What insulation is better for the walls of a wooden house inside under the lining? Features of warming a wooden house from the inside How to insulate walls from the inside of a wooden house
It is much easier to insulate a house in which there is no interior decoration yet than to do it in an already fully equipped and ennobled house. Do not rush into any interior work until every room in the house is properly insulated. Thanks to modern materials, you can do it yourself. Any room will be cozy and comfortable if you approach the matter competently and carefully read the technology for insulating the ceiling, walls and floor.
Insulation of the ceiling of a wooden house
As a rule, ceiling insulation is not treated responsibly. Many people think that it is not necessary to insulate it, but this is far from the case. The air that people try so hard to warm in winter rises up and goes through the ceiling to the street. Making a serious mistake - leaving the ceiling not insulated, many themselves, without knowing it, lose half of the heat, they senselessly spend money on warmth fading into the unknown.
Ceiling insulation material:
- Mineral wool. This material is not expensive, but reliable and easy to install. He is one of the few heaters with whom you can work on your own without calling for help from other workers and, most importantly, do not pay them money.
- Glassine. Used as a waterproofing material is used.
For frame structures and sheathing you will need:
- Cutting board.
- Nails, glue, polyurethane foam.
- Drywall.
Ceiling insulation tools:
- A hammer.
- Hacksaw.
- Screwdriver.
- Electric jigsaw.
- Tile adhesive.
Stages of ceiling insulation:
- From edged board making a frame you need to be prepared for the fact that this will reduce the height of the room. The distance between the boards of the frame should be no more than 1 meter.
- Between the boards of the frame it is necessary glue glassine, without leaving empty spaces, so that the material holds well, it needs to be smeared a little with tile adhesive.
- Over glassine we lay the insulation- mineral wool. Do not leave holes between the insulation. If the material does not hold, use tile adhesive in small quantities.
- The last step is plasterboard ceiling lining. Using a screwdriver, we fasten sheets of drywall to a wooden frame.
It is necessary to insulate the ceiling from the inside in the warm season and not earlier than 1 year after the construction of the house. Only in this case, the insulation will pass correctly and last for many years.
If you decide to insulate the walls wooden house from the inside, you need to know what in this case on the walls can condensation will form. The northern places of the globe are especially subjected to this, where it is very cold in winter and warm in the rooms. This happens due to the effect of a temperature difference, during which the dew point moves into the insulation layers. This situation can be corrected film, which is used together with a heater, or to carry out good ventilation.
Required inventory
- Jigsaw, impact drill, screwdriver, mallet, tape measure, level, plumb lines, chisel, screwdriver, hammer.
- Wooden bars.
- Felt, foam or tow.
- Material for wall insulation, for example, glass wool.
- Drywall.
- Putty.
Modern materials for thermal insulation of walls
- Ecowool- this material perfectly fills all the cracks and voids present in the walls, at the same time preventing blowing through the walls. It does not allow moisture to penetrate inside, thus preventing the occurrence of fungal infections. One of the few breathable materials.
- glass wool- choosing this material in the insulation, you should take care of the thermal insulation in the room, as glass wool allows a small amount of moisture to pass through, as a result, thermal insulation properties deteriorate.
- Styrofoam- one of the most common materials for wall insulation in wooden houses. Primarily beckons with its cheapness. Also positive qualities are elasticity and lightness. The material has heat and sound insulating qualities.
wall insulation technology
All cracks in the wall must be sealed. foam, linen felt or tow. You can choose any material that is more convenient to work with. We make a crate from a wooden beam. We place a place for installing the extreme elements of the crate. Particular attention should be paid to this it depends on the first bars how smoothly the next ones will be attached, so use a level and plumb lines to verify.
If the definition of the first beam is completed, it should be fixed with screws and dowels. Should be fixed every 25-30 cm. Then we measure 1 meter from the first beam and fasten the second one in the same way parallel to the first, etc. until the full perimeter of the crate is formed on the entire wall. If there are window openings on the way, they should be beaten with bars in a circle.
Each beam must be treated with antiseptics to prevent rot and fungus. The crate is ready. Between the bars should be laid insulation. You do not need to use glue, the material will already hold tightly between the crate and the wall.
Making insulation. Used for insulation film or polyethylene, it is superimposed on top of the insulation with small allowances at the edges.
The last step is finishing. We cover the walls with plasterboard, we fasten it to the crate of the bars, it is important that the plates fit snugly against each other. If cracks appear, they should be filled.
Insulation of the floor of a wooden house
Tools and materials for work:
- Hammer, drill, saw, electric jigsaw.
- Nails, tape measure, pencil, knife.
- Level, planer.
- Mineral wool.
Concrete floor in private wooden house Definitely needs to be warmed up. It is worth noting that the process of floor insulation is not easy, but you can do it yourself by spending your personal time and effort. Consider the method - "raised floor", it will raise the floor at least 6 cm, but makes the room much warmer.
Mineral wool for floor insulation
Mineral wool has been inexpensive but effective material.
Advantages mineral wool:
- This material sound and heat insulating.
- Excellent features and reviews.
- Duration service life.
- Low density.
- Does not deform practically under no circumstances.
- The price is always available for any citizen.
- Available in 2 types: flexible mats or rigid boards.
The only competitor to mineral wool is expanded polystyrene, which boasts of its practicality and ease of installation.
Insulation of a wooden house should be carried out completely, it is necessary to insulate ceiling, walls and floor. If the ceiling is insulated and there is no wall, warm air will still leave the room through microcracks and then all work will be in vain. On the modern market you can buy a lot of thermal insulation coatings and tools for home insulation. If you approach the matter competently, even an old wooden house will be cozy and warm in the coldest winters.
Video of warming a wooden house
12.06.2018
Wooden houses are usually insulated from the outside to protect the tree from moisture condensation and destruction. Sometimes thermal insulation is carried out on both sides, but in some situations it is necessary to dwell on only one internal insulation. For example, if the mansion is an object cultural heritage, and according to the law, nothing can be changed in the design of the facade. The same decision can be made by the owner of a cottage made of logs, for which the authenticity of the house is the basis. landscape design site. In any case, using modern materials, you can insulate a wooden house from the inside without endangering the outer walls. To do this, you need to choose a suitable insulation and follow all the installation rules.
Preparatory stage
Before proceeding directly with the installation of insulation, preparation is necessary. It will allow you to avoid many troubles in the future: condensation, wetting or freezing of walls, the formation of cold bridges, the appearance of pests and mold inside the tree and on its surface. In addition, two other important points must be taken into account.
- Any wooden structure shrinks. Due to the drying of wood, logs or beams can change their geometry, adjoining each other more closely, or, conversely, forming gaps. Therefore, it is worth making insulation 2-3 years after the construction of the house. This will save the heat-insulating layer and interior decoration from deformation.
- You also need to decide how much usable space you are willing to lose by insulating the house - this affects the choice of materials. For example, if the premises are not spacious enough, you should pay attention to such insulation as PENOPLEX. It allows you to achieve a high level of thermal protection with minimal thickening of the walls.
Rules for carrying out work on insulation
If the house is ready for thermal insulation, it's time to take care of the preparation directly for the installation itself. You will need the following tools and materials:
- insulation for sealing cracks in the walls: tow, jute, sealant;
- for laying natural sealants - a set of chisels, for synthetic - a spatula;
- flame retardant composition for wood processing;
- roller, wide brush or spray gun for applying fire protection;
- hydro and vapor barrier films;
- foil tape;
- construction stapler;
- wooden bars and slats for mounting the crate;
- self-tapping screws;
- insulation, calculated based on the area of \u200b\u200bthe walls with a small margin;
- tool for cutting material;
- level and plumb, tape measure, screwdriver, screwdriver, hammer.
Types and types of insulation materials
Particularly stringent requirements are imposed on the insulation for the walls of a wooden house inside. Among them: low thermal conductivity, moisture resistance, health safety and durability. These qualities will allow to preserve and increase the advantages of a wooden house, and the people living in it will be protected from the vagaries of nature. When choosing a material, focus on the one that best meets your priority requirements. Sometimes price or ease of installation can be the deciding factor.
For internal insulation cottages made of wood use the following types of insulation:
- PENOPLEX (extruded polystyrene foam). It is made in the form of plates, convenient for installation. If ordinary polystyrene foam (styrofoam) is short-lived, absorbs moisture, can release harmful substances and therefore is not recommended for internal insulation, PENOPLEX does not have these disadvantages. Its safety for health is officially confirmed by a hygienic certificate. It has the lowest thermal conductivity of all the described materials, does not absorb moisture, and mold and fungi do not form on it. Among its other advantages are good soundproofing qualities and lightness. Extruded polystyrene boards are strong and durable - they will last more than 50 years. When using it, the internal volumes of the room do not decrease as noticeably as when laying other heat insulators, because the plaster can be applied directly to PENOPLEX. In addition, the material is ideal for vertical installation - its compressive strength is at least 15 tons per square meter! This means that the insulation will not be subject to deformation or shrinkage during prolonged use.
- Mineral wool. It copes well with thermal insulation and is good for soundproofing structures. But this material easily absorbs moisture, while losing heat-shielding functions, and also has low strength. You cannot directly apply a finish on it, you will have to cover it with a strong, even material, for example, drywall. Given this, as well as the thickness of the mats, such insulation will significantly reduce the volume of the room. During installation, attention should be paid to the protection of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract, since small particles of mineral wool are hazardous to health.
- Ecowool. This material is a loose homogeneous mass, which is either blown into an insulating cake using pneumatic equipment, or diluted in a special paste and applied according to the principle of plaster. The insulation is made from shredded waste paper, so it absorbs moisture and needs to be protected from it. It has a higher thermal conductivity than PENOPLEX. And it shrinks over time.
- Polyurethane foam. This is sprayed thermal protection. Requires mandatory cladding, which increases the cost of insulation. The material itself is very expensive in Russia, in 2-3 (two - three)!!! times more expensive than other types of insulation. Requires work in protective equipment. In addition, special equipment is required for application. A very expensive heating solution.
Surface preparation for insulation
Work begins with the preparation of the surface of the walls. Wood is a comfortable natural environment for the development of microorganisms. Therefore, before thermal insulation, it must be treated with bioprotective compounds. Liquid bioprotection can be applied with a brush, roller or spray gun. After this, it is necessary to wait for the complete drying of the applied composition.
IMPORTANT! In the process of shrinking the house, gaps may appear between the logs, even if they were originally laid perfectly. In addition, the wood gradually dries out, due to which cracks form in it. So that heat does not go out through the seams, and moisture does not get inside, you need to seal the problem areas with synthetic or natural sealant.
Natural fibrous materials, such as tow and jute, are laid into cracks and crevices, forming rollers from them. With the help of chisels, the fiber is hammered into the hole. And the cracks are closed in a way called "warm seam".
- The protruding cushioning material, laid between the logs or timber during the assembly of the log house, is cut.
- A polymer sealant is laid in the seam. It is available in the form of a tape (for small cracks) and a cord (for large gaps). Sealant is required. At the same time, the sealant applied over it will stick only to the logs or timber, without adhering to the filler itself. Due to this, the structure will be resistant to compression and stretching during further shrinkage of the wood.
- When all problem areas are filled, a synthetic sealant is applied using a mounting gun. The seam is leveled with a spatula, the excess sealing gel is removed.
Ventilation and vapor barrier
Closing all the cracks outer wall, heat loss can be avoided. But a new problem appears: the air stops circulating, and the moisture has nowhere to go. So that it does not accumulate and does not destroy the tree, you need to take care of two things: ventilation and vapor barrier.
The first of them is worth thinking about even at the stage of building a house. The best way- forced ventilation with supply and exhaust systems. If the budget does not provide for them, it is advisable to equip windows and doors with special slotted valves. Ventilation will save the room from the “greenhouse” effect, when high humidity will accumulate in it during the cold season.
Protection of the insulation from moisture is achieved in another way - with the help of a vapor barrier film. It is fixed indoors on top of the already glued heat insulator. Fixing with a construction stapler, the vapor barrier is placed in tension, and at the joints it is laid with an overlap of 15 cm and then glued with adhesive tape.
Note! Laying a vapor barrier is mandatory if hygroscopic materials are used as a heater: mineral wool, ecowool. When using PENOPLEX, this step can be skipped, since extruded polystyrene foam does not absorb moisture.
Do-it-yourself wooden wall insulation technology inside the house
For different materials she is different. In this article we will consider the procedure for installing PENOPLEX. Laying can begin after the surface is prepared and dried.
- It is more convenient to start mounting sheet or slab material from below. And PENOPLEX is no exception. We fix the horizontal bar as a beacon and begin work.
- We apply special PENOPLEX® FASTFIX® glue on each plate in strips - it does not change the properties of the insulation, which is important. This material is sensitive to certain substances in other adhesives.
- Then we attach the sheets to the wall in a checkerboard pattern.
- For greater reliability, we fix each of them on the dowels in the corners.
- Joints can be filled with PENOPLEX® FASTFIX® adhesive foam. But since they have L-shaped grooves that fit tightly into each other, this moment is not among the mandatory ones.
So let's recap. To get high-quality thermal insulation, resorting to spraying with polyurethane foam or blowing ecowool, it is worth hiring specialists. Firstly, you will need professional equipment, and secondly, it is difficult to calculate the density of the layer yourself, and it is difficult to make installation without gaps.
PENOPLEX, on the contrary, will not require the cost of attracting forces from outside. To carry out the work does not require specific skills and tools. It is only important to follow all the recommendations and, of course, purchase original material from the manufacturer.
Wooden buildings retain heat well. But if in a warm climate to maintain comfortable conditions Since the house has enough natural properties of wood, then in regions with low winter temperatures, the house must be additionally insulated. Installation of a heat insulator is carried out on walls, floors, ceilings - if any surface is left uncoated, the insulation of a wooden house from the inside will be less effective. It would be best to do the insulation even during construction - it is much more difficult to carry out work in a habitable room
When installing the insulation, a gap must be left between it and the finish for air circulation. This helps to prevent the accumulation of moisture in the rooms, the appearance of mold and mildew.
How wooden houses are insulated inside
Most often, houses made of timber are insulated inside various types construction wool - basalt (mineral), fiberglass and others. These are light and affordable materials, environmentally friendly. The industry produces rolled and block types of cotton wool.
Basalt wool retains heat well, but lets air through. Thanks to this quality, fungus and mold do not appear in the rooms.
glass wool absorbs a lot of moisture, so in order to avoid condensation, an additional layer of waterproofing is made for it. A big disadvantage of glass wool is its complex structure. The material is saturated with a large amount of glass microparticles (hence the name). When working with cotton, they get into the respiratory organs, on clothes. For safe work with glass wool, special clothing and a respirator are required.
All types of wool are easy to install. To install a heat insulator from such a material, high qualifications are not required. Roll types of cotton wool have high plasticity, but they are less dense than block ones. When working with roll materials, you can cut required amount insulator. Tiled ones are made of the same size, therefore, during installation, the battens take into account the size of the pieces.
Warming wooden walls it is also carried out with polystyrene foam or expanded polystyrene.
Styrofoam popular due to its low cost. In addition, it is easy to work with and retains heat well. It is a good sound insulator. The disadvantage is the release of toxic substances during combustion.
Preparatory work
How to properly insulate the walls of a wooden house from the inside, largely depends on the right materials. If this issue is resolved, then you can proceed to preparatory work, which consist in preparing the surface and making the crate.
For reference! When preparing the surface, it is required to close the gaps that may have appeared between the bars or logs. For this you will need Additional materials: tow, felt or polyurethane foam.
Wooden blocks are most often used as crates. Rarely mount a metal crate. The metal for the crate must be coated with an anti-corrosion compound.
Preparation of wooden surfaces
For high-quality application of the insulator, the surface is prepared for coating with insulation. Tow/felt/foam is placed in the slots. After the gap is completely closed, the foam has dried and its excess is removed, putty is applied to the wall. The putty layer is carefully leveled. The wood is coated with a special composition that protects against mold and fungus damage. All wooden surfaces before installing the insulation, they are treated with a fire-fighting compound.
On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of wooden houses from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
Basalt wool insulation technology
After the walls (ceiling) have dried after processing, proceed with the installation of insulation.
Stages of work when insulating walls with basalt wool:
Determine extreme elements crates. They are carefully checked with the help of a level and a plumb line, since the further work for installation.
Fix the first vertical bar with screws and dowels.
At a distance of 1 m, fix the following vertical slats and so on, until the entire surface is covered with a crate. For the installation of rolled wool, the installation of the crate at this stage ends.
If there is on the wall windows or doorways, separate bars are installed along their perimeter.
For installation lumpy heat insulator make a grid of battens with horizontal elements. On the resulting vertical grid, horizontal strips are stuffed at an equal distance. The distance between the bars should correspond to the dimensions of the insulation. The result was a grid for the installation of thermal insulation.
In the cavity between the fixed strips are placed cotton wool. When installing the heat insulator on the walls, do not use glue or other means for fixing. If the crate is done correctly, then the cotton wool will fit snugly against the surface, but you must remember about the ventilation gap. If the ceiling is insulated, then the insulation will have to be fixed.
Any cotton has a porous structure, so it accumulates moisture. Therefore, when insulating a wooden house with cotton wool, it must be covered with a vapor barrier. When installing the roll material, cut off the required length and fix it on the wall. Before starting work, you should calculate how much material is needed to insulate a wooden house. Add 10% to the resulting number.
On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer home insulation services. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
Installation of foam
Styrofoam is rarely used as a heater. Despite the fact that the material has low thermal conductivity and retains heat well with a small thickness, it is considered an economical option.
Video description
For some thoughts on the use of foam and polystyrene foam, see the video:
In particular, there are many claims about the release of toxins during combustion, plus, it is believed that the foam plastic evaporates harmful substances into the air even at normal temperatures.
The material does not pass steam well and in a room without good ventilation, moisture will constantly accumulate.
Relatively easy installation can be attributed to the advantages of the material, which means that high qualifications will not be required from the workers, and the cost of work will be lower.
Styrofoam is available in slabs of various sizes and thicknesses.
Stages of work on the installation of foam:
On a pre-prepared surface install the crate with a plank step equal to the size of the foam boards. Begin installation with load-bearing walls.
Between the bars lay the foam while maintaining the ventilation gap.
On top of the insulation is fixed membrane film. If it is possible to use other materials for other insulators, a special film with membranes is chosen for the foam. It will allow you to maintain a normal microclimate in the room.
Completing the installation of insulation finishing works.
Floor insulation
The concrete floor must be insulated. The wooden one is covered with a heat insulator as desired, but after insulation, the room will be much warmer.
In wooden houses, insulation is laid on a rough coating, and a finishing floor is already mounted on top.
As a vapor barrier, a film with a membrane, polyethylene is used. Insulation using roofing is popular among the people. This material has been known for a long time, it is cheap, well protected from moisture, durable.
Mineral wool is used as a floor insulation. It is cheap, easy to install, durable, has good heat and sound insulation properties. Moreover, there is an increasing use of relatively new material- expanded polystyrene, which is gradually replacing cotton wool from the building materials market.
The sequence of actions when installing insulation on the floor of a wooden house.
Levels out surface for insulation.
Is being laid waterproofer/ vapor barrier, the task of which is to prevent moisture from entering the insulation from outside. In regions with wet soil, this stage should be given special attention.
Install lags. The thickness of the log must be at least 5 cm. The distance from the wall is 30 cm. The distance between the bars is 50 cm.
Between the lags are laid insulation. The presence of voids between individual pieces of heat insulator is not allowed.
Lay on top of the insulation vapor barrier film.
After the formation of all layers, lay finishing floor.
Video description
How the insulation is installed on the walls of a wooden house from the inside, see the video:
vapor barrier
If there is a need to install a vapor barrier, it is better to use a special film with a membrane.
It will allow the walls to pass air normally, and after installation, condensate will not accumulate inside the “pie”. To install a vapor barrier, a film or polyethylene is applied to the insulation. An allowance is made along the edges.
Elimination of heat losses
Most weak spots from the point of view of cold penetration - the joints. There should be no gaps between the individual pieces of insulation. Insulating material is laid tightly to the crate. For floor insulation, an important point is the connection with the walls. In these places, the insulation is laid with a slight overlap on the walls and fixed.
When applying a vapor barrier, make sure that each layer of material is superimposed on the previous one with a slight overlap.
Insulating material is applied directly between wooden beams before insulating the walls of a wooden house from the inside. For this, long-known materials are used - tow, linen rope, linen. It is possible to fill the joints of the bars with modern sealants - latex, acrylic, rubber.
Still, to reduce heat loss in a wooden house, the “warm seam” method is used.
Conclusion
Despite the fact that it was previously believed that a wooden house should be insulated exclusively from the outside, modern materials allow high-quality insulation of the building from the inside. With such insulation, the external design is not violated and it will not be necessary to carry out work at height if the house is two-story or with an attic. The main thing is to choose the right material for insulation and entrust the work to professionals who know all the additional nuances. For example, they can calculate where the dew point will be after insulation so that condensate does not form right inside the wall.
Discuss the insulation of frame wooden houses we will not be here - this is generally a separate conversation, there is a different technology and we will talk about them in other articles.
Why it is not desirable to do thermal insulation of walls from the inside, and what consequences may arise, I have already described in one of the previous articles.
Here we will talk exclusively about the features of insulation from the inside, related to wooden houses.
In principle, there are not so many features, basically it is necessary to adhere to the basic rules of wall insulation from the inside, the main of which says that no wall insulation from the inside can replace high-quality insulation of the house from the outside. But if there are no options, then it is necessary to adhere to a certain technology.
Preparing the wall of a wooden house for insulation
This stage is very important, since after insulation, access to the timber from the inside will be very limited, and in order to fix something, it will be necessary to completely dismantle the insulation.
And so, first of all, it is necessary to clean the walls from the inside from dust, dirt, various delaminations, etc.
After sealing the cracks and holes that have appeared.
Deal with electrical wiring if you have wires running along the walls. If the house is old, it would be better to check all the electrical wiring, repair if necessary, if it is new, then carry out installation, not forgetting about electrical safety in wooden houses.
Vapor barrier for insulation
Before installing the insulation, it is necessary to prepare a vapor barrier. It is necessary to protect the insulation from moisture on the walls, which, after the insulation of the wooden walls of the house from the inside, will be inevitable. In turn, the more moisture inside the insulation, the less good it will be.
The vapor barrier film also has a negative effect - the creation of a thermos in the room. The walls practically cease to "breathe", the humidity, as a rule, rises. Only good ventilation can save you from this. Without ventilation, wall insulation from the inside should not be started, because over time you will get the feeling that you live in a plastic bag, and the walls will start to sweat and get wet, and as a result, fungus and mold will appear, which will have a very detrimental effect on wooden walls and the health of the people living in the house.
Vapor barrier can be made with a special membrane film, which will do its job much better and more correctly, but it also costs much more.
Installation of insulation on a cotton basis
As a rule, the installation of mineral wool is carried out using a crate, since this is the most suitable option due to the characteristics of this type of insulation.
On the wall, on top of the vapor barrier, a wooden crate is mounted (it is not advisable to use a metal one, since the metal has a very high thermal conductivity).
Then a heater is laid between the slats. The most commonly used material for wall cladding from the inside is drywall. It is screwed, as a rule, directly to the crate.
Installation of polystyrene insulation
Styrofoam is the cheapest and most practical insulation today. Expanded polystyrene as an external insulation is used very often, mainly because of its cheapness and low thermal conductivity.
But despite this, it is the least suitable for warming the house from the inside.
There are several reasons for this:
- release of toxic substances (the higher the temperature, the more)
- airtight
- over time, rodents may appear in it
Installation of insulation "Ecowool"
The characteristics of ecowool are much more favorable for insulating the walls of a wooden house from the inside:
- breathable material
- there is some protection against fungi and mold
- due to the passage of air through itself, it does not allow the walls to store increased moisture.
Common mistakes when insulating wooden walls from the inside with your own hands
- Many people think that the more insulation when warming from the inside, the better. I assure you that this is a myth. If there is too much insulation on the walls from the inside, the dew point can move into the insulation itself, and if it is on a cotton basis, then its thermal insulation will decrease significantly, and the insulation itself will not live long in dampness.
- Some insulate the wooden wall of the house on both sides, and this will have a very detrimental effect on the wall itself. The reason for this is the vapor barrier of the insulation, which will not allow the wall to dry out, and over time, fungi, mold and rot will appear there, which will destroy your wooden structure much faster than you think.
If you have the opportunity to insulate a wooden house from the outside, then insulate without hesitation, wall insulation from the inside is fundamentally wrong and it is necessary to resort to this type of insulation only in extreme cases when there are no other options.
- To insulate the walls, both from the outside and from the inside, preferably in the warm season, when the wall is as dry as possible.
- If you have any cladding on the outside of the house, you need to make sure that between the cladding and wooden wall There are products that will allow your wall to dry out somehow.
- Before installing the insulation from the inside, carefully process the wooden walls of the house, because after the insulation in the wall there will be a microclimate of increased danger for the wood and excess impregnation will not hurt.
- If you are going to sheathe the walls from the inside with drywall, then when installing the crate, take into account the dimensions so that you do not have to build additional fasteners for drywall.
- Do not use polystyrene for insulation from the inside, do not succumb to its cheapness and excellent qualities as a heater. It is not suitable for interior work.
Wall insulation in a wooden house from the inside must be done, of course. After all, penetrating moisture contributes to the destruction of wood and not only does the structure become unusable, but as a result of this, the room will be damp.
How to insulate the walls in a wooden house from the inside, we will consider today. Also on the video in this article and the photo you can see the whole process of doing the work clearly.
Preparation for the main types of work
Insulation of the walls of a wooden house from the inside is done according to certain rules and in compliance with the desired sequence. This will depend on the quality of the work performed.
Before starting work, it is necessary to take measurements and calculate the material. And so, it is necessary to make calculations for the further choice of insulating material, taking into account, among other things, its properties (see Material for insulating walls inside: characteristics). Do not forget that during such work, membranes are used (steam insulating and waterproofing).
When calculating, set:
- Dew point output. This is one of highlights, with this type of work. Everything is explained very simply - how, in the end, it will be humid in the room, it directly depends on this, even in cases of high-quality material, and well-done work. The location of the membranes, and their properties (for different manufacturers they may differ), and of course the properties of the insulation (density, resistance to wetting) are taken into account.
- Calculation of the total area of \u200b\u200bthe room, given that it will decrease. It may not turn out to be a comparison (an increase in slopes, and in the presence of a furnace, the safe distance will change, between the wall and the furnace, which is unacceptable for fire safety).
Important: The need for work to establish the dew point is not discussed. It is an inseparable part that ultimately provides the meaning of the whole work. You need to understand - the humidity of the room depends on the location of the dew point, and humidity is rotting, smell, in the end - premature decay.
Rules for performing insulation work
Do-it-yourself wall insulation of a wooden house is done with high-quality materials. Preference should be given to trusted brands, you can save a little on Chinese material, but you will significantly lose in performance.
What is needed to carry out the work
Insulation of wooden walls from the inside is done with heaters, there are quite a few of them. But you need to start from the structure itself and what you want to get in the end.
By definition, the insulation must meet the requirements:
- Have low thermal conductivity;
- Meet the requirements of fire safety;
- Comply with environmental and chemical safety standards.
Attention: When choosing a heater, the density and heat transfer qualities are determined, taking into account the place of its application, weather and temperature characteristics, as well as the state of the building itself.
- The material used must not support combustion, emit hazardous compounds into the air, contain hazardous chemical elements. For interior work, the material is selected with great care, environmentally friendly and safe. This is important because - in a confined space, with constant contact, even a seemingly insignificant deviation from the norm can be dangerous, both for people and for pets.
Types and types of insulation materials
When deciding which method to use, you first need to decide what material will be used. This is interconnected, since the method and method directly depends on the type of material.
From possible ways used indoors - use:
| Mineral wool | It comes in slabs and rolls of various densities. In fact, there is almost no difference in application. Any of these materials implies a closed type of application, that is, after laying, it must be closed (finishing material in the form of plates, sheets, boards and slats). Such a heater does not burn, is not toxic, has a low thermal conductivity. But he is afraid of moisture, which means that it is necessary to use insulating membranes (insulating films). |
| Foam boards (expanded polystyrene) | It is not recommended to use it indoors, due to possible toxic release (hydrogen cyanide, styrenes, etc.). It is possible to use extruded polystyrene foam, but such material is also designed for laying with subsequent closing. |
| glass wool | Relatively inexpensive material, slightly higher thermal conductivity than mineral wool (a thicker layer is needed). There is a special option for interior work, and with the obligatory use of films for covering. When working, it is also necessary to observe safety measures (protect the respiratory tract from small particles, use protective equipment). After laying, it is necessary to close. |
| Isoplet | This material is environmentally friendly, it consists of flax fibers and wood shavings. Represents the pressed plates 12-25 mm thick. since this is a fairly rigid material, there is no need for a strong barrier (crate). Environmentally friendly, suitable for indoor applications. The disadvantage is a higher thermal conductivity, and the cost, at the same time, is higher than that of alternative materials. |
| polyurethane foam | It is used using special equipment, it does not burn itself, but at high temperatures, toxic substances are released.
|
Now let's figure out how to insulate wooden walls from the inside from a practical point of view.
Sealing gaps, preparing the surface for insulation
From the moment the building was built, during its operation, the wood dries out, the house “shrinks”, the constant movement of materials. As a result, gaps and cracks are formed that must be repaired to stop heat loss.
- Joints between logs (or timber) - caulk. This is done available material, or the same as what was done before (tow, jute, sealant). As a result, heat loss must be stopped.
