In demand due to affordable cost, good technical specifications, low thermal conductivity and durability. In order for the cottage to calmly endure various climatic loads without deformation and damage to the load-bearing walls, roofs and other parts, jibs are necessarily present in the design. Diagonal elements add rigidity and strength to the house, make the building durable and wear-resistant.

Appointment of jibs in frame houses

Residential frame houses are made like a multi-layered pie, and their walls have less structural strength than buildings made of brick, timber or logs. The load-bearing elements of the walls are located in the same plane and can change their position with strong winds, ground movement, and heavy rainfall. The presence of jibs allows you to stabilize the position of the structure, eliminate the risk of damage to the building.

Designing and building a house using frame technology without the use of jibs is not allowed. With this approach, the building has no other stiffeners, except for the corners. Even small external loads lead to damage to the outer or inner skin, loss performance characteristics and attractive appearance.

In some cases, a cottage without jibs can "fold" like a house of cards without the possibility of recovery. Even if such a situation has been avoided, damage to the heat-insulating layer makes the building cold and windy, reduces its service life to a minimum. The presence of jibs completely eliminates such situations.

Features of mounting jibs

In frame housing construction, temporary and permanent jibs are used. Products of the first type are used only at the stage of building a cottage. With their help, they strengthen the corners, intermediate racks, set the elements according to the level until the end of the main installation stage. Before the start of finishing, the jibs are dismantled.

Permanent jibs are mounted taking into account the use during the entire life of the frame house. For greater rigidity, installation structural elements performed not only in load-bearing walls. But also in internal partitions. When performing work, the following features are taken into account:

The optimum angle of inclination of the jib is 45°. It is allowed to increase it up to 60 °, for example, near window and door openings.

The mounting direction is determined from the center of the bottom tie bar to the top corner of the rack.

When arranging windows and doors, the jibs are directed from the corners to the existing openings.

Strong and reliable fixation is provided by the connection of the jib and the bearing element of the "thorn-groove" type.

The number of jibs on each wall is at least two, and their placement should be in close proximity to the corners of the building.

Solid, well-dried boards are used as the material. Otherwise, the wood will dry out over time with an increase in the gaps between the structural elements and a decrease in the strength of the frame. Our company builds houses with the obligatory fulfillment of these requirements, which guarantees high quality, reliability and durability of buildings.

The durability of a building primarily depends on its stability. Any structure, and even more so as complex and voluminous as a house, is subject to a number of external influences and internal stresses. Seismic vibrations, soil shifts, wind - all this tends to destroy any home. Uneven shrinkage, pockets of dampness, structural loads - this undermines the building from the inside. AT frame house the elements that ensure its maximum stability are the jibs.

1. Structural loads on the house

In most cases, any building has the shape of a parallelepiped. Any quadrilateral is not the most durable construction. The slightest deviation of any of its sides causes a deviation of the other sides, since they are connected with each other.

From this point of view, a triangle with maximum rigidity is ideal. Yes, the most strong molecules are carbon molecules forming a pyramid.

It is the addition of additional elements to the design that introduce “triangularity” into them and forms the basis of all rigid quadrilateral fasteners.

So, a tablet with slats or plywood triangles stuffed in the corners will be much stronger than the original one.

Frame reinforced at the corners

This is what is often used in construction, especially in the construction of frame houses. After all, a frame house is an ideal parallelepiped, and all the blocks from which it is composed have the shape of a rectangle.

In this case, any lateral load, for example, a strong wind, tends to violate the right angles at the base of these quadrangles. The result can be deplorable - the house can squint a lot or even fall on its side.

House, "fastened" with clapboard

2. What are jibs?

The frame of the building is a set of racks, reinforced between the lower and upper strapping with some step between them. Racks are made of board and placed perpendicular to the perimeter line

This design provides stability only under vertical loads. With horizontal loads, a row of racks tends to tilt. If the racks are not additionally strengthened, the house may collapse.

It is the board, stuffed over the racks at an angle to them, that keeps them strictly in a vertical position. It's called the slug.

3. Is it possible to do without jibs?

There is an opinion that jibs for a frame house are not so important. It would seem that if the frame is sheathed with sheet material (plywood or OSB), the walls will acquire additional resistance to lateral loads.

Not only that, negligent builders allow the exterior trim of the frame right on top of the racks - in the hope that it will give the house sufficient rigidity.

But this is not entirely true. Sheets of fiberboard, plywood or OSB, of course, additionally hold the building together, but their size only affects the connection inside the frame cell, and not the entire frame as a whole. After all, the very design of the swivel, which is a frame house, implies the absence of the necessary stiffeners that prevent lateral load.

What to say about the elements exterior finish, such as siding, cladding, lining, which are not so rigidly attached to the wall and may themselves be fragile.

Conclusion: it is necessary to put jibs.

Sometimes jibs are confused with spacers. They really give rigidity to individual elements, for example, a quadrangular block cell, but do not affect the entire frame as a whole.

4. Installation of jibs

We will tell you how to properly install the jib.

As we said above, the jib is a board that is mounted on top of the racks at some angle to the floor. As a rule, it is enough to use boards with a section of 25x100 mm. They are ideally installed at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the floor plane. They are installed from the center of the wall to the corners of the ceiling. The length of the jib boards, respectively, can exceed the length of the racks by 30%

Due to the fact that not all walls remain solid, it is sometimes not possible to mount long jibs at a 45 degree angle. On walls where there are window and door openings, you have to put the jibs at a different angle, usually no more than 60 degrees.

We note an important fact. Jambs need to be done not only on the outer, but also on the bearing internal walls. This will give the house maximum rigidity.

In general, you need to remember the main rules for mounting jibs

• The slope of the jibs tending to 45 degrees.
• The lower part is placed closer to the center of the wall, the upper - to the upper corner.
• The jib should be as connected as possible with the strapping and frame racks.

5. Features of mounting jibs

The installation of the jibs is carried out flush with the plane of the racks. To do this, grooves are cut out in the racks of the frame where they are inserted. Corresponding grooves are cut in both the upper and lower trim. Only then will the jibs be most effective. The braces are attached to the ceiling and floor trim using powerful bolts or powerful self-tapping screws. To the racks - they are nailed with at least two nails, reducing the hinge of the structure.

In the process of forming the wall, the blocks rise one by one, and they need to be given stability - up to the complete assembly of the frame with the top trim. To do this, use temporary jibs. It makes no sense to spare material on them, since later these boards are easily torn off and used.

It is permissible to install temporary jibs without cutting into the racks and harness.

7. Mistakes when installing jibs

Let's note some mistakes that builders make:

1. Too large installation angle relative to the floor
2. No bracing at all or on interior walls
3. Non-rigid fastening to the strapping and frame posts
4. Poor quality material, use of defective boards
5. Insufficient length of the jibs, the use of scraps stuffed randomly

8. Conclusions

Thus, for maximum stability of the frame, the jibs are considered a necessary element of the entire structure. They must be made of quality materials and strictly in accordance with the above recommendations.

We continue a series of texts about the nodes of the walls of a frame house. Finally, we got to the jigs. Frame house jibs- an important element of the wall, which is needed so that the house does not fold in any direction after construction. If you have read news about negligent builders on the forum, you have probably seen such situations.

Jambs in a frame house

In order for your frame house to stand for a long time and firmly, jibs cut into the racks of the walls of the frame house.

Important: the jib of the frame house should cut at an angle of 45-60 degrees into both trims (lower and upper). Sometimes the second upper trim also crashes (as in the picture above), but less often.

Video on how to embed a jib in a frame house? How to do it in 1 minute

jib must be used if slab sheathing (OSB-3, plywood) is not planned on the walls. With slab sheathing, jibs are not needed, it is more than 5 times stronger than jibs (if it is OSB or 12 mm plywood). But for a frame one-story house, jibs are enough.

In any case (with or without slab sheathing), you will need temporary jibs.

Temporary jibs in a frame house

Temporary braces are used at the stage immediately after the walls are raised, while they are not yet fixed on top with floor lags, and slab sheathing is not installed. Temporary jibs help the walls not to fall anywhere and stand in a given place. It is better not to save on the number of boards, then they are easy to remove.

It all looks like this:

Little bonus:
How to raise a paneled wall(a photo). Note that even with slab sheathing, the builder puts temporary jibs.


Although this is not often done, maybe someone will decide that it is more convenient for him this way. I did not translate, everything seems to be clear.

Little bonus #2:
How to fix the second upper wall trim frame (photo)

Ask questions in the comments or personally to me in individual consultations, and I also remind you that our design team will develop for you in accordance with all your wishes.

Ukosina - an inclined beam, the purpose of which is to support a vertical structure or part of it. In construction, they are used to increase the rigidity of the frame. Jambs in a frame house are installed to increase the stability and strength of the frame.

In Russia, frame houses began to be built after many years of their construction in America and Europe. Canadian and Finnish frame technologies have been formed. Extensive experience in frame construction has been accumulated. All mistakes, shortcomings and their impact on the operation of houses are summarized in the Rules or the Code. Some of its provisions have been translated and included in the Code of Rules for the Design and Construction of Frame Houses, in force in Russia. The code allows you to use someone else's experience, build frame houses without errors from available materials. Unfortunately, in practice, the rules are distorted due to the desire to reduce the cost and simplify construction. The alteration takes place at the level of design, choice of materials, and construction itself. As a result, consumers have a misconception about the frame technology, the performance of such houses.

Racks, logs and floors are at right angles or parallel to each other. Without the use of special stabilizing elements, the house can "fold". Such an element is a jib, a bar installed and fixed at an angle to the uprights. A house with walls containing such reinforcing elements can withstand any gusts of wind, earthquakes.

Lack of jibs

Among Russian builders, the opinion has spread that jibs for a frame house are optional. Despite this, such an element of the foundation of the house is extremely necessary. Sheathing with slabs can replace them only when creating small household buildings. The absence of jibs for a residential building threatens with destruction, which begins with the deformation of the interior and exterior finishes, the displacement of the heat-insulating layer.

Expert opinion

Sergey Yurievich

Ask an expert

In frame houses being built at the beginning, jibs were not always used. Instead, the house was sheathed with boards set at 45 °, herringbone. Many years of experience have proven the unreliability of this method; it is used for non-residential buildings of a small area.

Ways to increase the rigidity of the foundation of the house

To increase the stability of the frame, apply:

1. The wooden jib is set at an angle of 45 °. If adjacent walls, door or window openings do not allow maintaining just such an angle, it is increased to 60 °, sometimes more. The increase in angle should be compensated by installing more elements on the wall. For reliable stabilization of the frame, a board of 25 X 100 mm is sufficient, embedded in the boards of the upper and lower trim. The use of planks of a larger cross section leads to unreasonable costs for materials. The lower edge of the plank is placed closer to the center of the house, the upper - to the perimeter. Wooden jibs are strong, slightly weight the frame, withstand tensile and compression loads.
2. Metal jibs are most common in North America, in Russia they are rarely used due to their significant weight and susceptibility to corrosion. They attract low cost and quick installation. Metal jibs are also cut into the upper and lower skins, but they are installed in a cross. This is due to the fact that metal strips can only withstand tensile loads and cannot withstand compression. The installation of two elements in a cross allows you to compensate for loads in any direction.
3. External sheathing with plywood or oriented strand boards. Attached to the posts and boards of the lower trim, they form a triangle.

Which method to choose depends on the specific conditions: the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe building, climate, purpose, number of storeys. A combination of jib material is possible.

Expert opinion

Sergey Yurievich

Construction of houses, outbuildings, terraces and verandas.

Ask an expert

Struts should not be confused with struts. Spacers have a different purpose, they are installed according to completely different rules. The spacer serves to eliminate the spring effect of the boards with a high wall height (from 3 m).

What does the lack of stabilizing elements lead to, their incorrect installation

An illiterate approach to the design of frame structures leads to a loss of strength and durability of the house. In the absence of braces in load-bearing walls and partitions, the structure cannot withstand even one year. They resist displacement, lateral loads. An engineering calculation is required, taking into account the maximum snow and wind loads.

What to consider when installing a jib

In order for the jib to reliably strengthen the frame of the building, when installing it, you must follow the rules:

1. The plank thickness is up to one-fourth of the wall thickness.
2. The jib is cut into the strapping boards and wall racks flush.
3. At least two elements are installed on one wall in different directions: one tilts to the left, the other to the right.
4. If the jib is installed before the wall is raised, in a lying position, then it is not worth fixing it rigidly, so that after installing the wall in a vertical position, the bar can be adjusted.
5. It is more rational to install jibs on the inside of the wall from the point of view of the formation of cold bridges. From the outside it is more convenient to mount. The choice of the side of the wall does not affect the diagonal stiffness.

Temporary elements

Temporary braces support the walls after they have been erected until they are permanently fixed to the floor joists, and the sheathing is installed.

The reliability of a frame house, the degree of its resistance to wind, snow, other adverse weather conditions, the service life of such a structure are determined by the rigidity of its structure. The most popular method of strengthening the frame is the installation of jibs. Let's figure out whether it is worth spending your time and energy on installing the jibs, or is it quite possible to do without them.

What are jibs, and what are they

Jambs are additional components of the house frame, which provide an increase in the degree of reliability of the structure of the structure and an increase in the life of the building. These elements are usually mounted at an angle of 45°, this figure changes to 60° if the jib is installed near door or window openings, as well as with wall junctions.

Most often, the stalk is wooden beam, made from a board with a section of 25 by 100 mm. In most cases, this size is optimal and the use of larger frame reinforcement elements is usually not advisable. Jambs with the mentioned section strengthen the structure of the house, but at the same time do not make it heavier and do not create an additional load on the foundation.

The jibs are also made of metal. They are heavier and unpopular in Russia. In the USA, on the contrary, metal jibs are mostly found. The advantage of such jibs is a low price and high installation speed.

The disadvantage of these jibs in comparison with wooden ones is that the latter resist both compression and stretching, while metal ones resist only stretching. Therefore, when installing metal jibs, you have to put them crosswise for adequate resistance to the changing load vector. In addition, additional waterproofing work must be carried out before the installation of metal components.

Stubs can be installed both permanently and temporarily. The need to install temporary jibs arises if the tiled wall cladding (OSB boards) has not yet been equipped, however, the frame structure needs to be strengthened for the duration of this work.

Why you can not do without jibs

The frame house itself is a fairly solid structure, however, its design also needs to be strengthened. The fact is that the components of the frame before installing the jibs are only parallel and perpendicular to each other. This arrangement of the frame elements makes it unstable to ground displacements, wind and other "transverse" loads.

If there are no elements in the frame of the building that provide rigidity, then such a house is at risk of losing the geometry of the structure, deformation of both external and interior decoration. It is possible that under the influence of serious lateral loads, the house can “fold”.

The lack of rigidity of the frame leads to a decrease in the durability of the structure of the house as a whole. Not so radical, but rather unpleasant consequences of the lack of reinforcement of the frame are heat losses due to the fact that the thermal insulation layer loses its integrity when the walls are displaced.

The result of incorrect distribution of jibs and their insufficient number

So the result correct installation ukosin is:

• prevention of vibrations and destruction of walls under the influence of weather factors;
• no deformation of walls and internal partitions under loads;
• increasing the rigidity of load-bearing structures;
• more reliable fastening of heat-insulating materials inside the walls;
• ensuring uniform distribution of the load between the elements of the frame.

After the installation of the jibs, the frame house building will successfully withstand heavy winds, landslides and even earthquakes. Snow that has accumulated on the roof in winter will also not pose a threat to the integrity of the house.

Is there a possibility of waiver

In the role of ukosin recent times plywood sheathing or OSB (Oriented Strand Board) is becoming more and more common. The use of plywood is more justified, since it has a greater coefficient of spatial rigidity in comparison with chipboard and OSB.

Nevertheless, even those frame houses that are sheathed with high-quality plywood, but lack braces, often do not withstand the impacts of the elements, although they are adapted for normal loads under normal conditions.

Jambs can be omitted only during the construction of small frame structures that are not residential buildings, but have, for example, an economic purpose. So, frame garages, sheds or toilets may well do with sheathing without installing jibs, since, due to the small area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe supporting elements, they are less susceptible to wind and other weather loads.

Consequences of a hurricane

You should be aware that the skin in this case must be made of strong material, supplied in the form of relatively large components. Finishing elements must be positioned similarly to jibs - at an angle of 45 °

Common Problems

In order for the jibs to really perform their function with high quality and justify the financial and labor investments in their installation, one should strictly adhere to the basic rules for the installation of these structures.

Here are some setup tips:

• the jibs must be cut into the upper, lower horizontal trim of the frame and into vertical racks- only in this way the frame will become as rigid as possible;
• installation of jibs from the inside is less convenient, but ensures the guaranteed absence of "cold bridges";
• when attaching the jibs to the frame elements, you need to use only nails, but not self-tapping screws;
• on one wall it is quite enough to install only two multidirectional jibs. A larger number of reinforcing elements is unlikely to significantly increase the degree of rigidity of the frame;
• installation must be carried out from the central part of the lower beam to the corners at the top. This installation order will ensure the formation of a right triangle between the stiffeners and the corner post;
• if the jibs are installed exclusively on outer walls structures, then most of the static load falls on them, and not on internal partitions.

Remember: the installation of jibs does not at all guarantee protection of the house from external loads if the material of these elements is not selected correctly or the installation process is carried out with errors.

Consequences of errors in material selection and installation:

• the use of hollow jibs - the degree of their wear resistance is low;
• a similar problem occurs when choosing jibs with a small cross section and generally low-quality lumber;
• the choice of metal strips or ribbons as jibs for large houses - such reinforcing elements are more suitable for small buildings;
• the use of poorly dried wood - after drying, gaps form in the areas of component connections and the rigidity of the structure decreases;
• installation of jibs in the corners is fraught with a decrease in the stability index of the structure as a whole.

Obviously, the use of jibs - required condition strengthening the frame house. Structures in which such a solution was implemented will serve for a sufficiently long period, during which they will successfully withstand the elements and other loads. Thus, the jibs will actually insure the owner against much greater losses than those associated with the manufacture and installation of these elements.