Bath from start to finish with your own hands. Do-it-yourself log cabin bath: step by step instructions. Installation of partitions, ceiling, interior decoration, installation of windows and doors

Washing in a country bath is a pleasure available to everyone. Its construction does not require large financial investments. In the minimum layout, such a structure is being built in a few days.

In this article we will consider the topic of how to build the simplest bath in the country quickly and inexpensively.

Let's start by studying ready-made options, we will discuss the designs of walls, floors, stoves and sewers that are popular among masters.

Design features

The main conditions for the comfort of any bath are:

• Walls, floor and ceiling well protected from heat loss.
• Reliable isolation of structures from water and steam.
• Compact fast heating oven.
• Efficient sewerage and ventilation.

Examples of country baths

In photo No. 1 we see the simplest bath, reminiscent of a barrel of Diogenes. You can only steam in it. It will not be possible to wash here, because there is no sewerage in the building. However, if desired, it is easy to do. To do this, you need to install a standard shower tray in the corner of the bath and bring the drain pipe into the septic tank.

Photo No. 1 Build such a “barrel bath” in the country and take a steam bath

An important advantage of this design is its low weight, which allows it to be placed on a wooden terrace.

The device of the simplest bath from the container category is shown in photo No. 2.

Photo No. 2 Option container country bath

It consists of one steam room. For washing, the owner needs to attach a canopy with a summer shower or supplement the room with sewage, and the stove with a tank for heating water.

Improvising on the theme of a barrel-shaped bath, let's pay attention to cellular polycarbonate. From it you can quickly and easily assemble the original design. In order for it to keep heat well, you will need two large sheets of this material and a frame made of metal or wooden bars. Between them, a mineral wool insulation, 10 cm thick, is laid.

The ends of the structure can be made of boards by stuffing them onto a wooden insulated frame. Put such a bath anywhere: in the country, on a polar ice floe or on the top of Everest, and you will always be comfortable in her steam room (photo No. 5).

Photo No. 5 A simple barrel-shaped bath

A small Russian bathhouse made from timber scraps can be installed on oak posts. We see an example of such a structure in photo No. 6.

Photo No. 6 Oak posts - an excellent support for a small wooden bath

Larger structures need their own foundation. There are three options here:

1. Concrete tape.
2. Brick pillars.
3. Piles from asbestos-cement pipes.

Do not forget that the type of foundation affects the choice of material and the design of the walls. Pile and column bases are used to install a wooden frame, as well as for baths made of timber or logs (photos No. 7 and No. 8).

Photo No. 7 Sauna from SIP panels on screw piles

Photo No. 8 Brick columns - the best option for timber, log and frame structures

The "tape" of rubble concrete is suitable for any walls (from gas silicate blocks, logs and frame).

A cheap, reliable and simple version of the bath is obtained by technology. For such a structure, you will need a little: a firewood truck, a cart of straw and a clay dump truck (photo No. 10).

The best shape of a wood-burning structure is round. It eliminates the need to reinforce the masonry corners, looks aesthetically pleasing and original.

Borrowing from birds the technology of building nests from branches and clay, you can build just such a simple and warm bathhouse (photo No. 11).

Photo No. 11 Wicker frame coated with clay - "know-how" of an inexpensive bath design

Recommendations for the choice of finishes, insulation, sewerage, floor, roof and stove

For the exterior of the frame bath, you can recommend the following materials:

• Wooden blockhouse.
• Metal tile or profiled sheet.
• plastic siding.
• Cement particle board (DSP).
• OSB board.
• Flat slate.

Photo No. 12 A simple, but at the same time very nice version of the exterior of the bath with the help of unedged boards

As a heater, it is best to use ecowool. It does not accumulate moisture, does not rot and does not burn. If there is no ecowool in your area, then you can buy a regular mineral insulation in the form of a semi-rigid slab. It is easily and simply placed in the gaps between the racks of the frame.

To protect the mineral wool from water vapor and reduce heat loss, the walls are lined with sheets of foil polyethylene. After that, a frame of slats is attached to them and trimmed with wood: alder, linden or pine clapboard (photo No. 13).

Photo No. 13 Steam and heat insulation of the walls of a country bath built from any material

We do not recommend installing OSB board indoors. This material releases toxic gases when exposed to high temperatures.

Variants of steam and heat insulation of the walls of the frame structure, as well as a bath built from blocks or logs, are shown in Figure No. 1.

Building a simple do-it-yourself bath includes a sewer. It can be made from standard plastic pipes, derived in cesspool or drainage well.

The water intake funnel is placed in the center or in the corner of the room, and the floor is made in the form of expanded clay concrete screed with a slope towards the drain. Before concreting, it is necessary to compact the soil and cover it with several layers of waterproofing. Wood flooring is a great option, but in a bath it rots quickly and needs to be replaced. Instead, we recommend making gratings from wooden slats and laying them on a concrete screed. After washing, they can be removed, taken outside and dried.

The design of the bath ceiling is standard. First, a vapor barrier film is “shooted” to the rafters and counter-rails (3x4 cm) are stuffed. They fix the lining of the lining. The gaps between the rafters are filled with insulation and covered with a roofing film. It protects it from weathering and atmospheric moisture (Fig. No. 2).

Fig No. 2 Design of the ceiling of a country bath

A counter-lattice is stuffed onto the film, creating a ventilated gap between the roof and the insulation. The work on the installation of the ceiling and roof is being completed by installing the main lathing and laying the roofing material (slate or metal tiles).

The main "detail" of any country bath is a stove. It should provide rapid heating of the air and maintain a high temperature. The metal stove heats up the fastest.

To accumulate heat and create steam, it must be equipped with a compartment for stones. There are a lot of options for stoves for simple baths, so we will not dwell on them in detail. Let's just say that the simplest heat generator can be made from steel pipe large diameter, old gas cylinder or barrel (photo No. 15). Another easy-to-use material is a steel sheet 3-5 mm thick (photo No. 16).

Photo No. 15-16 A simple pipe stove and a ferrous metal stove

Knowing the simplest welding techniques, you can assemble such a structure without outside help.

When hiring a construction team, the cost of construction will double, so if you have at least basic skills, it is better to start building a bath with your own hands. First of all, you need to decide on a building plan. You can make your own or use ready-made drawings and choose the design that is most suitable in size.

Building registration

No permit is required for the construction of ancillary facilities on a private property. However, after the construction is completed, the building must be registered with the BTI.

Regulated distance between buildings

Calculation of the amount of materials

Most often, baths are built from solid or rounded logs of coniferous species, thick-walled timber, wood concrete or bricks. Last years foam concrete was also used for construction. but best material for it is considered a tree. Even in the hottest heated bath from this environmentally friendly material, it will be easy and free to breathe.

Rounded log, regular and profiled timber

The construction of a bathhouse from chopped, rounded logs and timber

Building shrinkage

Collect building from a bar preferably in winter. The fact is that in winter, moisture freezes out more slowly, and the deformation of the material occurs more evenly. By the end of summer, the main subsidence is almost over, and it will be possible to start finishing.

Foundation construction

If the groundwater in the selected area is deep enough, it makes sense to use a conventional strip foundation. A pile or screw foundation is erected only with a close occurrence of water.

Tape and pile foundations for a bath

Laying the first crown

1. The overhead (first) crown, which is closest to the ground, needs reliable waterproofing. To do this, 2-3 layers of roofing material or other material based on bitumen are laid between it and the base. On top of it, short slats of 15 mm, treated with an antiseptic, are placed in the transverse direction, and only then the logs are laid out.

Laying direction of the rails

Corner joints of log cabins

The corners between adjacent walls can be connected in log cabins in different ways:

Corner joints of log cabins

Log house assembly

1. The logs should fit together as tightly as possible. The seams between them are laid with a sealant: tow or jute. The gap between the flashing crown and the foundation is additionally sealed with bricks, mounting foam, halves of logs or bars. It is also possible to provide filling multi-level foundation, which will prevent the appearance of cracks.

Foundation with different levels

Pivot for windows and grooves in window openings for it

Do-it-yourself bath construction step by step, video, photo

Therefore, if you have at least elementary skills, it is better to start building a bath with your own hands.

Building a bath with your own hands: step by step instructions

Before engaging in the construction of a bath, you need to draw up a detailed step-by-step instruction for the work, in which you should take into account all the nuances of the technology for building a bath complex.

The step-by-step instructions that are used in the construction of the bath can differ significantly depending on the materials used for installation and the characteristics of the soil at the construction site.

In the process of building a bath complex, a variety of materials can be used for work. Depending on the type of foundation, for example, metal and asbestos-cement pipes can be used when laying a pillar foundation or cement-concrete mortar and metal reinforcement during construction strip foundation. For the construction of walls, the following building materials can be used:

The most popular material used in the construction of the structure of the bath complex is timber. This material is also considered the most practical and convenient to use.

The use of timber can significantly save money on the construction of the foundation. In the case of the construction of a bath complex from a bar, it is allowed to lay a light foundation. The use of timber allows you to build a building that practically does not shrink, and during the installation process it is not required to carry out additional adjustment of structural elements.

Building a bath using step-by-step instructions allows you to avoid almost all errors during the installation process and build an excellent bath complex with your own with my own hands, without the involvement of specialists from outside. Step-by-step instructions for building a bath greatly facilitate the installation process, even for those homeowners who have minimal knowledge and skills in the field of construction.

Choosing a place for the construction of a bath complex

Step-by-step instructions for the construction of a bath at the initial stage involves the selection of a place for work and preparation of a construction site. The ideal option is to choose a place for the construction of a bath at the stage of planning the placement of objects on a private land plot. Very often, if there is a small area, the bath complex has to be combined with some outbuildings, for example, such as a toilet and summer cuisine. In some cases, the bath is combined with a residential building. Bath complexes of this type are quite complex, and their development requires the involvement of professional designers of residential buildings.

When designing a structure and determining the place of its construction, it is necessary to take into account some natural factors that influence both the choice of the location of the construction site and the layout of the bath complex:

• the level of occurrence of subsoil waters;
• determination of areas flooded during the onset of floods;
• location of a natural reservoir;
• prevailing wind direction and precipitation patterns;

The level of occurrence of groundwater is easy to determine on your own. For this purpose, holes should be dug at the corners of the location of the construction site at least a meter deep and, after a while, check whether water has appeared in them or not. The level of occurrence of subsoil waters affects the choice of the type of foundation for the construction of a bath complex.

The best option for choosing a site for all construction and installation work is a hill located at a short distance from a natural reservoir.

Building on a hill allows you to avoid flooding during floods. The distance to a natural reservoir should not be less than 15 m, and in the absence of an elevated platform, the distance to the reservoir should be at least 30 m.

In the process of selecting a site for construction, it should be provided that the distance to the boundary of the site from the construction site should be at least a meter. In addition, the site for the construction of a bath should be placed at a distance of 15 m from existing buildings.

Tools and building materials necessary for the construction of a bath

Before building a bath, when developing step-by-step instructions, after choosing a place for building a structure, you should decide on the materials and tools necessary for construction work.

The most popular material is timber. It has a whole range of advantages. The most convenient in work is a kind of wood beam - profiled beam. This material is resistant to deformation. When building a bath from a bar, you will need to prepare the following building materials:

• timber having a section of 15x15 for mounting external walls;
• timber with a section of 15x10 for installation work on the construction of partitions inside the building;
• cement-concrete solution for the construction of the foundation;
• reinforcement for reinforcing the foundation;
• building materials for waterproofing;
• crushed stone to create a blind area;
• timber for creating sex logs and floors;
• materials for insulation;
• materials for interior decoration;
• materials for creating steam and thermal insulation;
• roofing materials.

The list of tools needed in the process of work includes a shovel, a hacksaw, an ax, manual electric drill, hammer, tools for laying interventional insulation and a mallet.

Building a bath with your own hands

The next point of the step-by-step construction instructions for the construction of the bath complex is the construction work itself.

The whole range of required construction work can be divided into several stages. The main stages of construction are the following:

• construction site marking and site preparation;
• laying the foundation;
• arrangement of the blind area;
• erection of the walls of the bath complex;
• ceiling installation;
• assembly of load-bearing roof structures;
• installation of roofing material;
• installation of hydro, steam and thermal insulation;
• assembly of communications in the premises;
• laying the floor;
• installation of finishing material.

It should be remembered that after the construction of the foundation foundation, it needs to be given time to gain maximum strength. When using a strip foundation, the period of gaining maximum strength with a cement-concrete mortar is 28 days.

Before proceeding with the installation of the walls, it is necessary to ensure the laying of high-quality waterproofing on the surface of the foundation between it and the first crown of the walls. High-quality waterproofing will significantly extend the service life of the building of the bath complex without major repairs.

After the installation of the walls of the building is completed, the assembly and installation of load-bearing roof structures is carried out. Features of the supporting structure of the roof depend on the configuration of the roof.

When the roof is mounted, they begin to install utilities and the floor in the premises, at the same stage, steam, hydro and thermal insulation is installed.

Carrying out interior decoration and insulation of the bath complex

Ceiling insulation small bath can be carried out in a flat way. For this, hardwood lumber is used. Boards up to 50 mm thick are sewn onto the ceiling, after which a layer of vapor barrier material is fixed on them. Foil material is perfect for this purpose. A layer of insulation is applied and fixed on top of the vapor barrier layer. Mineral wool can be used as a heater. After laying the mineral wool, it is closed with a protective layer of foil material. The last stage of work with the ceiling will be the installation of finishing material.

If during the construction of the bath complex a beam of sufficient thickness was used, then it is possible to do without installing a heater on the inside of the walls of the bath complex. In this case, before finishing, a layer of vapor and waterproofing is strengthened on the walls of the bath, on which the finishing material is mounted. If the thickness of the beam is insufficient, then the insulation of the walls inside the bath is carried out similarly to the insulation of the ceiling.

Insulation of the floor in the bath room can be done using expanded clay.

To finish the interior of the bath room, it is best to use a lining made of wood that does not have structural defects. The material is fastened with small nails.

Compliance with their sequence during the construction process allows you to build a high-quality structure that will delight the owner for a long time.

Affordable and step-by-step instruction for the construction of a bath

Step-by-step instructions for building a bath. This instruction will help to avoid problems when planning and building a bath on your site.

Building a bath with your own hands

Do you want to build a bath, but do not know what material is best to use to implement your idea? Then be sure to pay attention to the beam. A bath made of this material will be environmentally friendly, reliable and durable. At the same time, you can handle the construction of such a structure with your own hands.

Building a bath with your own hands

Advantages of timber construction

There is absolutely nothing complicated in the self-construction of a bath from a bar. This material has many advantages over its closest analogue - a rounded log (log). Among the main advantages of the beam, the following points should be noted:

• all work on the construction and further finishing of a bath from a bar can be performed without the help of third-party specialists;
• timber gives minimal shrinkage compared to all other wood-based materials;
• building a bath from a bar will require a much more modest cash investment compared to most other popular materials;
• prefabricated timber may initially have fasteners and you will only have to assemble individual elements into a structure right size like a constructor.

However, in order for a bath from a bar to fully show all its advantages and serve for the longest possible time, you must approach the choice of building material responsibly and competently.

What kind of timber can be used to build a bath?

The most important operational parameters of the finished steam room directly depend on the quality of the wood. First of all, pay attention that the logs are intact. No cracks or other defects are allowed. Even minor damage can lead to big trouble in the future, as a result of which the wood will rot and collapse.

Profiles of logs and beams

Make sure that there are no blue spots on the surface of the wood. Such defects indicate the presence of rot inside the material, the development of which in most cases is provoked by a variety of pathogens. It is impossible to use such material for the construction of a steam room and any other building.

There should be no noticeable signs of damage by beetles and other pests on the timber.

High-quality timber has a perfectly flat and smooth surface. It is strongly recommended to refrain from buying material with distortions and any other damage - when laying the crowns, all deviations will clearly appear.

Bath building guide

Pre-compile yourself, order or find a bath project in an open source. Calculate by project required amount building materials and start building a bath from a bar. Start by arranging the base.

The first stage is the foundation

The finished steam room made of wood will have a relatively small weight, which makes it possible to refuse the arrangement of monolithic buried foundation structures. A structure made of timber will feel great on an ordinary strip or column foundation.

To equip the base of the tape type, dig a trench around the perimeter and under the walls of the future building, fill the bottom of the pit with sand and gravel, lay the reinforcing mesh, install the formwork and pour concrete. The optimal foundation depth is 70-100 cm. When choosing a specific depth, be guided by the soil freezing rates for your region.

Strip foundation - construction procedure

The structure of a monolithic strip foundation

The foundation should rise above the ground by at least 50 cm - this will ensure necessary protection lower rims from excessive dampness.

Inside the perimeter of the strip base, pour strips of sand and gravel. In the future, you can fill them with concrete or build a wooden floor - choose a specific option at your discretion.

To equip a columnar foundation, it is necessary to erect supports made of bricks or concreted asbestos pipes along the perimeter, in the corners and under future interior walls baths. Under each such support, a concrete “cushion” should be pre-arranged. Place the posts in 150 cm increments.

The device of the supporting-columnar foundation

Regardless of the type of base chosen, it is necessarily subject to additional reinforcement.

Features of a columnar foundation with a grillage

Varieties of schemes for constructing a columnar foundation

Let the concrete gain strength for 3-5 weeks and proceed with further work.

The second stage - waterproofing the foundation

Waterproofing strip foundation with a special compound

Apply molten bitumen to the surface of the base, and a layer of roofing material on it. Let the bitumen harden and repeat the operations. As a result, you will get a reliable two-layer moisture protection.

Before proceeding with further work, soak all wooden elements antiseptic. Such processing should be carried out after the preparation of cuts for fastening the beams, if such cuts were absent initially.

The third stage - the first crown

Proceed to laying the first crown of walls. To do this, first lay the slats up to 1.5 cm thick, pre-treated with an antiseptic, on a waterproofed base. Lay the slats in increments of about 30 cm.

Laying the first crown of timber

Lay the first crown of bars on the slats. Thanks to the slats, the contact of the beam with the foundation of the bath will be excluded. This will provide additional protection against wood decay and will significantly extend the life of the material.

Scheme of assembling the first crown of a log house for a house from a bar

Lay the first crown so far without fixing. Make sure that it is laid correctly and evenly with a square and a level.

If necessary, align the lower crown beams, and then attach them to the foundation. There are several mounting methods. The most optimal and frequently used method involves fixing the beam with anchor bolts.

However, quite often, developers refuse to attach the lower beam to the foundation. In practice, the design stands perfectly even without fixing the lower crown, held by its own weight. The advantage of this solution is that in the future, if necessary, the beam of the lower crown can be replaced with much less effort.

Blow out the space between the first crown and the base with mounting foam.

Do-it-yourself log bath

Fourth stage - the rest of the crowns

Ideal for bath walls wooden beam section 15x15 cm.

Cover the first crown of the beam with heat-insulating material. For insulation, jute or moss is traditionally used. You can also use tow. In the case of moss or tow, the thermal insulation should be laid out with a 10 cm overlap at the edges. In the future, you will use the raised edges for the caulk.

How to build a bath from a bar

How to build a bath from a bar

Lay the second crown of the beam and fix it with wooden dowels. Pre-drill mounting holes of the appropriate diameter. Usually the length of one dowel is enough to fasten 2-3 rows of timber.

Lay out the walls of the required height. Every 3-4 rows, check the construction with a square and a building level. Place a sealant between the crowns.

How to assemble the walls of the log house

The top two crowns do not need to be fixed. The wood will shrink. Ceiling beams can be mounted only after the completion of wood shrinkage. To install the beams, the upper crowns will need to be dismantled.

Fifth stage - door and window openings

How to make door and window openings

There are two options for arranging openings for mounting doors and installing windows.

In accordance with the first option, the said holes are created after the construction of the log bath is completed. To do this, you must first leave small gaps in the crowns at the installation sites of doors and windows. The dimensions of the gaps depend on the dimensions of the installed products.

Door and window openings

After the construction of the bath is completed, you will simply have to make openings for mounting doors and windows with a chainsaw.

In accordance with the second method, openings for doors and windows must be left during the construction of the bath. This option requires more time and effort. To accomplish the task, you will need to use special grooves and bars with end cuts.

The sixth stage - caulking

Leave the finished timber box for "wintering" for a duration of 6-7 months. During this time, the wood will give sufficient shrinkage. For the period of "wintering" cover the beam with boards and slate.

If you used tow or moss as an interventional sealant, you can skip this step in the instructions - an additional caulk to your log bath with big share probability is not needed.

However, experts still recommend studying the state of the structure. If noticeable gaps are found, be sure to caulk. To do this, twist the tow or moss into a bundle and twist the material into the gap, followed by compaction.

You can also use jute sealant to fill the gaps. By most indicators, this material is superior to tow and moss, but it costs a little more.

Stage seven - the roof

The roof should become a reliable protection for your timber bath. The arrangement of the roof structure can only be started after the wood shrinks, otherwise the roof will lead and it will be significantly deformed.

First step. Lay wooden beams on top of the top wall trim.

Second step. Attach to fixed beams rafter legs in increments of 100 cm. To connect the rafters in the ridge part of the roof, cut them at the required angle.

Installation of a gable roof for a bath

Third step. Nail a solid flooring of boards to the rafters (if soft roll material will be used for finishing) or build a crate (if you plan to trim the roof with tiles, slate or other sheet material).

Methods for connecting rafters

Fourth step. Mount the final roofing in accordance with the instructions for the selected material.

How is the roof of the bath

Fifth step. Cover the roof ridge with galvanized iron. This will protect it from adverse environmental influences.

Sixth step. Sew up the gables of the roof with suitable improvised materials - clapboard, wooden board or siding. At this point, focus on your individual preferences.

After finishing roofing works proceed with the insulation and other insulation work, interior decoration and arrangement of the steam room in accordance with your project.

Building a bath with your own hands - step by step instructions!

Learn how to build a bath with your own hands. Detailed guide for the construction of timber structures. Photo + video.

Baths have come to our days since ancient times. Even in the era of the Scythians, mobile heaters and special tents were very popular. And in our time, even with the advent of a shower and a bath, the Russian bath has not become less common. It is visited not only in order to get satisfaction, but also in order to cleanse the body of harmful substances, improve overall health and get rid of diseases.

Now there are a variety of options for building a bath. It is popular to build a bath from foam blocks with your own hands, from a bar, frame-panel materials, a log house, a log.

Before starting work, the construction of a bathhouse may seem to many to be a very difficult task, but when it is compiled detailed plan, then it turns out that the phased construction of a bathhouse with your own hands is nothing difficult. There is a lot of work, but if you design the structure correctly and perform the work one after another (in stages), then over time you will be able to see your dream come true.

As you know, the bath has huge benefits for human health. Regular visits to it can significantly increase the tone of the body and improve it, as well as get rid of some diseases. The complexity of the issue lies in the fact that if you do not have your own bathhouse, then you have to visit paid establishments. And this implies additional cash costs, you have to adapt to the schedule of her work, neglect the rules of personal hygiene, because you never know who steamed in it in front of you and how it was then cleaned. Of course, it all depends on the institution itself, but nevertheless, these factors create a certain discomfort for lovers of steam rooms. In this regard, many have the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bbuilding their own bathhouse.

Initially, this idea may seem unsuccessful, because a lot of work needs to be invested. But when the first elements begin to be built, then a do-it-yourself bathhouse, the phased construction of which will already be planned, will rise before the eyes of the dreamer in a ready-made way, which will serve as an incentive to continue on the path to your goal.

Do-it-yourself frame bath construction

Before you start building a frame bath with your own hands, you should decide on a project that is suitable for bath procedures, which means that it must ensure heat conservation in the walls of the bath. Then, after the construction of the frame, insulation work is carried out.

The bath from such material has a number of advantages. It heats up quickly and retains heat for a long time if a sufficient amount of insulation has been installed. The cost of frame materials is relatively low. This was the reason for the increase in popularity for this type of construction of baths.

Construction of a bath from a bar

Many people choose to build a bath from a bar with their own hands, as the advantages of this material, to put it mildly, inspire confidence.

The raw materials for the material are ordinary trees, which means it is environmentally friendly. In addition, being in such a bath is very pleasant and useful.

The construction process, provided that the foundation is ready, takes a little time; such a bath will serve for many years.

Do-it-yourself turnkey construction of a bath from a bar in Krasnoyarsk.

As a rule, the building is divided into three sections: a room for a guy, washing and rest.

Do-it-yourself construction of a wooden bathhouse from a log house

The material for construction is rounded logs, which are pre-processed and ready to go to the construction site.

Bath from a turnkey log house

Usually, logs are purchased from manufacturers who number them. The task of the builders will be to stack the logs in the correct order. It is possible to erect a building both according to a standard and according to an individual project.

Bath construction plan

Before starting construction, it is necessary to draw up a plan for the future building, prepare drawings. To do this, you must first determine the size, which depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe plot allocated for construction. Then you can calculate the dimensions of the rooms.

A full-fledged bath includes a dressing room, rooms for a guy and washing (combined or not).

In order to understand the stages of construction and draw up a plan, you can find materials on this topic on the net. You just need to enter a request, for example: we build a bathhouse with our own hands, a phased demonstration of construction. After viewing the results, everything will become much clearer.

The main stages of the construction of the bath

Do-it-yourself step-by-step construction of a bath implies the implementation of each new stage after the completion of the previous one. In this case, a complex, at first glance, the process will seem time-consuming, but easy.

To understand how to build a bathhouse with your own hands in stages, a video from the Internet will help best. Or you have a familiar builder who can show and suggest. In any case, it is not worth starting work without first looking at what and how is being done.

Preparation of materials for the construction of a bath with their own hands

The most popular are the baths built of wood. They have many advantages over structures built from other materials.

Logs and several lower rows can be made from oak, which will positively affect the durability of the building. Further, four rows are laid out with logs from larch, and the last rows from linden or white spruce.

To build a bath, you need to use the middle part of the trunk, which must be dry and sanded. As a rule, wood is prepared in winter, due to the fact that it is not as wet as in warm seasons and dries faster.

Preparation of the foundation for the bath

When building a bath with your own hands, the foundation deserves special attention.

In order to choose what type of foundation to build, you need to determine the type of soil on the site.

A columnar (pile) foundation is built on slightly heaving soils. As a rule, pillars are installed at the joints of walls, both external and internal. If the distance between them is more than 2 meters, then another pole should be installed in the middle. The installation depth should not be less than 1.5 m and protrude another 30-40 cm from the ground.

The distance between the pillars is laid out with a brick, which deepens about 25 cm into the ground.

On heaving soil, a strip foundation is poured. To do this, you need to mark the area and dig a trench. Then fill the bottom with a layer of gravel and sand. After that, you need to erect the formwork, and pour concrete.

The depth of the trenches should be at least 40 cm, the width should be 30 cm. The foundation should protrude above the ground by about 15 cm. When pouring, be sure to use fittings.

Bath foundation waterproofing

The next stage is the implementation of waterproofing and the construction of the basement. To do this, use a brick, roofing material, pipe, masonry mesh, masonry mortar and mastic.

The device of the floor in the bath

For the floor, you can use clay, earth, wood or concrete.

In different rooms of the bath, the floors should be at different heights. In the steam room, the floor is 15 cm higher than in the washing room, in which the floors are 3 cm lower than in the dressing room.

The most practical option is the construction of a concrete floor with a ceramic coating.

How to make a floor in the bath

Sewerage in the bath

To drain wastewater from the bathhouse, you need to dig a well for it, a pit with a water seal and install pipes. All this must be built in accordance with the technology to ensure long-term trouble-free operation. Pipes need to be taken plastic, not iron.

Installation of a log house, a roof for a bath

If the bath frame was made by professionals, then it must be laid according to the numbers indicated on the logs.

Do-it-yourself construction of the bath roof is carried out using rafters, which are sheathed with boards, and then upholstered with roofing materials.

How to build a roof on a bath

Caulker of a bath house

To seal the gaps between the logs and insulate the walls of the house, you need to perform a caulk. To do this, you need hemp hemp, wool felt, linen tow and red moss.

You can also take factory materials, which have their advantages in the form of resistance to fungus and moths.

Installing the stove in the bath

Sauna stoves can be made of brick, cast iron or steel. Depending on the type of heating, they are wood, electric, gas or liquid fuel.

Kamenka stoves are equipped with a special chamber in which stones of different weights are placed.

Installation of a stove for a bath, insulation of the ceiling and walls in the bath

Plumbing and electricity in the bath

Water, as a rule, is supplied to the bath from a well or well.

The supply of electricity is practically no different from the supply to an ordinary house. It is only necessary that the characteristics of cables and devices comply with fire safety standards and be waterproof, as well as resistant to high humidity.

Internal Finishing work in the bath

Partitions in the bath room are made of brick or wood.

The ceiling is made in two layers. The first, which is attached to the lags, is rough, the second is finishing.

The windows in the bath are set small and not very high.

Doors must open outwards. The material for the manufacture of doors is sheet pile board with a thickness of 40-50 mm.

Bath shelves are made of linden, pine, aspen or poplar. There should be no knots, as they heat up more and can cause burns.

If someone is interested in “do-it-yourself bath building video”, which will show how it is done, you can find it on the Internet without much difficulty and build yourself a building that you can only dream of

How to build a bathhouse step by step with your own hands (Video instructions)

Complete step by step guide how to build a frame, wooden bath or frame bath with your own hands from and to. Video from the masters and tips for warming baths

Since ancient times, the bath has been a place where you can relax and unwind. These ancient buildings bypass even outdoor recreation in popularity.

How to build a bath yourself?

Building a bath with your own hands is a difficult task and its implementation will require a certain amount of knowledge, which you will soon learn about.

To build a bath with your own hands, you will need to familiarize yourself with the action plan:

• Design a bath
• Understand the stages of construction;
• Acquire building materials;
• Connect communications;
• Equip the bath from the inside.

After familiarizing yourself with the stages of construction, you need to decide on the place where the bath will be located, since a lot also depends on the location.

The best option would be if:

• the bath will be located on a hill, this will greatly simplify the installation of a water drain;
• next to the bath there will be a river or a reservoir;
• the window in the bath will be located opposite the house, which will allow you to observe its firebox.

For garden house the distance will be no more than 3 meters, and for buildings such as a bathhouse, this distance should not exceed 1 meter.

The design and drawings of the bath are best ordered from local designers, it will cost about 5,000 rubles. You can also search for ready-made sketches and photos of a bath on the Internet that best suit your preferences.

Bath made of brick, stone or blocks

Brick, stone or blocks can be used directly as materials for a brick bath.

To build a bath, it is necessary to dig a pit and fill it with 20 cm of sand, then it must be filled with water for compaction.

The second step will be laying rubble on top of sand 10 cm thick, which then needs to be covered with sand again.

The last step is to install a system for drainage and drainage of the building.

Bath from a bar

The first layer for the base of the bath will be laying sand at 20 cm, crushed stone is applied in the second layer, and concrete pouring is laid in the third layer. Key milestone will be the reinforcement of the building.

Metal rods must be inserted into the layers for a more durable structure, and as additional stability, metal plates must be laid in the middle, which are connected with wire.

Note!

The next stage of work is the blind area, which is needed so that the foundation of the bath is not washed with water.

It is best to make a blind area from clay, it is much stronger than concrete, and also does not form cold seams in the process. A layer of rubble must be poured over the blind area.

Next, you need to install a drain in the bath. First you need to dig a hole and bring its groove to the edge of the foundation of the building, cover the walls of the hole wooden planks with reinforced wire, and then pour everything with concrete.

Frame bath

The foundation for such a structure of the bath is made according to a simplified technology, which is the advantage of the frame bath. It is necessary to make a foundation of asbestos-cement pillars, which, after installation, are poured with a concrete mixture.

The next step is to mark the walls. Then you need to start connecting the boards using nails. From the boards, the upper and lower trim is assembled. The walls for such a bath are made in a lattice structure.

Note!

The materials that are needed for the walls are bars, insulation, and materials for the outside, such as OSB boards or a block house, and inside you can use the clapboard.

Materials for insulation and vapor barrier

It is worth warming the bath from the outside only with the condition of heating in the building.

For a wooden bath, it is necessary to make a grate that will be inserted into the insulation. The work will need mineral wool, the layer width of which will be 50 mm.

Floor in the bath

In the case of a frame bath, when it remains to insulate the floors, as well as install the floor boards, in addition, it is necessary to install logs, a subfloor, and fix the structure to remove steam, then lay the insulation and check the waterproofing.

It is best to make the floor of concrete, as this will allow the bath to dry faster and it will last much longer. Shields made of wood are laid on the concrete floor; they can later be taken out to dry and calmly leave on their own business.

Note!

DIY bath photo

A trip to the dacha is a joyful event, since there you can do a garden or landscaping, and then relax, having a steam bath, provided that it is there. We will tell you how to make a bath in the country with your own hands, demonstrate drawings, diagrams and photo instructions. You'll have to work hard, but it's worth it.

In your imagination, you probably already see how you approach the bathhouse, open the door and find yourself in a warm and cozy dressing room, and then into the steam room. Yes! This is exactly what will happen, but a little later. First you need:

• choose the right project;
• get acquainted with the stages of construction;
• buy construction material;
• build a bathhouse and bring all communications;
• finish the interior and only then bathe.

If, after reading the introduction, you have not lost the desire to make a bath in the country, then we will continue the topic, considering all the stages of construction.

Choosing a place for the construction of a bath

Often summer cottages are not large, but in addition to personal preferences and convenience, there are also norms that must be followed. Let's look at preferences first.

1. It would be better to put the bath on a hill, which will greatly simplify the organization of draining the water.
2. It is good when the bath is located next to a pond or river.
3. The rays of the setting sun penetrating the steam room through the window will relieve stress, but at the same time it is necessary to make sure that the entrance to the bath is clearly visible from the window country house. So you can watch the bathhouse being heated and the children, especially when a swimming pool is built in front of the entrance.
4. The bath can be made in the form of an extension to the house.

In order to avoid conflict situations with authorities or neighbors, the instructions of SNiP 30-02-97 must be observed. Paying attention to section 6, paragraphs 6, 7 and 8, you will find comprehensive information on the placement of the building on the site, but we will give only the numbers that you need in order to choose the best place for the bath.

Taking into account fire safety measures for buildings located on opposite sides of the passage, the distances indicated in the table must be adhered to:

The material from which load-bearing and enclosing structures are made		The distance, which directly depends on the material used in the construction of the building
	The same buildings using wooden elements
	Wooden and similar structures

As for the requirements regarding distances to the neighboring site, they are also unambiguous.

It is also important to take into account the requirements for the location of buildings on your site - a shower, bath and sauna should be at least 8 m from the garden house.

By the way, non-compliance with these norms can lead to litigation with a neighbor and the demolition or transfer of the bath to another place.

Bath project

When choosing a bath project, it is important to consider the material from which it will be built. There can be several types of structure:

1. Frame bath.
2. Wooden bath (from timber or rounded logs).
3. Bath made of brick, stone or blocks.
4. Arbolite building.

Having decided on the material, when choosing a project, make sure that it suits you according to all the criteria.

Material selection

So, having chosen a suitable project, in accordance with its requirements, you need to prepare building materials.

• Most often, summer residents prefer to build frame buildings, as they are the cheapest and successfully cope with their task. In addition, due to the low weight of such a design, the foundation also does not have to be spent much.
• The most favorite buildings are wooden. The cost of such a building will be somewhat higher, and the foundation will need to be made stronger, in contrast to the frame structure. Built in the country is good wooden bath does not need warming.
• Stone and brick are rarely used to build a bath in the country. This is due to the fact that such a heavy structure needs a strong foundation, and the walls freeze during long absences and such a bath needs to be warmed up for a long time. The exceptions are buildings made of foam and gas blocks. The requirements for the strength of the foundation are not so high, the walls turn out to be warm, but it is important to consider that this building material is very hygroscopic, so it must be protected from moisture.
• Arbolit is also often used in the construction of baths. Walls can be monolithic or built from blocks. The structure is warm, durable and inexpensive.

Wall materials

Since our article deals with several options use of various building materials, we will consider them separately.

frame structure

The walls of such a bath are made in a lattice structure. For the walls of the frame you will need:

• Timber of various sections, the dimensions and quantity of which are indicated in the project.
• Insulating material with high thermal insulation qualities for filling the frame. Again, you need to adhere to the requirements regarding the use of one or another insulating material, but here you need to take into account that the documentation often indicates one type of material, but not all possible ones. If the specified material is too expensive, then you can refer to the forums to clarify what is acceptable in your area.
• Material for sheathing the frame outside and inside. Most often for outer skin buildings use OSB boards, edged board, siding or block house, while clapboard is used inside.

wooden bath

For the construction of walls can be used:

• Natural debarked tree.
• Cut beam.
• Profiled bar.
• Glued beam.
• Round log.

Bath made of brick, stone or blocks

The walls of such a bath can be made of the following materials:

• Brick (ceramic or silicate).
• Stone (quarrystone, limestone, shell rock).
• Block (foam, slag, gas blocks).

Arbolite building

If it is possible to purchase sawdust inexpensively (or maybe you have your own), then at home it is quite possible to make arbolite blocks quite High Quality. Also, this building material in the form of finished blocks is on sale. Walls are built very quickly. Another advantage of using wood concrete is the ability to manufacture monolithic walls by pouring cement-shaving mortar into the formwork.

Materials for the ceiling in the bath

The dressing room and the rest room are warm rooms, so it is recommended to use materials with low thermal conductivity - aspen, linden or alder.

For sheathing the ceiling of the steam room, it is preferable to use wooden lining because it can withstand high temperatures. Pine or spruce products should not be used in this room, when heated, resin begins to stand out from this wood. It is also impossible to hem the ceiling with sheets of fiberboard and chipboard, since moisture and high temperature contribute to the release of fumes that can harm human health.

Materials for insulation and vapor barrier

It is advisable to perform external insulation only if the bath is heated. It is unlikely that someone will make such a luxury in the country, so we are considering materials for internal insulation unheated bath.

The frame bath does not need to be insulated, since the thermal insulation is laid inside the structure. IN wooden bath you need to make a crate into which the insulation is inserted. Other types of baths need insulation made using more complex technology.

To perform the work, mineral wool is required, the thickness of which is selected depending on the material used in the construction of the bath and climatic conditions. Usually a layer of at least 50 mm is laid. Insulation can be in the form of mats or in rolls.

As for vapor barrier, it is important to know that this is not waterproofing. Each has its own purpose. Even an inexpensive vapor barrier will do its job, while waterproofing, used for other purposes, can nullify all the work.

What you especially need to pay attention to is not to get a fake.

Decoration Materials

Insofar as we are talking about the bath in the country, we will not talk about chic types of finishes. The best option would be to use wood: lining or similar facing materials.

As for the exterior, it can be any material that is used for sheathing houses. If the bath is made of rounded logs, then it would be unreasonable to close the already beautiful facade with something else.

Bath construction

Now we will consider how the construction of a bathhouse in the country with our own hands can be done. It is clear that the work will be easier to do with an assistant, which may be one of the family members. At the initial stage of the work, some instructions can be given to children. Of course, they will not do everything and not as quickly as we would like, but if they feel that they are needed, then they will then be more careful about the bathhouse built with their participation.

But let's be realistic, small children will help a little, and if you build it alone, it will be a long-term construction, especially since some work cannot be done alone. As you read this article, you'll see when and how many helpers may be needed - this will help you plan everything.

markup

So, the plan has been chosen, the location has been decided, now let's start marking on the ground. To do this, in accordance with the scale specified in the project, transfer the contour of the bath to the area. In the place where the corner of the building will be, a long peg (or reinforcement) is hammered, and the lengths of two walls located at an angle of 90 ° are measured from it. The next pegs are hammered there, and the distances of other walls are measured from them. Finally, the last - the fourth peg is hammered.

Now, when there is a designated perimeter of the future structure, you need to check how straight the corners turned out. To do this, it is necessary to perform a check along the axes - measure the distance from one peg to another. The received data must match. If this is not the case, then the plane must be shifted, "shortening" the longest axis. After that, it will be necessary to check not only the axes, but also other dimensions, and, if necessary, correct them again.

If the foundation is tape, then a slight discrepancy can be left, but for a pile or column foundation, the marking must be very accurately done.

So we marked the dimensions of the bath in accordance with the design data. Further marking is performed depending on what the foundation will be. More details about this can be found in the table.

Foundation type	Where is it applied and how is markup performed
	This type of foundation, due to its high cost, is done only in cases where it cannot be dispensed with. Marking is carried out according to the size of the building or a little more when it is necessary that the foundation be wider and longer than the bath.
Tape	A very common type of foundation. Relatively inexpensive and durable. The marking is carried out in such a way that the tape filled with concrete passes along the perimeter of the building and under the walls.
Columnar	This type of foundation is also often found. It is mainly used for mounting wooden structures on it. Depending on the dimensions of the bath, the marking is carried out according to the number of manufactured supports.
Screw	It is believed that this type of foundation is new, but this is an erroneous conclusion based on the fact that it has recently been used in civil engineering. The screw foundation has stood the test of time, as the military has long begun to use it. The advantage of the foundation on screw piles is the speed and simplicity of its installation. The second advantage is that there is no need to carry out earthworks, so the site will remain clean. In addition, it can be used to build a bath even on a site with a significant slope. The marking is done according to the number of piles and no deviation to the side is allowed.

Weigh all the pros and cons, and then make the final decision regarding the choice of the type of foundation.

Foundation pouring

The manufacture of a shallow strip foundation is acceptable under the following conditions:

1. The soil in the area is dry and loose.
2. The groundwater level is quite low.
3. In winter, frosts are not very strong.
4. The buildings are not heavy.

Do not try to guess the type of foundation for a heavy structure. If you are not sure, then invite specialists who, after performing the appropriate checks, will give an accurate answer.

Let's start with a simpler and most commonly used shallow foundation for a bath.

• We have external markings, now we need to make internal ones, taking into account the fact that the width of the foundation must be at least 50 cm, and must protrude 5–10 cm from each side of the building. Therefore, if the bath is 3 × 4 m, then the largest size along the outer perimeter will be 3.2 × 4.2 m.
• It is important to take into account the installation location of the furnace and at the same time make the foundation for it.
• For convenience, in the corners you need to install wooden structures similar to benches. They need to be set in the same plane along the height of the future formwork and a measuring cord should be attached to them. How to do this is shown in the illustration.

• It is necessary to remove the fertile topsoil and put it aside, then dig a trench, the clay from which can then be used as a backfill.
• As for the depth of the trench, in some cases it can be 35 cm. Much depends on the depth of freezing and the soil itself. It is necessary to dig to a solid clay layer and in no case stop on the ground. Therefore, most often the depth is in the range of 50–60 cm.
• The bottom of the trench must be leveled by checking its horizontal level.
• Now it's time for the sand bed. It is necessary to pour a layer of sand into the trench, at least 15 cm thick, moisten with water and compact well. To do this, it would be more convenient to use a vibrotamper, but it can also be done manually, using a heavy bar with handles nailed to it.
• The next layer is poured with crushed stone of the middle fraction and also carefully rammed.
• Now it's the turn of the formwork, the height of which should reach the stretched cord. It can be made from improvised materials or wood harvested for other purposes, since this temporary structure will be dismantled shortly after pouring the foundation. Finished shields must be installed along the trench and well fixed, otherwise the poured concrete may move them.

• In order not to stain the boards, and so that the concrete does not flow out through the cracks, the formwork is closed from the inside with plastic wrap, which must be fixed with a stapler or thin nails.
• Now you need to make a frame of metal or plastic fittings, fastened with knitting wire.

• The fabricated frame should not reach the edges of 5 cm. It must be carefully lowered into the trench so as not to tear the film protecting the formwork. To raise the frame above the bedding, you need to put pieces of granite under it, since, unlike brick, it will not crumble under the influence of moisture.
• If any communications pass through the foundation, then you need to leave holes for them, which will help the sleeves, as done in the photo above. The same applies to the manufacture of products.
• Plan your time in such a way as to pour the foundation with concrete in a day, since breaks are not allowed here - then the tape will not be monolithic. It is convenient to deliver the concrete with a mixer and pour it directly from it, otherwise it will have to be kneaded in a concrete mixer, on the basis that M400 cement will need 1 bucket, sand - 3, crushed stone (or gravel) - 5 buckets.
• The foundation poured with concrete should be compacted with a vibrator or bayoneted. After shrinkage, you need to add a little concrete and level the site. If a foundation is being made for a wooden house, then foundation bolts must be fixed in uncured concrete.
• Not earlier than a week later, you can remove the formwork.

It should be remembered that concrete has not yet gained full strength, so it must be handled with care or wait 28 days, and only then build a bath.

Video: building a foundation for a bath

Wall masonry

When building a bath from blocks, stone or brick, you need to level the foundation with a cement-sand mortar, and lay a roofing material folded in half on it. Masonry starts from the corners. Having installed the first blocks on the cement-sand mortar, you need to make sure that they are in the same plane, and only after that a twine is pulled along the upper outer edge, which serves as a guide for laying a number of building materials.

When laying the next row, the masonry mixture may differ: a wall of brick and shell rock is erected on a cement-sand mortar, while mixtures recommended by the manufacturer are used for laying lightweight blocks.

Having installed the jumpers above the doors and windows, you need to install the formwork on top and make an armored belt, fixing the foundation bolts in it for the subsequent fastening of the Mauerlat board. After the concrete has hardened, it will be possible to proceed with the manufacture of the roof.

The construction of the frame of the bath

The basis of such a bath is a wooden frame, which is insulated and sheathed. various types finishing materials. It is necessary to choose high-quality materials and follow the sequence of their installation.

For the manufacture of the frame, boards from well-dried larch, aspen or linden will be needed, because this wood has low thermal conductivity. The manufactured shields will be resistant to deformation.

On the foundation, a frame of the lower trim is made from a beam of 100 × 100 mm. At the ends of the bars, you need to make cuts in half the thickness and fasten them together with self-tapping screws. If 50 × 100 mm bars are used, then the frame can be assembled end-to-end using metal corners. The dimensions of the bar used depend on the type of foundation, design and dimensions of the bath.

• At the next stage, the end strapping board is installed, and the floor logs are attached to it right next to it. A beam of 50 × 100 mm is used.
• On the opposite side, the logs are cut in such a way that a second end strapping board can be installed.
• The logs must be arranged so that the prepared insulation becomes close between them, then the end strapping boards are nailed.
• The wall frame is assembled from a 50 × 100 mm beam, and then installed in its place, all parts are fastened into a single structure.

To ensure the vapor barrier of the frame bath, you need to use a vapor barrier film, which will avoid the accumulation of moisture inside the frame. Mineral wool or fiberglass is used as a heat-insulating material. They are able to provide a high level of sealing without disturbing the natural air exchange.

It is preferable to carry out insulation and wall cladding after the installation of the roof. This approach will protect the wood and insulation from getting wet.

Floor

If in the frame bath it remains only to insulate the floor and lay the floorboard, then for other buildings you will have to work harder - you need to install logs, make a subfloor, fix the vapor barrier, lay insulation, perform waterproofing, lay the floorboard, which will have to be changed in a few years. Considering that the dacha in the dacha will not be thoroughly dried due to the lack of time for this, because after the weekend you will need to quickly leave for the city, then if there is such an opportunity, it would be preferable to make a concrete floor and tile it. They fit on it wooden shields, which can be taken out to dry in the barn and calmly go home.

It is clear that for a frame and other structure installed on a columnar or pile foundation, only a wooden floor with insulation is acceptable. This process is described in more detail in the next two videos.

Video: how to install floor beams, make insulation and provide a drain in the bath

roof construction

Above any bath there should be a reliable roof, but the options for creating it can be different. In any case, you need to lay waterproofing, and then thermal insulation, think about the type of roof and the choice of a suitable roofing material. Without waterproofing, steam will freely enter the attic, and, settling on beams and rafters, will contribute to their rapid destruction. In addition, the condensate formed on the roofing material will begin to drain onto the insulation, which will affect the properties and durability of the latter.

The type of terrain has a great influence on the choice of the type of roof, since the technical parameters of the structure must be taken into account.

• So, in a holiday village, especially when it is located among tall trees, you can safely make a high gable roof.
• If the cottage is located in the steppe zone, blown by all the winds, then the slope for the roof must be made minimal.
• With small sizes of baths and minor snow loads, the roof can be made single-pitched. The same roof is most often made in a bathhouse attached to the house.

Video: how to make a bath roof

Interior and exterior decoration

Although wood is most often used for interior decoration, not all wood is suitable for this purpose. It is necessary to choose the right material, especially for a steam room, in which a high temperature is created with high humidity. It should be said right away that pine lumber, as well as fiberboard, chipboard and linoleum, cannot be used to finish this room. Therefore, you need to purchase lining made of larch or linden.

As for other rooms, the conditions there are not so extreme, therefore there are no such high requirements for the material used - what cannot be used in a steam room is perfect for a rest room and dressing room. Pine lining in the dressing room will exude a pleasant aroma and create a feeling of comfort.

Finishing a wooden and brick bath with clapboard is almost the same. First, a crate is attached to the wall, and a lining is already attached to it. An exception is the steam room, in which there should be heat-reflecting foil under the crate.

Exterior decoration is carried out not only to make the bath beautiful, but also to protect it. To finish the bath from the outside, you can use the following materials:

• Imitation of a bar.
• Siding.
• Clapboard.
• Block house.
• Facade tiles.
• Dye.

You just have to choose the right material and finish the facade.

Ventilation in the bath

Sometimes there is still such an opinion that good ventilation in the steam room is useless, since all the heat comes out through it, and it is made very weak, or it is completely absent. But there is another extreme, when the ventilation process is not controlled, and the heat escapes from the bath. In such a steam room at the top it is very hot, and the legs are cold.

In fact, while taking bath procedures, the air in the room should be updated 2-3 times per hour, but this is not enough, since ventilation must be done correctly. Usually the inlet is located at the bottom near the boiler, and the exhaust is under the ceiling on the opposite side. While the steam room is warming up, the exhaust window is closed. Then it opens, and warm air begins to rapidly leave the room. As a result, the steam room becomes cool and uncomfortable. You can make ventilation, as in the diagram.

Such a device allows you to hold back warm air under the ceiling, and half-cooled air comes out through the hole located below (B), so it will be comfortable in the steam room. When the steam room needs to be thoroughly ventilated, the top vent (A) opens.

In addition to the steam room, ventilation is necessary in every room of the bath. In order not to waste precious heat in vain, you can make it possible to close the ventilation openings during those hours when there is no need for ventilation.

Furniture

The canopy and all the furniture for the country bath can be made independently. If there is no desire to make something else, then the network has many offers for the sale of everything you need to give.

With a strong desire to save on furniture, you can review old stocks. Maybe there is something that needs to be repaired, but does not get around to it? After a little restoration, such furniture can last a long time. The main requirement is not to use chipboard furniture, as this material will deteriorate very quickly from high humidity.

Schemes

Photo: original baths

Sometimes you really want to leave the hustle and bustle of the city, and go to the country. Silence, walks, doing what you love - what could be better! If comfort is provided at the dacha, I want to come again and again. One of comfortable conditions living in the country house is a bathhouse.

Construction can, of course, be entrusted to professional builders. However, to build and equip a bathhouse on suburban area quite capable on their own. This saves you from additional expenses and allows you to finish and improve in full accordance with your desires and preferences. Therefore, this task is not easy, but it is quite within the power of a novice builder. A bathhouse built with your own hands will delight the owners even more. So, how to build a bath yourself?

Firstly, as with any construction, you first need to decide on the project and the materials from which the bath will be built. The choice of base material for construction depends on geographical location and operating conditions, as well as on their own capabilities.

Baths are made of brick, aerated concrete and other stone materials, some prefer frame baths, however, many novice builders prefer to build a bath from wood. This lightweight and durable material does not require a serious and expensive foundation, but it has excellent characteristics. With proper care, the operation of the bath will not cause much trouble.

And of course, preference should be given to timber - a bath made of this material will retain all the advantages of a wooden structure and eliminate the problems and additional costs that may arise during the construction of log walls. Building walls from a beam is similar to working with a constructor - it can have different geometric dimensions and cross-sections (rectangle, square, semicircular), and also, in the case of a profiled beam, there are grooves for fastening. Building from timber is easy and convenient - what could be better for a novice builder!

How to choose a place to build a bath.

One of the most important points- the choice of the location of the future building. The place must satisfy both existing legislation and usability. Here are some basic tips to help you choose:

• if there is a reservoir nearby, you should not place the bathhouse too close to it, as the building will be threatened by flooding;
• it is necessary to decide how the bath will be located relative to the house: a separate building or will be attached to it, since each option has its positive and negative sides;
• it is believed that it is better to build a bath in the backyard, in relative seclusion;
• it is necessary to provide mandatory ventilation during construction, as well as to provide for the disposal of wastewater;
• it is highly discouraged to determine the location next to the road passing nearby;
• when placing a building, it is necessary to take into account the cardinal points and the direction of the wind: the best place- the southern part of the site, protected from the wind, so that it does not interfere with vacationers, it is better to have windows facing the west;
• it is desirable that the bathhouse be at some distance from other buildings, and if it is an extension to the house, it is imperative that fire safety rules be observed during construction, as, indeed, when erecting a separate building;
• when determining the placement of the bath and its size, it is necessary to observe the distances established by the rules from the boundaries of the site so that the neighbors do not experience discomfort in the future and do not make claims to the owner;
• it is recommended to observe the distance to the water intake (well or well) - no more than 20 meters.

At the beginning of construction, it is highly desirable to make a project, which should, among other things, determine the optimal building area.

It is believed that the estimated area for 1 person should be approximately 5 sq.m. Thus, if the expected number of visitors to the bath is 4 people, its total area should not be less than 20 sq.m.

The minimum composition of the premises is as follows: a steam room, a washing room, a rest room and a dressing room. It is important to determine the most convenient location of these rooms relative to each other, as well as their geometric dimensions.

First you need to complete several diagrams and drawings:

- the general plan of the building;
- drawings of each room separately;
- a diagram of the foundation device;
- scheme of the roof device;
- plan for fastening and laying out the timber;
- a plan for the installation of the floor and ceiling of the bath;
- a diagram of the installation of the furnace, taking into account its design features.

All the necessary drawings can be done independently, as well as found in a variety of open sources. As a rule, log baths have similar designs and you can easily choose the most suitable one. If you wish and have the necessary budget, you can entrust the design to a professional architect or builder.

Choice of building materials.

Below is a list of materials that will be needed to build a bath from a bar:

a) beam 150x150 mm, although it is possible to use a beam with a section of 100 mm or 200 mm;

b) batten(perfect fit edged board 150x50 mm, 4 meters long);

c) hardwood boards for ceiling installation (usually lining is used with a width of 100 mm and a thickness of 20 mm or more);

d) material for wall decoration (as a rule, the same lining is used);

e) vapor barrier material ( great option there will be a vapor barrier film);

f) waterproofing (it is desirable to use penofol, although plastic film is suitable);

g) ceiling insulation (a good option is mineral wool materials);

h) sheet asbestos for insulation of wooden structures from temperature effects, including for walls near the furnace and elements located near the chimney;

i) cement, sand and gravel for the foundation (recommendation - cement should be purchased before construction begins);

to) roofing material for the roof, which can be selected based on personal preferences and, most importantly, that it fits organically into the surrounding roofs of other buildings;

l) insulation for interventional space (it is better to use jute, although moss or tow are perfect).

The best time to start construction is spring, because after the completion of the main construction work, it is necessary for the timber to dry and shrink. This requires at least 6 months.

Do-it-yourself bath - step by step instructions.

Step I - preparation of the territory for construction.

Before starting construction, it is necessary to clear the site - remove shrubs, stumps, remove debris and everything that will interfere with the work on the foundation.

Step II - building the foundation.

It is best to build a bath from a bar on a columnar foundation, which is inexpensive and great for building small wooden and frame buildings.

When constructing it, you first need to dig the estimated number of holes for the installation of supports. Their number is calculated as follows - the supports must be installed in the corners of the building and at the intersections of the walls, as well as with a certain step along their perimeter.

The step is selected taking into account the type of soil and the estimated total weight of the structure. The depth of the pits should be 1-1.5 meters, although it may vary depending on the depth of soil freezing in a given area. To perform this type of foundation, in addition to the materials listed above, asbestos-cement pipes and fittings will be required.

At the bottom of the pit, it is necessary to fill in a mixture of sand and gravel with a thickness of 10-15 cm. Then install an asbestos-cement pipe of the required length into it, strictly vertically, and fix it. Several reinforcement bars should be placed inside the pipe.

After that, pour concrete mortar into the pipe and into the free space between the walls of the pit and the pipe.

After pouring the solution, you need to wait a few days, and then lay a wall half a brick thick between the pillars.

Step III - erecting walls and arranging the roof.

The traditional material for the construction of the walls of the bath is a beam measuring 150x150 mm. Before laying the first crown, it is imperative to put waterproofing on the foundation. The lower part of the crown must be treated with an antiseptic. Most often, the beam is laid out in the “paw” way.

The first crown must be carefully aligned according to geometric parameters - all angles must be exactly 90 degrees. After the first crown has been erected, the laying of the beams for the set of walls begins. When laying out the walls, you need to make openings for future doors and windows and be sure to insulate each row with the selected heat-insulating material.

To connect the crowns, dowels are used - metal or wooden pins.

After the walls are removed, the roof is installed. Depending on the chosen shape of the roof, it is necessary to fix the rafters, which are attached to the upper crown with brackets.

When constructing a shed sloping roof, the rafters are fixed either with two external or one external and one internal supports. When erecting a gable roof, it is necessary to securely support the rafters from below on the wall, and connect them together from above to form a roofing ridge.

Lathing boards are attached to the fixed rafters, then hydro- and vapor barriers and insulation are laid on them.

The installation of the selected roofing material completes the installation of the roof.

Step IV - interior finishing work.

Interior decoration should begin with a communications device - sewerage, plumbing, electricity. Sewerage should be taken care of even when designing and building a foundation.

It is necessary to dig a drainage well next to the future bath, which includes a sewer pipe buried in the ground with a slope to remove wastewater from the washing department.

After the installation of the sewerage system, a finishing floor is made, which is made of wood or concrete. The concrete floor is more durable, most often it is faced tiles or porcelain stoneware.

If a wooden floor is chosen for interior decoration, it is usually made leaky. To do this, the floor boards are nailed to the installed lags with a small gap, or a small drain hole closed by a grate is equipped in the floor.

In this case, the floor must be done with a slight slope towards the drain. Then the water that gets into the drain will be through sewer pipe discharged into a drainage well.

After the sewerage installation, it is necessary to carry out insulation, hydro- and vapor barrier of the walls and ceiling with the help of appropriate materials, conduct electricity and plumbing.

After installing windows and doors, then finish the room with the help of, for example, lining.

After finishing the finish, you need to install the necessary electrical appliances.

Step V - installation of the oven and shelves.

There are a lot of options for placing shelves, you just need to follow the recommended dimensions and that they must be made of hardwood. The installation principle is simple - a stable frame is mounted, usually from a bar, and boards are attached to it.

The installation of the furnace must be carried out in full compliance with fire safety requirements. wooden structures must be isolated from the high temperatures of the operating furnace and chimney. When heavy weight furnace, its installation must be carried out on a specially equipped foundation. This is determined on a case-by-case basis depending on the furnace chosen.

The stove is selected depending on the preferences of the owner. It can be a traditional wood-burning stove, a metal wood-burning or electric stove, sometimes it is advisable to choose a gas stove for a bath.

Step VI - Choosing Accessories

There are many accessories for the bath.

The main ones are:

- brooms (oak, birch and others);
- containers (buckets, basins);
- a wooden bucket for adding water;
- wooden gratings on the floor and much more.

Additional individuality can add interior decoration premises, which remains at the discretion of the owner - here, depending on the desires and financial capabilities, you can give free rein to your imagination.

It must be added that all of the listed accessories can be made independently. Bath is a great place to spend time in a pleasant, friendly company or with family. It will be much more pleasant to realize that all this is done with your own hands, including useful and necessary fixtures: for example, hangers, lamps or ventilation grilles.

Enjoy Your Bath!

Video about the construction of the bath yourself.