will be prescribed a smear on the flora, which helps to identify the cause of unpleasant manifestations. A smear from the urethra in men is an important urological manipulation. It can be used to determine:

Composition of microflora;
The presence of inflammation;
The presence of pathogenic microorganisms that indicate purulent processes;
The presence of a causative agent of a sexually transmitted disease;
The presence of a virus or fungus.

How are men swabs taken?

To obtain material for research in the required volume, a probe is inserted into the urethral canal of a man to a depth of about 3 cm. During this procedure, a disposable sterile instrument is necessarily used. After insertion to a sufficient depth, the probe is rolled to collect the secretions, then removed and left in a tube to be sent to the laboratory. The tube must be 100% sterile.

The procedure itself takes only a few minutes. The doctor can announce the result within one week, but usually it takes two to three days.

Is there pain after a smear from the urethra in men?

In most cases, some discomfort is possible during this manipulation. Although some patients may feel pain symptoms after the procedure for several hours, after which they disappear on their own, without additional intervention. But, if the pain does not go away, but only intensifies, and purulent discharge appears after scraping, you should immediately tell the doctor about this.

To reduce possible discomfort, urologists often advise to massage the prostate or the canal itself on the eve of the test.

Clinical picture

WHAT DOCTORS SAY ABOUT PENIS ENLARGEMENT

Professor, urologist-andrologist Tachko A.V.:
Medical practice: more than 30 years.

Most doctors are convinced that the only way to enlarge the phallus is through surgery. However, this method is very dangerous. In addition, it gives a temporary effect.

Therefore, men still try to find for themselves an easier and cheaper way to solve the problem with the size of the organ.

Any method of penis enlargement that is carried out at home can really add a few centimeters to an insufficiently large organ. But men should understand that such procedures often lead to the development of unpleasant health consequences.

If they still want to make their phallus a little bigger, then they should seek the help of a specialist. He will tell you the most effective and safe option for penis enlargement, which will save a man from his complex. To date, the most popular cream for penis enlargement is Titan Gel

What diseases will help to determine the analysis

No matter how experienced the doctor is, he will not determine with 100% accuracy the cause of the manifestation of signs of an inflammatory process or pathology. He can only assume them, but he will make a final diagnosis only after familiarizing himself with the results of a complete laboratory study.

The stronger sex, as well as their soul mates, are often interested in the question of which diseases are diagnosed using a study on the tank sowing from the urethra in men. It is worth highlighting here:

Mycoplasmosis;
Urethritis;

If they are identified, the urologist may prescribe an additional study to determine the number and type of pathogenic microorganisms.

When is a bacteriological examination prescribed?

Often a smear in men from the urethra is taken as a preventive measure to clarify the overall picture of the state of the genitourinary system. It is mandatory prescribed when planning a pregnancy or if a couple has a problem with conception.

But, there are certain indications for such a study.

The following signs can serve as a signal for the appointment of a bacteriological analysis:

In the study area, there are severe itching or burning;
The genitals are reddened or covered with a rash;
During intercourse or when urinating, any pain and discomfort is present;
Unusual discharge appeared in the area of the urination canal.

Is advance preparation necessary?

Whatever analysis you have to take, doctors provide certain recommendations to obtain the most accurate result. Before taking a smear for flora, they advise:

A week before the procedure, you should stop taking medications that are not agreed with your doctor;
Within two days, complete abstinence from intimacy is necessary;
Before scraping, in order not to distort the result, you should not urinate for about two hours;
Hygiene procedures should be carried out the night before, and not before visiting the doctor.

What will tell the analysis of the urethra in men

What exactly happens in the body, after receiving the results of the study, only a doctor can reliably tell. He will compare the patient's complaints, personal examination and smear test data and draw an accurate picture of what is happening. But, knowing the decoding of certain terms will allow a person to understand for himself what is happening to him:

Leukocytes. 0-5 is the norm. That is, the permissible presence in the microflora. If their indicator is increased, this indicates the presence of inflammation in the body. A significant excess of the leukocyte count in many cases indicates diseases such as urethritis or prostatitis;
Epithelium. Normal: 5-10. The inner surface of the urination opening is covered with epithelial tissue. If the indicator exceeds the norm, then there is an inflammatory process;
Slime. It is always present in the smear, but also in small quantities. If it's a lot - we are talking about infection;
Staphylococci, streptococci and enterococci. They breed only in favorable conditions for themselves. With a high content in the smear, urethritis can be diagnosed;
Gonococcus. If they are detected during the analysis, these are the causative agents of gonorrhea. If a man is completely healthy, such microorganisms are completely absent in a smear;
Trichomonas. If they are, then the man has trichomoniasis. A healthy body does not allow even the slightest of their presence.

What should be the next steps

When the analysis is received and the doctor announced a disappointing result, many men panic. But, this should not be allowed in any case, because any of the diseases of the urogenital area, which is determined by a smear, can be cured. In no case should you self-medicate on the principle of "it helped a neighbor."

Only an experienced specialist who has established the correct diagnosis can prescribe the correct treatment that contributes to a speedy recovery.

Sometimes he can send for additional tests, but if there is no such need, the proper treatment regimen is immediately prescribed.

What treatment can the doctor prescribe

In each case, treatment should be individualized. It depends not only on the type of disease, but also on the characteristics of each individual organism. Doctors usually prescribe antibiotics, antiviral and immunomodulatory drugs, as well as local therapy. Treatment should be comprehensive and with the exact implementation of all prescriptions of the attending physician.

Summing up

Many diseases proceed in a latent form and practically without symptoms. If suddenly something unusual was noticed on the part of the body, you should not postpone a visit to the clinic. The symptoms will not go away on their own, especially if it is a serious illness.

Tank seeding from the urethra in men is the fastest, as well as quite informative study. Timely delivery of tests along with treatment in most cases gives a 100% result in a speedy recovery and minimizes the likelihood of consequences. But, in the presence of infectious diseases, if a man leads sexual life, his partner also needs to be examined for the presence of such microorganisms. Otherwise, all treatment can be reduced to zero, since they will be constantly transmitted from one to another.

It's not worth letting the whole thing go by itself. By itself, no disease goes away. In addition, in addition to unpleasant discomfort, the pathology of the microflora can even lead to infertility. In its presence, sperm changes its quality and immobile spermatozoa appear in the seminal fluid.

Any infection can develop rapidly. If it is not detected in time and does not get rid of it, the disease can gradually turn into a chronic form, which will be almost impossible to fight. After all, any chronic process is not completely killed, but periodically manifests itself in the form of new exacerbations. And this sometimes leads men even to impotence.

How a smear is taken from men from the urethra is one of the frequent questions of patients who are assigned a laboratory study of a urogenital smear (scrape). As a rule, analysis is necessary if you suspect the presence of infectious diseases, sexually transmitted diseases, or some other pathologies.

According to the feedback of patients who underwent this analysis, the sensations when taking the material are not very pleasant, but quite tolerable.

How is a urogenital swab taken?

Immediately before taking the material, the penis is wiped with saline and dried with a sterile napkin, which prevents the entry of microorganisms from the surface of the skin into the sample. The material is collected using a special probe, which is inserted into the urethra for several centimeters, then placed in a specially designed container with a transport medium and delivered to the laboratory.

According to the patients who underwent this analysis, the sensations when taking the material are not very pleasant, but quite tolerable. In the presence of an inflammatory process in the urethra, the patient experiences greater discomfort. After taking the material for research, discomfort during urination may be noted for several days.

Usually, a laboratory study of a urogenital smear in men is done 1-3 working days.

Study preparation

To obtain an accurate result of the study, it is necessary to properly prepare for the delivery of the material. For three, and preferably seven days before the study, physical overload and sexual contact should be avoided.

In case of acceptance medicines, especially anti-infectious ones, you should warn the doctor about this, since in this case it may be advisable to transfer the analysis to a more late deadline(usually 2-3 weeks after completion of antibiotic treatment).

On the evening before the test, you need to conduct a thorough toilet of the external genitalia; in the morning on the day of sampling, this is not necessary. You should not urinate for 2-4 hours before taking the test, so it is not recommended to drink a lot of liquid before the test.

If a patient has a sexually transmitted infection, all his sexual partners should be examined and treated.

Indications for the analysis of the urogenital smear in men

Urogenital smear is an affordable and informative method for diagnosing many diseases. Its analysis allows to detect pathogens of sexual infections, inflammatory processes in the organs of the reproductive system (prostatitis, urethritis, etc.). The study may be needed as part of the diagnosis of infertility, during a preventive urological examination. In addition, a smear is prescribed after the treatment in order to monitor its effectiveness.

Symptoms that may be suspicious of inflammatory urogenital disease and require a smear test are:

pain during or after urination;
frequent urge to urinate;
discharge from the urethra;
swelling and hyperemia of the genital organs;
rashes in the genital area.

Only a specialist should decipher the result of a laboratory study of a urogenital smear. For the diagnosis of most diseases, it is not enough to look only at the smear result; a comprehensive assessment of the identified abnormalities, other diagnostic studies, as well as the clinical picture of the disease is required.

You can familiarize yourself with the procedure for taking material for research in detail by looking at the corresponding photos and videos.

Types of urogenital smears

What the smear result shows depends on the type of examination. So, a general smear from the urethra (a smear for flora) allows you to determine the number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, epithelial cells, microflora, etc. An urogenital smear for infections (another name is an analysis for latent infections) makes it possible to detect sexually transmitted diseases, etc. .

For the diagnosis of most diseases, it is not enough to look only at the smear result; a comprehensive assessment of the identified abnormalities, other diagnostic studies, as well as the clinical picture of the disease is required.

Upon receipt of questionable results, a second study is prescribed, if the indicators are outside the normal range, additional diagnostics are indicated. For example, to clarify the presence of latent infections, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR method) is used, which makes it possible to identify the causative agent of the infection even in cases where the urogenital smear shows a negative result (for example, at the initial stage of the inflammatory process).

If a patient has a sexually transmitted infection, all his sexual partners should be examined and treated.

Video from YouTube on the topic of the article:

Diseases of the genitourinary system are associated with a large number of diseases. To identify the causative agent of the pathology that has arisen, it is necessary to undergo a microscopic examination of a smear taken from the urethra of a man or the vagina of a woman. More often men face this because of the peculiarities of the structure of the genitourinary organs. To properly prepare for the study, it is important to know the features of its conduct.

An appointment for a smear from the genitourinary system is made if there is a suspicion of an inflammatory process. Due to the close location of the organs of the urinary and reproductive systems, the analysis given shows exactly where the disease is localized. Microscopic examination can easily establish the presence of a viral or bacterial infection.

According to experts, this research method is quite informative. It can show the presence of an inflammatory process that occurs in a latent form, without obvious signs of the disease. Therefore, it is mandatory for a planned visit to the gynecologist and urologist.

Reasons for the appointment of a smear from the genitourinary system:

Scheduled visits to a gynecologist, urologist;
Suspicion of infectious or fungal diseases;
Unusual discharge;
The appearance of an unpleasant odor;
Rashes and itching on the genitals;
Unpleasant and painful sensations during intercourse or during urination.

Urogenital smear examination is the most reliable method for detecting latent infections. According to statistics, 1/4 of the population are carriers of a latent infection who do not have symptoms. As a rule, this type of disease does not always bring enormous harm to human health, in some cases they go away on their own. More often than not, this can be seen in men.

If there are unusual sensations and changes in the urinary organs, itching, peeling, discharge or pain, you should immediately seek help from a specialist. After conducting the necessary research, the doctor will be able to accurately identify the cause of the violation and prescribe the correct treatment. Complications of diseases can cause serious disorders in common work body, and in particular to provoke the development of infertility.

How is a smear taken?

If an inflammatory disease of the genitourinary system is suspected, a swab is taken from the urethra in men and from the vagina in women. This is done by a urologist and a gynecologist. During the sampling of the analysis, it is necessary to take into account the structural features of the organs of a man and a woman. Therefore, the principle of collecting a smear will be slightly different.

In men

In the case of collecting analysis from men, this procedure is very simple. The scraping probe is inserted into the urethra to a depth of 2-3 cm, after which it is pressed against the inner wall and several rotational movements are made. Then the doctor removes the probe.

If during the collection of the analysis it is necessary to obtain a special result with the release of the necessary prostate secretion,. For this, a special bougie is used. As a result of this study, a smear on the flora in men is more informative.

Among women

During a visit to the gynecologist, women more often than usual have to take a smear for infections. When viewed through a mirror, the doctor takes a scraping of the mucous membrane of the uterine wall. During the study, disposable sterile instruments are used.

Thanks to this research method, serious diseases such as a malignant tumor of the uterus can be avoided. Research is quite easy to apply and does not take much time.

Timely diagnosis reduces the risk of developing serious complications, so do not neglect visiting specialists, especially in case of symptoms.

Study preparation

When prescribing an analysis, many people wonder how a smear is taken from men and whether special training. According to most experts, preparation is simply necessary, it will help reduce the risk of obtaining unreliable or false positive results. As practice shows, the preparation includes a number of simple procedures that everyone can handle.

A few days before the scheduled date of the study, alcohol or medication should be excluded. If it is absolutely impossible to interrupt the course of treatment, it is worth notifying the attending physician about this. This will help him take into account the composition of the drugs taken, analyzing their impact on the results.

During the toilet of the genital organs, only soap should be used; the use of intimate hygiene products may affect the reliability of the results. An intimate haircut should be done if rashes, peeling and itching appear around the genitals, or if unnatural discharge from the glans penis or vagina appears.

If, when prescribing a smear, the doctor suspects the presence of latent infections, he may recommend a special diet. Fatty, spicy, salty and sweet foods should be excluded from the diet. It is desirable to do this 5-7 days before the analysis. The interval after urination and before taking a smear should be at least two hours.

Diseases detected in the study of a smear

Microscopic examination of a smear can reveal a large number of diseases. Its use will be especially relevant in the detection of latent infections. For example, the incubation period for thrush in men will be longer than in women. As a rule, with male thrush, the signs of the disease at the initial stage of the disease:

Many infectious and fungal diseases of the urinary system have a similar symptomatic picture, so the pathogen can only be identified using this analysis. There are also a number of diseases that are difficult to treat due to the structural features of the virus or bacteria.

For example, a viral infection that resembles bacteria in structure. Its main feature is that it is difficult to treat. In order for it not to provoke the development of serious complications, early diagnosis plays an important role. Passing a smear is the only reliable way to determine this infection at the initial stage of the disease. Based on the analysis, a specialist can easily choose the right medicines that will help overcome it.

Ways to prevent infections of the genitourinary system

by the most the best way to prevent the development of serious complications from genitourinary infections is the implementation of preventive measures. Despite the fact that taking a smear does not cause pain, not many easily agree to this procedure. This is the main reason why men refuse to visit a urologist, since a smear for gonorrhea or microflora is regularly taken during a routine examination.

Due to the possibility of a latent course of the disease, serious complications can develop. In many clinics, this smear is taken as a preventive measure to detect the disease at an early stage. But besides this, there is a set of measures that you can do yourself.

Preventive complex

Compliance with the rules of intimate hygiene;
Use of hypoallergenic hygiene products;
Use of barrier-type contraceptives;
Timely treatment of diseases of the urinary tract;
Avoid cases of hypothermia.

In order to avoid the option of taking a smear to determine the infection, you need to be attentive to your health. Compliance with basic hygiene rules reduces the risk of developing many urinary tract infections. If the smear collection procedure cannot be avoided, there is no need to despair. This procedure does not cause pain, the main thing is to have a positive attitude.

Diagnosis of diseases of the genitourinary system in women and men almost always includes bacteriological culture. In this regard, the procedure has acquired many myths and legends about the conduct, results and correctness of sowing.

Bacteriological culture is a diagnostic method that allows you to identify the causative agent of infectious diseases. Briefly, the essence of the procedure is described in the following paragraphs:

Taking a smear from the mucous membrane of the genital organs;
Placement of the smear in a special capsule;
Transferring the smear to a research glass in a bacteria-rich environment;
Then a certain time is expected, during which the bacterium can multiply in a nutrient medium;
Multiplied colonies are examined microscopically.

The smear is taken with a small special device for convenient further transportation of the sample. This device resembles a long cotton swab, which will be in contact with the patient's mucous membrane.

Each type of bacteria requires its own nutrient medium. To identify a particular bacterium, the doctor prescribes in the direction of which bacterium is being diagnosed. If this is a general bacteriological culture, standard conditions for temperature and acidity of the medium are selected.

If during the analysis not a single bacterium was found, the natural microflora is not disturbed, then the result of bakposev is negative.

Preparation for analysis

Before bacteriological culture in men, it is necessary to prepare in advance. It is important to understand that the results of sowing, as well as the prescribed treatment regimen, depend on this. Wrong appointments can lead to serious health problems.

Before carrying out a seeding tank in men, the following rules must be followed:

Refrain from sexual intercourse at least a day before taking a smear;
Eliminate the use of any antimicrobial drugs at least two weeks before sowing;
Carry out hygiene procedures before analysis, using only neutral soap (you can use baby soap, without fragrances).

If the patient is taking antiviral drugs or antimycotics, this must be reported to the doctor, who will analyze the culture results.

Features of the procedure

In men, the seeding tank has its own characteristics. Since taking a swab from the vagina in women is somewhat easier than from the urethra of the penis, the biological material can be:

Urine;
Sputum;
Saliva;
prostate secret;
Discharge from the urethra.

This type of study is prescribed for the correct selection of a drug treatment regimen. The bottom line is that bacteriological seeding allows you to determine the resistance of bacteria to certain types of antibiotics. This allows you to avoid ineffective treatment and choose the most effective methods.

Sometimes it is necessary to take a smear from the urethra, then a rather thin instrument with a cotton ending is selected, and the instrument itself is placed in the urethra no more than a centimeter. Pain disappears a few hours after the procedure.

Laboratory research

When a smear is taken, the biological material is placed on a special glass. Then chemical reagents are added that can create the most favorable environment for the reproduction of bacteria. Then the sample is placed in a thermostat for several days.

The thermostat maintains the necessary humidity and temperature, and laboratory assistants constantly monitor the process of bacterial reproduction, fixing changes in the vital activity of the grown colony.

After sufficient time for bacteria to multiply, an assessment is made physical qualities microorganisms:

The form;
Density;
The size;
Colour;
reproduction rate;
The rate of growth of an individual microorganism.

The most important step in seeding is to determine the maximum sensitivity of the bacterium to active antifungal and antibiotic substances. The list of drugs to which the bacteria has a pronounced resistance is also being investigated. The results of the study become available after two weeks.

When examining urine, the following rules must be observed for maximum accuracy of the result:

Urine sampling is performed strictly under sterile conditions;
Urine must be collected in a medical facility using special, sterile dishes;
Before taking urine, a man performs hygiene procedures;
The material must be taken in the morning, since microorganisms accumulate in the urine during the night, among which the desired pathogens may also be present.

Biological material is stored for no more than two hours at room temperature and no more than a day in the refrigerator. In other cases, the urine will no longer be suitable for analysis as a material.

A week before urine sampling, it is necessary to stop taking antibacterial drugs, since the accuracy of the result will be determined with a large error. The results should be examined by a urologist or a venereologist who directs to bacterial culture. The procedure is prescribed to determine the pathogen in diseases:

Cystitis;
Pyelonephritis;
Urethritis;

Seeding for ureaplasma

This procedure is often prescribed for men. The reasons for the appointment of bakposev for ureaplasma can be:

Inflammation of the urethra in acute or chronic form;
Frequent change of sexual partners without proper contraception;
Planning for children;
Ureaplasmosis in a permanent partner.

The biomaterial is scraping, which is taken from the urethra. Its sampling is carried out at least four hours after the last urination, and in a day it is necessary to refuse sexual intercourse.

If ureaplasmosis is suspected, not only the scraping of the urethra, but also the ejaculate is examined. Usually this is a complex sowing, the results of which become known after 15 days at least.

A distinctive feature of ureaplasma is its implantation into the mucous membrane, which requires bakposev using scrapings. In the normal state, these microorganisms do not cause pathological changes.

With a combination of factors such as reduced immunity, frequent change of partners, long-term antibiotic treatment, ureaplasma can begin active reproduction and cause inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system, up to inflammation of the prostate gland.

After receiving the results of the culture, the doctor prescribes an effective treatment regimen, excluding drugs to which resistance has been found. Treatment continues for at least another week after the severe symptoms of ureaplasmosis disappear. The doctor may prescribe a second culture to determine the effectiveness of the treatment.