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Projects of toilets at their summer cottage. Toilet for a summer residence: what options to choose and the best modern ideas (110 photos). Varieties of country toilets

Do-it-yourself construction of a country toilet does not require serious construction experience and professional equipment.

This article will help determine the suitable material for the manufacture of the booth, learn about the main differences between sewerage and cesspool and without it, and will also provide complete instructions for the construction of a country toilet.

Sanitary and hygienic standards for a country toilet

Before the beginning installation work for self-construction of a toilet in the country, you should carefully study the regulations that govern the construction procedure. There are certain requirements that must be met:

check that the toilet does not interfere with neighbors. Otherwise, they have the right to complain to the appropriate authority and there is a possibility that the building will need to be moved;
choose a location, taking into account all the standards and regulations for placement. If this is not done, the result will be a serious deterioration of the ecological situation in the area, pollution of the soil and nearby water bodies and water sources. The owner of the site will have to pay fines, health may also be impaired due to pollution. environment;
when designing, care must be taken to remove waste from the cesspool;
when choosing a suitable design, it is important to take into account the features of the site, in particular, the water horizon. If groundwater is located close to the surface, it is required to opt for a completely sealed system.

Attention! Following these requirements will prevent various operational problems in the future.

Choosing the location of the toilet

The main factor that you need to focus on when choosing a location is the type of building used. It is especially important whether there is a storage pit for waste, and whether the container where they will be stored is completely sealed.

To make a toilet in the country with your own hands, it is important to know about some of the features of finding a suitable place:

be sure to take into account the depth of groundwater of the land. If the groundwater level is more than 2.5-3 meters, then the construction of a cesspool cannot be carried out. In such a situation, as a rule, powder is erected - a closet. This type involves the treatment of toilet waste with a special composition in the form of a powder;
It is necessary to take into account the convenience of neighbors and residents of the house. In most cases, the toilet in the country is built away from other structures;
it is necessary to take into account sanitary and hygienic standards. For example, it is impossible to install closer than 12 meters from the house, 20 meters from drinking wells and other water sources, 1.5 meters from the fence that separates the plots;
when constructing a toilet drain pit it is important to immediately ensure the access of special sewage equipment;
it is desirable to take into account the terrain. During operation, at the lowest point of the site, the building will be flooded in spring and autumn. When erecting a country wooden toilet at the highest point, the person using the structure will be disturbed by constant winds and drafts.

Material selection

Another important point is the definition of the material that will be used for the outer part, as well as the type of booth itself. A do-it-yourself toilet in the country can be made from:

metal profile. The base is made of wood or profile pipes from metal, which are connected to each other by welding. Then the base is sewn with sheets of metal. This material is also covered with a special composition that protects the country toilet from the negative effects high humidity. The main advantage of using corrugated board is the possibility of quick construction;
brick. Such toilets are capable of being used for a long period, however, they require a rather laborious and expensive installation. The building has a large mass and can only be installed on the foundation, so you need to make a tape or column base.
boards are the most common option for a toilet in the country. The main advantages are availability and low cost, the possibility of implementation various kinds design, mobility. The disadvantages include only the susceptibility of the boards to the negative effects of moisture, but today there are many ways to minimize this shortcoming. For example, the service life can be significantly increased by applying a primer and painting. If the owner does not want to spoil the natural look of the tree, then there are numerous transparent compounds that repel moisture.

Choosing a house for a toilet in the country

The next step is to choose the desired booth shape. The main types are:

"Starling house" - has a shed roof, is simple in design and economical. Best suited if the toilet is only used during summer period;
"Hut" - has a complicated structure. It has the ability to retain heat even in winter, but involves a greater consumption of materials;
"Hut" - differs in the presence of protection from the winds, has a roof with two slopes;
"House" - this variety has high strength and can retain heat.

There are also sophisticated cubicles with a second shower compartment or extra space for other needs. Separately, it is possible to single out dry closets of an electric or chemical type, as well as those in which waste is processed using peat.

Dry closets are built when it is not possible to equip a waste pit or septic tank. Most suitable option in terms of economic accessibility and practicality is wooden toilet with a cesspool and a birdhouse type cabin.

Watch the video

Cabin drawings with dimensions

In order to properly carry out the installation procedure, it is important to find and pre-examine the correct drawings with the dimensions of the future toilet in the country. The simplest variety is the Birdhouse, even a complete novice in construction can build it, so we will explain the installation process using this type as an example.

In the above drawing, the following elements are numbered:

Strapping (for connecting several components).
Rack.
Door.
Doorhandle.
Door crossbar.
Front wall.
truss system roofs.
Roof covering.
Ventilation.
Deflector.
Side wall.
Top cover covering the drain hole.
Support system (most often made of bricks).
Back wall.

Advice! If the person producing the toilet in the country is experienced enough and has engineering knowledge, then he can draw up a drawing of the toilet for the country with his own hands. Otherwise, it is better for the master to use ready-made options.

We build a wooden toilet with a cesspool - step by step instructions

When the owner of the summer cottage has decided on the choice of a suitable place that meets all the requirements and rules, and has also chosen the necessary shape of the booth, you can begin to build a country toilet. This process includes several stages, first you need to prepare all the necessary materials.

To build a toilet, we need the following tools and materials:

2 square meters roofing felt (for roofing and waterproofing);
sand;
cement block (4 pieces) or concrete curb (2 pieces, 2 meters long);
40 pieces of lining;
electric jigsaw;
door with necessary accessories;
4 things. edged board;
galvanized metal profile;
wooden beam;
nails, screws and other elements for fastening;
building level;
varnish or paint for finishing.

For additional insulation of the toilet, foam may be needed. Also, the list does not include materials for beautiful interior cladding.

Watch the video

Digging a pit for a hole

The depth of the cesspool should not be less than 2 meters. It can be built from various materials. The most popular are:

plastic;
brick;
concrete rings;
monolithic concrete.

Each variety has its own characteristics, as well as advantages and disadvantages. One of the most common options is a brick pit. It is able to serve for a long time, is not subject to the negative influence of the environment. For this, red brick is most often used; it is better not to use the silicate variety.

Instructions on how to make a brick pit for a country toilet yourself:

Digging a square or rectangular hole with the help of special equipment or independently. When designing dimensions, it is important to take into account not only the width of the walls, but also the additional space between them and the pit. This gap will be required for additional waterproofing.
A layer of sand is poured (thickness 150 mm), firmly compacted.
The bottom is laid with bricks, a reinforcing mesh is placed on top (you can make it yourself by fastening several reinforcing bars together with a wire).
Crushed stone is poured and a concrete screed is made (width 150 mm).
For the construction of walls around the perimeter, a small foundation of cement and reinforcement is implemented.
After 10 days, when the concrete has completely hardened, they lay out brick walls.
On both sides of the walls, all joints must be treated with a special sealant, plastered.
All this is covered with a concrete slab with a special hole for the hatch.

Building a toilet frame

The next step in the construction of a country toilet with your own hands is the installation of a ceiling from a concrete curb. It is installed no further than 20 cm from the boundaries of the cesspool. To do this, you need to dig 40-centimeter holes in the corners, cover the bottom with rubble and sand.

Then the curb will need to be dug in, the base should be about 15 cm above the surface, no more. Sometimes cement blocks are used to create an overlap, which are placed in the corners.

When installing the foundation, it is important to monitor the even arrangement of the elements, the easiest way to do this is with the help of the building level. Then, on the created floor, it is required to lay the roofing material. This must be done in 3-5 layers to ensure the most reliable waterproofing.

Frame assembly

It is worth noting that before starting the assembly, wood elements should be treated with a special compound that will prevent the material from rotting and significantly increase its service life.

Step-by-step construction of the frame of a country toilet:

From a bar we build a base in the shape of a rectangle. The connection can be carried out both end-to-end and “in the tree floor”. Be sure to strengthen the corners with self-tapping screws.
We install vertical elements in the corners. They are also reinforced with screws or braces.
We build the basis for the roof, for this the upper part of the vertical racks is connected.
The front part of the country toilet is equipped with a door frame: 2 racks and a cross member are mounted on top.
Let's make a window box, which will be located in the side or back wall of the toilet. To do this, fix 2 crossbars, mount 2 racks between them. It should be borne in mind that the distance between the vertical elements implies the window width, and between the crossbars - the height.

Sheathing and roof construction

Basically, sheathing is carried out by means of boards or lining, which gives the structure a more aesthetic appearance.

The lining can be located vertically or horizontally, depending on the preference and convenience of the owner of the summer cottage, who builds the wooden toilet on his own.

To the frame base, the elements are attached with nails, screws or other fasteners.

As floor covering thick boards made of wood are used, which is characterized by increased strength. The allowable thickness must be at least 4 cm.

After completing the sheathing, you can proceed to the equipment of the roof:

On the upper harness made in the previous step, a crate of boards or wooden slats is placed. If flexible tiles were used, then instead of the crate, it is imperative to fix sheets of plywood, which has increased resistance to moisture.
A special film is installed on the crate, designed for waterproofing. It is fixed by means of rails or nails.
The roof is being laid.

Roofing material can be any, depending on the financial possibilities and the required properties. In most cases, ceramic tiles are used.

It can be used for 75-100 years, it is resistant to the negative effects of the environment. Another advantage of ceramic tiles is the ease of installation and dismantling, as well as a wide variety of colors and shades.

We install doors

The size of the door is determined according to the drawing of the wooden toilet at the design stage. After installing and assembling the frame, you can begin installing the door block.

The procedure is quite simple. First of all, a rectangular frame is made from a bar based on the dimensions door frame. Then the door must be sheathed with clapboard or boards. In general, the process does not differ from the frame sheathing. The door is mounted on canopies.

Sometimes the owners want a small window in the door through which they can get inside the room. sunlight. This must be done before installing the door.

Quite often, this window is additionally glazed. This requires ordering or cutting glass right size, then install it in the door and secure it with slats (narrow glazing beads), which are located on both sides of the window.

Making a toilet seat

The last required step step by step construction country toilet is the erection of a toilet seat. This procedure is carried out quickly enough and does not require the presence of professional building tools and equipment, except for a jigsaw.

How to make a toilet seat in a country toilet:

For the device of the frame, it is necessary to place 2 crossbars on the left and right sides. The length from the floor covering to the horizontal elements is the height of the future toilet seat.
Racks are attached from below to the base and from above to the crossbars installed in the previous step.
In the upper plane of the rack, it is necessary to connect it with a cross member, which should be located at right angles to the horizontal side racks.
The constructed frame is sewn with boards.
A board from the toilet is applied to the center of the upper surface, the dimensions of the toilet should be noted with a pencil.
A small hole is drilled into which a jigsaw can pass. Then, according to the circled marks, a full hole is created with a jigsaw.
The toilet board is fixed with screws or nails.

We suggest that you read the article on how to choose and install them.

Watch the video

Exhaust ventilation

The final step to ensure the most comfortable operation of a self-built toilet is the arrangement ventilation system. It is necessary so that the stench from toilet waste does not spread throughout the territory.

Distinguish between natural and forced ventilation. Natural depends on the direction of air flow, internal and external pressure, as well as the location of the booth.

Such ventilation is provided by an unglazed window with a small canopy so that leaves and other debris do not get inside. The forced option certainly requires the installation of a specialized system. Some of them are powered by the mains, so you should foresee a way to provide power.

In most cases, dacha owners self construction wooden toilet, provide for ventilation. Its installation is a fairly simple procedure: you need to place one end of the pipe inside the room, and the other outside, placing it a meter above the roof of the house.

Watch the video

Wooden toilet without a pit

Making a cesspool with your own hands is the simplest and most effective way sewer implementation. However, this cannot be done if the following conditions are met:

shale or limestone soil;
The water level in the ground is more than 3 meters;
the dacha is visited by a large number of people, therefore, a significant load is planned.

In such a situation, the only way out will be the construction of a street country toilet without a drain pit. There are the following varieties of this type:

powder closet;
play closet;
dry closet.

Powder - closet in most cases is mounted when the site has a high level of groundwater. As a rule, the tank is located under the toilet bowl and has a small volume (up to 18-20 liters).

The basic principle of operation: drains are covered with a powdery composition (most often with peat mass), which prevents the appearance and spread of an unpleasant odor. After such treatment, sewage is moved to compost.

The main advantage of this type of outdoor toilet without a cesspool is the simplicity of the structure and low construction costs.

Observation window.
Chair cover.
Toilet seat
storage capacity.
Entrance door
Support joist lining
cesspool
ventilation window

The play closet is distinguished by a completely sealed container, where sewage and drain water are located. Drains in such a toilet do not enter the soil, therefore they are not capable of polluting the environment.

It will be necessary to provide periodic cleaning by calling a special sewage equipment. The structure of the play closet suggests that the main storage tank can be located at some distance from the upper cabin, so such a toilet is often placed in a building.

The disadvantage is the inability to use the building in the winter, because. drains freeze and are difficult to pump out. The solution is to install a special heating system.

Dry closets are often installed in the country. Their principle of operation is similar to the work of powders - a closet, waste treatment is also carried out with peat. In some cases, biological preparations containing microorganisms are used that speed up processing, or chemicals.

When operating a chemical toilet, it is important to use only safe products.

Pros and cons of a cesspool

The advantages of building a pit toilet with your own hands:

the ability to create a filtration system that can independently get rid of wastewater and sewage. Thanks to this, it is not necessary to regularly call a sewage truck and provide access to the pit;
you can operate a similar toilet all year round.

Disadvantages:

it takes more time to build and drain equipment;
installation and creation of a toilet pit is more expensive;
soil contamination is possible at a high level of groundwater.

Advantages of a country toilet, built independently, without a drain pit:

mobility, which allows you to easily move the building, as well as place the tank at some distance from the booth;
the possibility of erection at a close location of groundwater to the surface;
simple installation;
less stringent requirements for the location on the site, in particular, for distances to water sources, because hermetic system does not lead to environmental pollution;
if necessary, the building can be easily disassembled or completely removed.

Disadvantages of such toilets:

the likelihood of spreading the stench. This does not apply to all types of toilets (if processing occurs using peat, this problem does not arise). An unpleasant smell quickly appears due to the small volume of the tank where drains and waste are stored. Solving the problem - building a system forced ventilation;
the need to regularly eliminate the filling of the tank. This is done by sewage equipment or complete processing and transfer of waste to compost is ensured;
inability to use in winter.

Watch the video

Thus, the construction of a toilet is possible even for craftsmen who do not have experience in construction. However, it is important to study the instructions and recommendations in order to know how to build a toilet in the country correctly.

First of all, it is desirable to decide on the material and type of booth, then design the sewer. This will allow high-quality construction, as a result of which the toilet will last for decades.

Entries

Even if you have suburban area there is no permanent or even temporary house, however, there is a need to build a latrine. The "call of nature" can make itself felt even if you went out of town for just a couple of hours in order to water the plants and cultivate the land. The most optimal this case will be the creation of a toilet with your own hands. The instruction on how to build a country toilet is quite simple, and the cost of materials is quite small.

Features of a modern country toilet

The country toilet is fundamentally different from similar buildings of 20 years and even 10 years ago. And this is not just a fashion trend:

The ecological situation is getting worse every time, and sanitary requirements are becoming more stringent. And traditional solutions do not always correspond to them.
Technologies do not stand still and the technology of processing and neutralization of waste products also. Achievements in this area have long been available in everyday life.
Most people have more and more demands on the quality of life, and this includes not only comfort and ergonomics, but also external aesthetics and design.

According to these points, we will figure out how to build an outdoor toilet with your own hands.

Before you make a toilet in the country with your own hands, which will meet such requirements as comfort, cleanliness, hygiene, and besides that, also please your eye appearance, to deal with the following tasks:

Determine the type of system for draining, draining and utilizing wastewater based on local conditions.
Choose a place where the toilet will be located on the site.
Choose how the ground structure will look externally.
Choose a decorative design, what relevant details are available in this case.
Summarize future construction costs.

It is worth noting that all the above points are interconnected, and it is necessary to deal with them simultaneously.

Of course, a do-it-yourself street toilet in the country cannot compare with a normal bathroom, providing only minimal comfort. But without it, it can be spoiled summer rest, it will also be problematic to work normally on the site.

There are a number of sanitary and hygienic requirements that must be observed during the this construction. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to study them before starting the device of a country toilet.

Sanitary and hygienic standards for the construction of a toilet in the country

Building an outdoor toilet is a fairly simple task, especially after a detailed study of the instructions on how to build a toilet in the country, you don’t even need to seek help from specialists. However, during such construction, it is still worth remembering some features.

Basic requirements for the construction of a toilet on the street:

The main thing is to make sure that the construction of the toilet will not cause inconvenience to the neighbors.
The place for the installation of the structure must be selected very carefully. This stage the construction of the structure must be carried out, following all sanitary standards regarding the location of the bathroom. Violation of these rules can lead to serious pollution of the surrounding area (soil, groundwater), which can cause serious health problems, and you can also earn a serious fine from the sanitary service.
During the period of drawing up the scheme, you need to consider the way in which the cesspool will be emptied.
There are some factors that limit the choice of design. The main one of which is the water horizon of the suburban area. In the event that the level of groundwater is quite high, the cesspool must be carefully sealed completely.

Compliance with these simple rules will help get rid of further problems during operation.

Now you can proceed directly to the study of various types of country toilets and the features of their construction.

Homestead pit latrines

Garden toilets for summer cottages, whose design is based on the use of a cesspool, are perhaps the most popular and most common. This type of restroom is found not only in summer cottages, but also in the courtyard in the village.

During the construction of this structure, usually there are no difficulties, since sewer system in this case, it replaces a deep pit for a toilet in the country. Liquid waste should accumulate here, which is disposed of by gradual absorption into the soil and evaporation. But from time to time it will be necessary to use the services of a sewage machine, which will help to completely clean and empty the cesspool.

The quality of the design, the depth and width of the pit determine how often you have to use the services of vacuum trucks. This procedure can be quite rare. Most often, this problem is solved by filling the hole. After that, the waste collection tank is dug out again.

An elevated toilet house for a summer residence can be made from a wide variety of materials:

metal profile;
boards;
logs;
slate sheets;
bricks, etc.

An important component quality construction is a solid frame and the presence of high-quality ventilation.

How to independently build a wooden toilet according to the drawings?

Most owners of summer cottages prefer to make wooden structures. This is all due to the fact that the manufacture of a wooden frame is quite simple and a wooden bathroom in the country does not require special skills and knowledge, while the cost of materials is quite low, unless, of course, you decide to build a toilet from a log.

A wooden toilet can be made by stylizing it fairytale house or a hut, because of which this design will not only have a functional value, but will become a very beautiful addition to the site. To finish the frame, you can use lining instead of boards. This solution will give the ground part of the restroom a stylish and aesthetic appearance.

Notice! Main advantage wooden structure is its mobility. If the hole is filled in, in order to dig it elsewhere, in this case it is not necessary to re-erect the above-ground part from scratch, you can simply move the frame to the place that you have prepared for the new toilet.

In the case of choosing this material, it is necessary to remember the disadvantages that wood has. It can be subjected to a number of negative influences that shorten the life of a wooden structure. If you decide to make a country toilet out of wood, then consider the list of negative factors:

exposure to direct sunlight (due to their exposure, the tree cracks, deforms and cracks);
prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the surface of the wood leads to its burnout;
humidity, this factor constantly accompanies the operation of any toilet, because of it deformation may occur in the frame;
fungi and mold, this factor that develops under the influence of the previous (humidity) in the wood, due to which dampness, unpleasant odors appear in the wood and the process of decay begins.

Special protective impregnations will help prevent premature wear of the summer toilet in the garden from the influence of various negative factors during operation. In order to increase the service life of boards or other materials based on wood, it is recommended to paint them with a special composition that is designed for outdoor conditions.

Wood must be primed before painting. For connoisseurs of the natural look of wood, it is recommended to use a colorless varnish as a protective material. It will help preserve the natural pattern of wood and protect the constructed frame from moisture.

Do-it-yourself restroom with a metal profile cabin

The toilet is made of metal profile, has several construction methods. The first way is the one whose drawing is based on the principle of building a wooden frame. Another option involves the use of metal profile pipes in order to create a base, pipes arranged in a frame are interconnected by welding. For this, it is necessary to have welding machine and skills to work with it.

After that, a metal or wooden frame is sheathed with profile sheets. Self-tapping screws or rivets can be used as fasteners. It is also recommended to buy special protective washers for self-tapping screws, they will help prevent moisture from entering the fastener, thereby saving it from rust damage.

Despite the simplicity of the construction of this building, it has one significant drawback: in summer, the structure heats up very much. Because of this factor, it would be best to arrange a toilet of a similar design in the shade.

Advice! Experienced summer residents make the inner lining of polystyrene foam sheets. They will keep the interior cool.

Profiled metal sheets are covered with a special protective layer at the factory. Because of this, this material is reliably protected from moisture. Therefore, profile sheets can be safely used outdoors. The biggest advantage of a toilet from a profile can be called, perhaps, the speed of its installation, which is why it has become so popular with users.

Drawings of a brick toilet booth

The construction of a brick structure for a toilet is due to some difficulties. Firstly, it is worth saying goodbye to the possibility of transferring the structure to another place if necessary. Therefore, first of all, it is worthwhile to carefully study the various projects of a do-it-yourself country restroom, drawings, as well as the features of the site itself.

In essence, a brick closet is a capital building, the repair of which can not be remembered for a single dozen years. The cost of its construction is much more than for a similar structure made of profiled sheet or wood. But if there are remnants of brick after building a house or garage, you can save a lot.

Worth noticing! In the case of building a latrine on personal plot from the same brick that the house and garage will create a single harmonious picture of the exterior, which will look quite impressive and beautiful.

Considering that the weight of the finished brick toilet with your own hands according to the drawings with the dimensions of the building is large enough, under it, as mentioned above, it is necessary to lay a solid and massive foundation.

minimum earthwork;
minimum consumption of cement for the production of concrete for pouring;
high level of security;
reliability (suitable for almost any type of soil).

For structures made of lighter materials (for example, slate), you can use a columnar foundation.

Features of outdoor toilets without a pit

The most simple and budget option to solve problems with the toilet at their summer cottage, is the arrangement of a sewage pit. But even with this option, there are some limitations when creating such structures. The construction of pit latrines is limited to the following rules:

the basis of the soil on the plot is shale or limestone soil;
the groundwater horizon is fairly close to the surface;
the latrine is expected to be operated by a large number of people.

These factors prohibit the construction of a toilet based on a cesspool at their summer cottage. To solve this problem, you can equip the restrooms of a completely different type, which are based on a completely different principle of operation.

Types of latrines without the use of a waste pit:

play closet;
powder closet;
dry closet or chemical toilet.

Each design has its own nuances: device, construction methods, requirements that are imposed during operation.

Detailed information can be found in the article: "- the dream of many summer residents."

How to choose a place to build a closet?

Before you start designing a drawing and compiling rough plan the structure itself, you need to take care of the correct location.

The following conditions can seriously affect the installation of the structure:

The distance between the toilet and the water source must be at least 30 meters. Ideally, water should be as far away from this place as possible. In some cases, the geolocation of the water source may be located below the level of the toilet. In this case, the structure must be moved to another place, and the way out of this situation may be to move the latrine below the water source.
Cellars or basements. If placed, these structures can be located on the same level as the toilet. In this case, the restroom must be removed from these buildings by at least 15 meters.
Residential premises and other buildings should be at least 8 meters apart.
Animal habitats should be located at least 5 meters away.
Green spaces are recommended to be planted at a distance of 1 meter.
Before the fence that separates your site from the neighboring one, the distance to the toilet should be at least 1 meter.

The direction of the wind also plays a significant role. Care must be taken to bad smell from the toilet did not annoy your neighbors. If the site is located on a slope, the optimal location of the toilet is the lowest point.

Construction of a waste pit

After the site has been selected and prepared, you can begin to dig a cesspool. Usually it has a square shape and its depth should be at least 2 meters.

There are two types of cesspools:

Sealed. The bottom of such a pit is concreted before being reinforced, and in order to avoid the possibility that the reinforcement may sink in concrete, it is first placed on pegs. The walls also need to be sealed, puttied, and the seams should be covered with bitumen.
Absorbing. This type of pit must be dug to the sand, this will contribute to a faster departure of the liquid fraction of sewage into the soil. The bottom is covered with a layer of pebbles or large gravel.

There are several ways to strengthen the walls of the cesspool:

brickwork;
concrete structure;
prefabricated reinforced concrete rings;
plastic tank.

On top of the pit, it is covered with bars, slate or concreted, only the area allocated for the toilet seat should remain open, then proceed to the construction of the above-ground structure.

Advice! In order to be able to operate the cesspool for a longer time, it is not recommended to throw toilet paper and other hygiene or household items into it; for this, a specially designated bucket should be in the toilet.

General instructions for building a toilet booth

The optimal dimensions of a country toilet can be considered 1 × 1.5 meters with a building height of 2.2-2.5 meters. Otherwise, during its use, you may experience some inconvenience, especially for people with a large physique. It is not at all necessary to start designing a toilet drawing on your own, if there are no special requirements or ideas, it is recommended to use ready-made ones.

First of all, the convenience of the scheme lies in the fact that it can be used to accurately calculate in advance required amount building materials and the preliminary cost of the yard bathroom.

Consider how to build a country toilet with your own hands step by step:

Frame base. It is better to push the above-ground structure a little above the cesspool, about 2/3 forward. In this way, it can be accessed from behind for cleaning. The stability of the structure will help provide a shallow foundation. For waterproofing, 1-2 layers of roofing material are laid between it and the frame. But when building a wooden structure, this is not necessary. The base can simply be marked on concrete blocks.

You can also install four support pillars. To do this, it is necessary to dig four holes in the corners of the future structure, the depth of which should be about 60 cm, if the soil is soft, it can go deep up to 1 meter, after which it is necessary to install asbestos pipes in them. Next, the hole is filled by a third cement mortar. After that, a support beam is installed in the pipe and the pit is completely filled with concrete.

Wood frame assembly. For the construction of this design, bars of 50 × 50 or 80 × 80 mm in size are perfect, it makes no sense to take large bars.

First, a rectangular support with a jumper is assembled, on which the front wall of the toilet seat will be installed, the jumper is screwed to the support posts or to the foundation. A board is laid on top. The thickness of the floor board should not be less than 3 cm.
The frame of the future walls is assembled from the timber. At the same time, the height of the front wall should be about 10 cm more than the back wall in order to provide the desired slope for the roof.
To strengthen the structure, it is necessary to make diagonal braces on the side and rear walls.
The front wall must have a reinforcement for the door of the required size, and you also need to make a hole for the window.
The frames are fixed on the base with metal corners, a strapping is made from above at the level of the toilet seat.

The next step is to assemble the frame for the toilet seat and trim it, but this is done when other options are not provided, for example, a floor-mounted toilet.

Frame sheathing. The frame is sheathed wooden planks. In order to save material, vertical sheathing is recommended, but horizontal sheathing is more beautiful and looks more attractive. The boards are tightly fitted to each other and attached to the base. Instead of wood, you can also use sheets of corrugated board, slate, or some other material that is most affordable.
Roof. The boundaries of the roof should not exceed the boundaries of the walls by more than 30 cm. Installation begins after the parallel boards are fixed at a short distance. Next, you need to sew up the visor from below, attaching boards from the outside around the perimeter for this. After that, it is necessary to lay a layer of waterproofing on a pre-prepared base, as a rule, roofing material is used for waterproofing. After that, the structure can be covered with any roofing material (metal profile, slate, shingles).
Exhaust ventilation. As an exhaust hood in a country toilet, you can imagine a pipe whose task is to remove odors from a cesspool. Its lower edge is inserted into the pit, and the upper one is raised above the roof by at least 20 cm. To solve this problem, you can use a pipe with a diameter of 100 mm. It is attracted to the back wall from the inside or outside and is fixed with metal clamps. To enhance traction, a deflector nozzle is mounted on the head.
Toilet door installation. Doors can be installed as ordinary wooden or plastic doors, or they can be constructed from the same material as the entire above-ground structure. After that, the door is hung on 2 hinges. You can choose the method of locking the door to your taste, usually for these purposes they use a latch, hook or latch, which are installed both from the inside and outside. It is better to refuse more complex locking methods, for example, latch locks, because due to the constant influence of moisture, it will rust quite quickly and may jam at the most inopportune moment.
Lighting. For greater comfort, it is recommended to take care of the interior lighting in advance. For these purposes, you can use a wall flashlight that runs on battery power. Other summer residents carry out full-fledged lighting by stretching the cable and installing a light bulb with a switch. During the day, a small window can easily cope with this task. It is usually cut at the top of the doors or above them, but in fact there are enough options here, from figured windows on the walls to a transparent roof.

Summer residents for whom it is not enough conventional design houses can use drawings of more interesting designs, you can make them yourself, or buy ready-made toilet houses that are assembled as a children's designer, and in order to facilitate this task, they are completed with assembly instructions and accompanying drawings.

(Certej_budka_dver)

Not a single place of residence of people can do without a toilet, and the dacha is no exception. Building a country toilet with your own hands will not be difficult. The toilet for a summer residence can be organized in various ways, from the traditional rustic to the modern septic tank. This article will look at how to organize a place for the collection and disposal of waste and make a comfortable and beautiful toilet.

Types of toilets for summer cottages

Country toilet according to the method of device can be divided into three types: street, peat, septic tank or cesspool.

Outdoor or summer toilet for giving is a separate building with a pit under it for collecting waste - this is the simplest type, it will perfectly satisfy all the needs of the owners.

Fig.2.

Fig.3.

Its main advantage is that cleaning may not be performed for more than 10 years, due to the slow accumulation of waste. This is facilitated by its device, the pit is leaky and has ventilation. Part of the liquid fraction evaporates, and part is absorbed into the soil. Thus, the accumulation of sewage is very slow.

Fig.4.

Fig.5.

With all the advantages of an outdoor toilet, it cannot be built at a high groundwater level, more than 2.5 m. Otherwise, the water in the pit will be constant, and not only in the spring, and sewage can get into the groundwater. This is especially dangerous if the water supply of the cottage is carried out using a well. Also, certain norms are imposed on the installation of a country toilet according to the location on the site.

Peat or Finnish toilet for a summer residence- this is a structure without a pit, all sewage is accumulated in a special tank. The country toilet of the Finnish design is arranged as a separate building. It has a simple operating principle. After each use, waste products are sprinkled with peat, or a mixture of peat with ash, sawdust, and crushed bark. The mixture promotes the decomposition of sewage. As soon as the container is full, it must be emptied into a compost heap for further processing. Recycled waste is organic fertilizer which can be used for plant nutrition.

Fig.6.

Fig.7.

This species has no location restrictions. A dry composting toilet has the disadvantage of having to empty the contents regularly. Therefore, it is advisable to arrange it if the cottage is used seasonally and no more than 1 - 2 people use it constantly.

Fig.8.

Fig.9.

Fig.10.

septic tank allows you to organize a bathroom in a country house. This becomes possible thanks to a sealed cesspool, which can be installed anywhere on the site and at any level of groundwater. A septic tank makes it possible to make a toilet in the country with a toilet like in a city apartment. Unlike a country toilet, a septic tank can be used year-round. Therefore, it is usually arranged in places of permanent residence.

Fig.11.

Fig.12.

The disadvantage of a septic tank is its high cost and complexity of installation. The septic tank does not just accumulate waste, it recycles it. A septic tank can be of various designs. Depending on the type of septic tank, the percentage of processing is different, but does not reach 100%, so it is necessary to pump out deposits from time to time, while doing it yourself is quite difficult. In this connection, there must be access to the septic tank for the entrance of a sewage truck.

Fig.13.

Fig.14.

Building an outdoor toilet with your own hands

Most dachas are used only in summer. Therefore, the outdoor toilet is the most popular. The construction of a country toilet with a cesspool under it will not require much effort, it is quite easy to do it yourself, and you can use improvised materials during construction.

Norms for the location of the toilet for a summer residence

The first stage of construction is the choice of a place for its installation. When choosing a place, it is necessary to take into account sanitary standards.

Fig.15.

The country toilet should be located at a distance of at least 8 m from residential buildings, at least 12 m from the cellar and at least 25 m from the source pure water(wells or wells). Therefore, it is usually placed in the far corner of the garden.

Fig.16.

Fig.17.

Sooner or later, the cesspool will fill up and the toilet will be unusable. The pit can be cleaned or the toilet moved to another location. As a rule, they choose the second option, make a new hole next to the old one and transfer the booth. Compositions with bacteria are added to the old cesspool, which in a couple of years will turn sewage into compost. The compost can be removed for fertilization and the pit can be reused.

How to make a hole for a toilet

A toilet for a summer residence begins to be erected from a cesspool device. A standard pit has a depth of 1 - 1.5 m and a width of 1 m. If the groundwater is far enough away, then the depth of the toilet pit can be greater.

Fig.18.

In order for the pit not to crumble, it is necessary to strengthen the walls. You can strengthen them with bricks, rubble, old car tires, concrete rings, or install a tank. A more durable option is concrete rings. However, the simplest, fastest and most popular is the barrel. In this design, a metal or plastic container with a volume of 200 liters is used.

Fig.19.

Crushed stone is poured at the bottom of the cesspool with a layer of 10 - 15 cm. Holes are made in the barrel through which the liquid fraction of sewage will go into the soil. A barrel is installed in a pit and covered with rubble around the perimeter. Crushed stone will act as drainage and prevent siltation of the pit. Instead of crushed stone, you can use broken brick, stone, etc. Thus, the service life of a country toilet can be significantly increased.

Fig.20.

Fig.21.

Fig.22.

How to make a foundation for a toilet cubicle

The second stage in the construction of a toilet for a summer residence is the construction of a cabin. Traditionally, the cabin is made using frame technology. First, the frame is assembled, then sheathed with clapboard, profiled sheet or siding. The frame toilet can be assembled from a wooden beam or welded from a metal profile.

Fig.23.

Fig.24.

Fig.25.

The cabin is quite light in construction, so a special foundation is not required. So that the toilet cubicle does not stand directly on the ground, it is placed on concrete blocks. In turn, concrete blocks are placed on a sand cushion 10–20 cm thick. This approach provides a reliable foundation and natural ventilation, which contributes to the absence of smell.

Fig.26.

Fig.27.

Fig.28.

The easiest way is to make a booth out of wood, because. when working with wood, no special tools, such as welding, are required. A wooden cabin will not heat up in the sun, unlike a professional sheet toilet, and it will be comfortable to use.

Fig.29.

A wooden booth with your own hands can be made from a bar with a section from 50x50 mm to 100x100 mm. First, the base of the frame is assembled, then vertical racks are installed, after which the rafters are attached and the crate is made.

Fig.30.

Fig.31.

Fig.32.

All elements of the cabin frame are connected with self-tapping screws and construction metal corners. Outside, it is sewn up with a board, rail or block house, which makes the cabin look like a log toilet. Any roofing material can be used for roofing. The door for the toilet house can be made from boards or used ready-made.

Fig.33.

Fig.34.

toilet seat

The toilet seat can be made in various ways. Two options are most popular: a platform and a special plastic bucket. When making a platform, it is important to consider that its height should be 45 cm and a width of 60 cm. Such dimensions guarantee the convenience of using the country toilet.

Fig.35.

Fig.36.

Fig.37.

An important point to consider when building a booth is the presence of a window. The window performs two functions of lighting and ventilation. The window should not be glazed, so the house will not be hot and there will be no smell.

Fig.38.

Fig.39.

Drawings of a toilet cubicle

The toilet cubicle may have a different design, but the principle of construction is identical for everyone. Here are some examples.

Fig.40.

Fig.41.

Fig.42.

Fig.43.

Fig.44.

Fig.45.

Fig.46.

Fig.47.

Fig.48.

Fig.49.

Fig.50.

Fig.51.

Fig.52.

Cesspool toilet in the country

A septic tank, for seasonal use, is rarely done due to the high labor intensity of its device. Of course, you can buy a ready-made septic tank, but then you will have to pay a considerable amount of money for it. If the cottage is visited all year round, then the installation of a septic tank fully justifies the effort and money spent on it.

Fig.53.

A septic tank is a sealed chamber or several chambers into which waste products enter, where they accumulate and are partially processed. The main criterion for the construction of a septic tank is its volume. For a family of three, the minimum volume of a septic tank should be 1.5 cubic meters.

The simplest septic tank consists of one chamber and it is quite easy to do it yourself, because. in fact, it is a sealed cesspool, which eliminates the leakage of sewage and flooding with groundwater.

Fig.54.

Fig.55.

The procedure for constructing a cesspool for a country toilet is as follows. They dig a pit 1.5 - 2 m deep. A sand cushion 20 cm thick is poured at the bottom of the pit. Next, a concrete slab 10 cm thick is poured, this will be the bottom of the cesspool. After that, the walls of the cesspool are erected from brick, stone or concrete. Outside, the buildings are waterproofed to protect against groundwater. Lead to the cesspool sewer pipe from the toilet. The sewer pipe is laid with a slope of 2-3 cm per 1 m of length. On top of the pits arrange a roof. The roof can be made of wood or concrete. For year-round use, the roof of the cesspool must be insulated. When creating a roof, a hatch for pumping sewage must be provided.

Fig.56.

A simpler and faster option for creating a cesspool is to use precast concrete structures, such as rings. In this case, it is necessary to dig a pit, mount rings in it and bring a sewer pipe from the country toilet.

Fig.57.

Fig.58.

Additionally, the septic tank must be insulated and equipped with ventilation. The simplest ventilation option is to install a fan riser in the house and bring the pipe to the roof level.

A septic tank of this type is operated quite simply. Gradually, it is filled with sewage, and when 2/3 of the volume of the septic tank is filled, it is emptied by a sewage machine. This will have to be done regularly, so the septic tank must be located in a place accessible to the entrance of the sewer.

Diagrams and drawings of a homemade septic tank device

Fig.59.

Fig.60.

Fig.61.

Fig.62.

Autonomous sewerage system

An alternative to a homemade septic tank is the Tank septic tank. It is a plastic barrel divided into sections. First, the first section is filled, while solid waste descends to the bottom, and only the liquid fraction remains on the surface. As it fills, the liquid fraction overflows into the adjacent section, where similar processes take place. A composition containing anaerobic bacteria that decompose sewage is added to the septic tank. The water purified in this way is drained into the drain, and the sediment is pumped out by a sewer.

Fig.63.

Another option for a septic tank with a high percentage recycling is a septic tank " Autonomous sewerage". The principle of its operation is similar to a traditional septic tank, with the only exception that an autonomous sewage system is equipped with an air compressor, which enriches sewage with oxygen, and the decomposition process is under the influence of aerobic bacteria. Autonomous sewage is dependent on electricity, but allows you to achieve a high degree of recycling of waste.

Fig.64.

Fig.65.

Fig.66.

The installation of the last two types of septic tank consists in preparing a pit, installing a septic tank in it and connecting it to the sewerage system of the house.

We have considered all the ways of arranging and building a toilet for a summer residence. If you plan to live or visit the cottage all year round and want to have the comfort of a city apartment, then you should immediately install a septic tank. If you visit the cottage only in the summer, then it is easier and faster to build a summer toilet with a cesspool under it. If you do not often visit the country house, then the simplest version of the toilet device is the Finnish peat toilet. Whatever version of the toilet you choose, any of them will perfectly meet your needs, and the cottage will not be left without a toilet.

Wherever a person lives, he tries to equip his habitat as comfortably as possible. Therefore, the first structure to be built in a summer cottage is a toilet. Without this building outside the city it is difficult to live even one day. To build it, you can hire specialists or do the work yourself. But even if you decide to make a toilet in the country with your own hands, you cannot do without theoretical knowledge. So we find out what needs to be done to build a much-needed structure.

Where to place the structure?

Before building a toilet, a place for its construction is determined. The remoteness of the toilet from other buildings depends on its design. Or rather, whether it will be a building with or without a cesspool.

Which type of toilet to choose is decided not only taking into account preference, but also taking into account the location of groundwater. If they are located above the mark of 2.5 meters, the construction of a cesspool is prohibited. In such cases, a powder closet is built.

When choosing a place to build, do not forget that this is a place of solitude. Therefore, it is desirable to take him a corner away from the buildings.

When constructing a toilet with a cesspool, follow the sanitary standards for such structures. The toilet should be located no closer than 12 meters to residential buildings. The distance from it to the water source is at least 20 meters. In order to avoid misunderstandings with neighbors, we are building a toilet in the country, a meter and a half away from the fence.

When planning the construction of a country toilet with a cesspool, consider how the sewer truck will subsequently drive up to it. The length of the hose for pumping sewage is only 7 meters. And 3 of them will be located in the pit.

Also consider the landscape of the site. a toilet built in a lowland will quickly fill up during the rainy season and spring snowmelt. A building on a hill is blown from all sides by the wind.

Varieties of cesspools

Depending on the penetration of sewage into the soil, cesspools are: with a filtering bottom and sealed. The construction and operation of a sealed structure will cost more. This is due not only to consumables, but also to more frequent cleaning and calling a sewage truck. Spending on a pit with a filter bottom is less noticeable, but there is a possibility of contamination of the surrounding area. In addition, such structures are prohibited by sanitary standards.

You can build the walls of a cesspool from different material. Depending on this, they are:

brick;
plastic;
from concrete rings;
monolithic.

Let's take a look at each of them in more detail.

We lay out a hole of brick

Option #1 - Sealed Design

Having decided on the construction site of the toilet, they clear the marked area. Dig a rectangular pit according to the required dimensions. The larger it is, the less often it will be necessary to clean the toilet from sewage. Then tamp the soil at the bottom. Pour a layer of sand (10-15 cm) and make a concrete base. Do not interfere with the use of reinforcement and filler, you can crushed stone. After the concrete hardens, lay out the walls of the structure and plaster. For better sealing, they are treated bituminous mastic. The walls of the cesspool make ten centimeters above the surface of the earth.

After laying the brick for the cesspool, the walls of the structure must be plastered and covered with bituminous mastic.

Option #2 - filter bottom design

For such a cesspool, the bottom is not made airtight. To do this, a layer of pebbles or large gravel is poured over the sand. Liquid waste through such a filter seeps into the ground. This reduces the total mass of sewage, which increases the time until the pit is cleaned.

It is advisable to make cesspools with a filtering bottom only in those places where soil waters lie very deep.

Use of plastic containers

Plastic barrels or eurocubes can be used as a waste collector for cesspools. They are buried in a hole under the toilet. For a sealed design, only the upper part of the container is cut off, where the waste will flow. For a non-sealed pit, the lower part is also cut out. At the same time, a filter layer is poured onto the bottom of the cesspool.

So that the soil does not displace plastic containers, they must be fixed with anchor weights.

Variant of construction from concrete rings

Now let's figure out how to install a toilet in the country using concrete rings. Due to the fact that reinforced concrete products can move during use, it is difficult to make such a structure airtight. Therefore, it is desirable to use it only in places with deep groundwater. The construction of a cesspool from reinforced concrete products is a laborious process. To facilitate it, a special technique is used.

Because of heavy weight concrete rings for their installation will require special equipment

After choosing and clearing a place for construction, they dig a hole according to the size of the ring. They lower the first ring and begin to dig the ground from under its base. Thus, there is a gradual lowering of the rings under its own weight. When there is enough space, install the second ring on the first. Thus, they continue to dig and install the required number of rings. At the bottom of the pit, either a concrete screed or a filter layer is made.

The top of the last installed concrete ring should protrude ten centimeters above the ground.

You will find step-by-step instructions for installing a cesspool made of concrete rings in our following material:.

Monolithic concrete structure for the toilet

For a cesspool made of monolithic concrete, after digging a pit, the bottom is covered with a layer of sand. Reinforcing it is made with a call to the walls. This will give the structure strength. The bottom of the pit is poured with concrete and left to solidify completely. Then the formwork for the walls is installed and they are poured with concrete. After it hardens, formwork and pouring of the floor are made.

Defects in concrete after formwork removal must be repaired with cement-sand mortar

Construction of a toilet house over a cesspool

After the cesspool has been prepared, they begin to build a house over it. We invite you to figure out with us how to build a country toilet out of wood.

The length of the building is 20 centimeters more than the width. For example, the width is 1 meter, and the length is 1.2. Let the height be 2.1 meters. Next to the cesspool, a foundation is made according to the appropriate dimensions.

Roofing material is laid between the foundation and the wooden frame for insulation

A roofing material waterproofing is laid on top of it. A frame is assembled from a wooden block and screwed to the foundation.

Floor boards are laid on top of the frame and fixed with self-tapping screws. The floor must be quite strong, so the thickness of the board is taken at least 3 cm.

The timber frame must be treated with an antiseptic

The front and rear frames of the toilet house are made from a bar.

The front frame should be 10 cm higher than the rear

Then they are fixed on the base, exposing with the help of a level. Strengthen the structure with transverse bars.

The transverse bars under the roof should protrude 0.3 m in front and 0.16 m in the back

Then a frame for the pedestal is installed. Its height is 0.45 meters.

The height of the pedestal is made taking into account convenience

At the next stage, the frame of the house is sheathed. For this, an imitation of a bar is perfect. It has a convenient thorn-groove fastening. Sheathing the structure begins from the bottom, the boards are fixed with screws or ordinary nails. A window is cut out above the door.

When fixing the imitation of the beam, make sure that the groove is on top, and the spike is on the bottom. This method prevents moisture from entering the groove.

After that, sheathe the frame for the pedestal. Cut a hole in the middle. Its size depends on the capacity that will be installed inside. The bottom of the container is cut out before fixing.

The size of the hole cut into the pedestal depends on the container that will be used.

Then they make the roof of the house. First, the boards are fixed parallel to the front of the building at a short distance from each other.

Cross boards for the roof are fixed starting from the front of the building

Then the visor above the door is sewn from below. Fasten the boards around the perimeter of the base of the roof.

Boards fixed around the perimeter of the roof base should form right angles

Now it remains only to cover it with slate. At the next stage, the door is assembled and hung on the hinges. Platbands are stuffed on top.

Platbands close the gaps and prevent the door from opening into the room

Then the entire structure is covered with a special impregnation that protects against moisture and pests, and then with paint or varnish. Handles and a hook or latch are attached outside and inside the building.

From our next article, you will learn how to build a country toilet with a shower:.

Toilet for giving by the type of powder closet

Where groundwater is located near the surface, the construction of a toilet in a country house with a cesspool is prohibited. In this case, a powder closet is built. Unlike the previous version, this design does not have an underground waste receiver in the form of a pit.

Therefore, the container inserted into the hole of the pedestal must be with a bottom. It is even better if these are two containers: one is slightly smaller than the other. Moreover, the smaller one should have small holes for leakage of liquid. And in the larger side, a drainage hose is inserted to drain excess fluid.

For powder closet, you do not need to dig a cesspool. Waste is sprinkled with peat, and then taken out to the compost heap

The foundation of the building must be concreted. Before using the container, a filler is poured onto its bottom. It can be peat or sawdust. After each visit to the toilet, a new portion of the filler is poured on top. As the container fills up, its contents are taken out to the compost heap.

These toilets are only suitable for temporary use. For homes with permanent residence, it is better to equip a septic tank or build a local treatment system.

Even if the dacha is just a bare piece of land without a single building, you still can’t do without the main thing - the toilet. The need for this uncomplicated building arises after a few hours of staying at their summer cottage. Despite the fact that we all imagine how a toilet should look like and what needs to be done, it’s still not worth rushing. First of all, you should study the site in order to understand what type of country toilet can be built in a particular case, because there are several of them. Then you need to decide where exactly you can put the toilet, while observing sanitary rules and regulations. And only after that you can proceed directly to the construction. There is nothing complicated in making a country toilet with your own hands. However, it is not necessary to make a toilet box yourself. Modern market can offer ready-made toilet houses for every taste. In this article, we will analyze the instructions on how to make a toilet with your own hands, starting with choosing the type of toilet and ending with making a house.

What kind of toilet in the country can be equipped - types and features

In a well-equipped dacha, where there is a house and you can actually live, it is advisable to have two toilets - one in the house and the second on the street. The toilet in the house is convenient to use at night or in bad weather when it rains. Still, the house is warmer and more comfortable. An outdoor toilet for a summer residence is necessary in order to use it during the day after gardening work on the site and not carry dirt from the street into the house.

In total, there are several types of toilets that can be used in the country:

Outdoor toilet with a cesspool.
Powder closet.
Backlash closet.
Dry closet.
Chemical toilet.

The choice of toilet is influenced by such an indicator as the level of groundwater. If the water is far away (deeper than 2.5 m) and never rises above this mark, even during the rainy season or spring floods, then any of the proposed toilet options can be used. If the groundwater level is high, the water is close to the surface, then it is impossible to equip a toilet with a cesspool.

Outdoor pit toilet- the good old time-tested design. It is a cesspool up to 1.5 m deep, on top of which there is a toilet house. Impurities in the pit accumulate and gradually decompose. If the intensity of use of such a toilet is high, then the filling of the pit occurs rapidly, the sewage does not have time to ferment. Previously, such a problem was solved simply - they rented a toilet house, dug in an old hole, and dug a new one in another place and put a toilet on top. Now they prefer to clean cesspools either with the help of a sewage machine or manually.

Powder closet- a toilet option for areas where water is close. In its design there is no cesspool at all. Instead, a container (bucket, barrel, box) is used, which is installed immediately under the toilet seat. So that sewage does not remind too much of itself with an unpleasant odor, after each trip to the toilet they are sprinkled with dry peat, sawdust or ash. The process itself resembles powdering, from which the name of this type of toilet "powder-closet" came from. After filling, the container is taken out and emptied in compost pit, heap or other place. Over time, sewage, sprinkled with peat, will turn into a wonderful fertilizer.

play closet- a toilet with a sealed cesspool, which is cleaned with a cesspool machine. Usually backlash closets are equipped directly in the house next to the outer wall of the house. The cesspool is located outside, sewage enters it through a pipe. The pit itself has a slope away from the house for easy cleaning.

dry closet- a booth familiar to urban residents with a container into which active microorganisms are poured to process sewage. Probably the easiest way to equip a toilet in the country, since you don’t need to build anything - you can buy a ready-made dry closet of any size, both outdoor and home.

chemical toilet differs from a dry closet only by means of sewage processing. Chemical reagents are used here, so the contents of the container after processing cannot be used as fertilizer in the garden, unlike a dry closet.

peat toilet- This is a homemade version of powder closet. In fact, the powder closet is also a peat toilet, because in it peat is used to powder feces. The home peat toilet is a modernized achievement of civilization. It is very similar to an ordinary toilet, only in the water tank instead of water there is dry peat, and instead of sewer pipes, a sewage container.

Such a toilet can be safely installed inside the house. To eliminate unpleasant odors, ventilation is provided in its design, which must be taken outside.

The choice of a toilet for a summer residence depends entirely on your personal preferences and on the conditions that dictate the rules of SanPin.

There are certain restrictions on the placement of an outdoor toilet. First of all, they concern those toilets in which sewage can come into contact with soil and groundwater.

There must be at least 25 m from the toilet to the water source. Whether it is a well, well, lake, stream or other water body. If the summer cottage is located under a certain slope, then the toilet must be installed below the source of water intake. This will prevent effluents from entering drinking water.

Important! Please note that you should consider not only your source of water, but also the nearest neighbors.

From the toilet to the house and the cellar or basement there should be at least 12 m.
From a summer shower or bath, sauna at least 8 m.
The distance from the building for keeping animals to the toilet should be 4 m.
From tree trunks - 4 m, from shrubs - 1 m.
From the fence to the toilet should be at least 1 m.
Also, the wind rose must be taken into account when choosing the place and location of the outdoor toilet, so as not to annoy either yourself or your neighbors with unpleasant amber.
The door to the toilet should not open towards the neighbors.
If the groundwater is below 2.5 m, then any outdoor toilet can be equipped. If it is higher than 2.5 m, then a toilet with a cesspool cannot be made, only a powder closet or backlash closet, and dry closets can also be installed. Such structures are safe in the sense that sewage cannot enter the groundwater and pollute them.

Please note that when choosing a place for a toilet, you need to focus on objects not only on your site, but also on the neighbor's. This applies to trees, and sheds, and houses, and everything else. For toilets of the powder-closet and backlash-closet types, the above restrictions do not apply, since sewage does not come into contact with the ground in them. The only thing that will have to be considered when placing them is the wind rose and ease of use.

Do-it-yourself toilet in the country - instructions for building a powder closet

It’s not so difficult to equip a country toilet with your own hands, it’s enough to have basic carpentry skills, engineering thinking and stock up on the help of a friend. Let's consider an example of building a toilet in a country house like a powder closet. As we already wrote, its peculiarity is that there is no cesspool under the toilet. And this makes the task much easier. Firstly, such a toilet can be located next to a residential building. Secondly, the construction technology itself is somewhat easier; you don’t have to dig a foundation pit. Thirdly, groundwater pollution is excluded.

The construction of the toilet must begin with a drawing so that all elements and details have the appropriate dimensions, and not by eye. Due to the fact that there is no cesspool in the powder closet, only the design of the toilet house will be shown in the drawing.

Schematically powder closet can be represented as follows:

The dimensions of the toilet are selected so that it is convenient to use. For example, the most common size: width 1.5 m, depth 1 m, height 2.2 m. Dimensions can be increased if the dimensions of the owners require it. The material for making a toilet can be different: the most common are wooden toilets, but you can sheathe the walls with a metal profile, slate or other material, as well as build brick walls.

Country wooden toilet - sectional drawing.

Example 1.

Example 2.

You can use the ready-made drawing, or you can make your own. The main thing is compliance with the dimensions during construction.

Foundation and support for the toilet

A country toilet is a structure that does not require a heavy foundation. In some sources you may come across a suggestion to pour under the toilet strip foundation. In fact, this is superfluous, especially if the toilet is wooden. A support for a toilet house can be made in two ways: the first is to bury the pillars, the second to lay bricks or concrete blocks around the perimeter.

Can be used as support poles wooden beam or a log, and concrete columns. The latter are more resistant to aggressive environments and will last longer.

First of all, we mark the area. It is extremely important to accurately determine the angles of the structure.
We take 4 asbestos-cement pipes with a diameter of 150 mm and coat them outside with bituminous mastic.
In the corners of the toilet house, we dig wells and bury the pipes to a depth of 50 - 70 cm. The depth of the pipes may be more, it depends on the structure of the soil. Can be made 90cm or 1m.
To a height of 1/3 of the pipe, they must be poured with concrete mortar. Carefully compact the concrete to remove air bubbles.
Inside the pipes we insert wooden or concrete pillars-supports. To fix them, add concrete mortar.

Support pillars in this case can also act as a vertical part of the frame, i.e. they must be driven to a height of 2.3 m from the ground. It is also necessary to constantly check that the location of the pillars is even relative to the corners.

There are cases when it is enough to fix concrete blocks or bricks as a support, on which the frame will then be installed. In this case, it is necessary to remove the top layer of soil to a depth of 20 - 30 cm and compact the base tightly. For greater reliability, a layer of sand can be covered at the bottom. Concrete blocks, bricks or concrete curbs are installed on top.

We make the frame of an outdoor toilet

The frame of a country toilet can be made from a wooden bar 50x50 mm or 80x80 mm. It is not necessary to take a thicker and more massive timber 100x100 mm and more. You can also use metal corners.

The frame should be a structure:

4th carriers vertical supports.
Toilet roof lining. The longitudinal bars for the roof should protrude 30 - 40 cm beyond the toilet body. In front, the canopy will serve as a visor, and in the back - to drain rainwater away from the toilet.

Strapping or screed at the level of the future toilet seat. Usually, the strapping bars of the toilet seat are attached to the bearing vertical supports. The height of the toilet seat should be comfortable - 40 cm from the floor of the toilet.
Diagonal struts for structural strength on the rear and side walls of the toilet.
Frame for fastening the door. Two vertical supports to a height of up to 1.9 m and a horizontal lintel on top at the same height.

Be sure to calculate the height of the toilet seat, as too high a seat will be uncomfortable, especially if there are short people among the owners. Indicate at what level the final floor in the toilet will be, and set aside 38 - 40 cm from it upwards. Please note that on top of the strapping there will be a sheathing 20 - 25 mm thick.

We sheathe the body of the toilet, make the roof

Further construction of the country toilet is to sheathe the frame. Since wooden toilets are always popular due to their original beauty, convenience and comfort, the walls of the country toilet can be sheathed with wooden boards.

Wooden boards 15 - 25 mm thick are nailed to the frame, tightly fitting them to each other. Boards must be placed vertically. Since the roof will be sloped towards the rear wall, the upper part of the sheathing boards will have to be carefully cut at an angle.

Instead of wood, you can use sheets of corrugated board, slate or other material. They are much easier to work with, as you only need three sheets for the back and two side walls. But in such a toilet it is much less comfortable to be than in a wooden one. And all because there is no natural moisture and air exchange through the walls.

On the back wall of the toilet, it is necessary to make a door through which it will be possible to remove the container with sewage. Usually it is made over the entire width of the back wall to a height of 40 cm (up to the height of the toilet seat). Such a door is fixed on hinges. You can make it from the same wooden boards.

The roof of a country toilet is usually covered with the same material as all the buildings on the site so that the buildings do not stand out from the composition. You can use sheets of corrugated board or metal tiles. A hole must be made in the roof for the ventilation pipe, which should then be carefully sealed.

If you want to make the roof of the toilet wooden, then it must be covered with roofing felt or other rolled material so that the tree does not get wet.

We hang the door

The door for a country toilet is usually made of wood. We hang the door on hinges. The number of hinges 2 or 3 depends on the severity and massiveness of the door. The heavier the door, the more hinges should be. The mechanism for closing the door to the toilet, everyone does as he likes: a latch, a hook, a latch or a wooden latch. A latch must also be installed inside the toilet.

A window should be made above the door through which natural light can penetrate. Usually it is made as close to the roof as possible so that water does not get inside during rain. The window can be glazed, then neither rain nor insects that often fly through such windows will be terrible. What a country wooden toilet looks like can be seen in the photo.

Country toilet: photos - examples

We equip the toilet seat

The seat or toilet seat in the country toilet is made of wooden boards, lining or moisture-resistant plywood. It is better to use pure wood without additives, so we exclude plywood. The frame of the future toilet seat was made at the stage of arranging the frame, so now it is enough to carefully sheathe it with wooden boards and paint it. In the middle we cut a hole through which we will relieve ourselves. Be sure to check at what depth from the beginning of the toilet seat a hole should be made so that it is convenient to use it.

Under the toilet seat we install a container for sewage with a volume of 20 to 40 liters. By the way, the toilet seat cover can be made reclining on hinges, or it can be stationary.

We hang a container for peat on the wall in a convenient place. Below we put a bucket for toilet paper. A washbasin can be installed inside the toilet, if the dimensions of the building allow it. Then we install a bucket for slops under the washbasin.

How to build a toilet in a country house with a cesspool

The construction of a pit latrine is somewhat more complicated, as a waste pit will have to be equipped. The toilet house for this type of toilet is no different, so we will not touch it. We will only indicate how to make communications. The diagram shows how the cesspool should be located relative to the toilet house. Based on this, we carry out the marking of the site and proceed to earthworks.

We dig a cesspool with a slope towards the rear wall of the toilet with a depth of 1.5 m.
We tamp the bottom and walls of the pit with clay with a layer of 15 - 25 cm. Some people make the walls of the pit from wood, brick or concrete instead of clay. If the groundwater is at a sufficient depth, then it is not necessary to make the walls of the cesspool completely airtight. Enough clay castle.
We knock down the base for the toilet from a wooden bar 100x100 mm. You can also use a sidewalk curb or concrete blocks, laying them on the ground. If you use a wooden beam, then it must be treated with an antiseptic.
Above the cesspool we equip the flooring from the boards. First, we knock down the frame of the bars. We make such a distance between them that it is convenient to clean the pit. Please note that the flooring is done outside the toilet house, leaving a free space under the house of sufficient size for sewage to fall into the pit.
The flooring must be upholstered from below with roofing material or other rolled material.
Behind the toilet we install a hatch, which is a hinged lid. The hatch will be used when clearing the pit. We treat the wooden hatch with an antiseptic.
We lay the ventilation pipe from the pit. We install it next to the back wall of the toilet, display it 70 - 100 cm above the roof of the toilet. For these purposes, you can use a regular sewer pipe. We fix a visor on top of the pipe so that water and debris do not get inside. We fix the pipe to the back wall with clamps. The bottom edge of the ventilation pipe should be 15 - 20 cm below the level of the toilet floor.
A toilet house is installed on top.
Around the toilet with a cesspool, it is imperative to make a blind area and drain rainwater so that it does not flood the sewage pit.

If in the future it is planned to clean the cesspool with the help of a sewage truck, then the toilet must be located on the site so that the car can drive up to a sufficient distance. Remember, the sleeve of such a machine is only 7 m.

Country toilet backlash-closet and its features

Most often, a country toilet of the backlash-closet type is installed next to a residential building or inside the house. The sewer pit is located outside the building, behind its walls. A toilet of this type can only be built where it is possible to heat the sewage pit in winter. If they don’t use the toilet in winter, then before the end of the season, the cesspool must be completely cleaned.

The main difference between the backlash closet and other types of toilets is that the cesspool in it is completely sealed and is regularly cleaned with a sewer machine. Here are a few differences in the construction of a backlash closet:

A sealed pit so that sewage does not soak into the ground. You can fill a pit out of concrete, make it out of bricks and plaster, or you can use ready-made plastic containers - caissons.
From the cesspool must go ventilation tube. It must be carried out through the chimney of the stove or fireplace. In turn, a pipe should go from the chimney into a pit through which warm air will flow. This is necessary so that the pit does not freeze. The material of the exhaust pipe is asbestos-cement or ceramic.
If the house does not have an ordinary stove or fireplace, but only gas heating, then the heating of the cesspool must be carried out using a low-power electric heater.
A cover / hatch is made over the pit. To prevent the lid from freezing, it is made double: the upper one is metal or cast iron, and the lower one is wooden. Between the covers we lay heat-insulating material.
The slope of the pit should be away from the house for easy cleaning.

IN Lately peat toilets for summer cottages are becoming increasingly popular. Their convenience is that they can be safely placed in the house in any room. Peat toilets are easy to clean, practically do not emit a smell, even a fragile woman or woman can cope with them. old man. Also, such toilets can be made on the street, the same powder-closet is just the predecessor of the modern peat toilet.