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Bituminous mastic of cold application - scope. Choice of bituminous mastic: application and consumption Mastic of hot application

Bituminous mastic has become widespread in roofing and insulation works. It is also used as a primer. The composition includes mineral and organic substances, as well as additives that improve the characteristics of the mastic.

Standard packaging for finished products

Cold applied mastic has a number of valuable characteristics:

dries quickly;
suitable for spot repairs;
even a beginner can handle the application of the substance;
unlike hot mastic, cold mastic does not need special equipment;
suitable for working with wood, metal, concrete and plastic;
stretches well, elastic;
penetrates into the coating, which is applied;
water-based formulations are used in internal insulation;

In addition to the positive qualities, such a waterproofing material also has negative sides:

UV rays adversely affect the composition;
it is difficult to control the thickness of the resulting coating;
high price (hot mastics will cost less than cold ones).

Distinctive features

The main component of mastic is bitumen. Note that it in itself does not have excellent characteristics (ductility, frost resistance) - it melts in heat, and cracks in frost. But if you mix bitumen with polymers, you get a durable, moisture-resistant coating.

Applying the composition to the surface

Mastic is "hot" and "cold". Hot options are used only by builders with special equipment. Before starting work, such compounds are heated on the street.

As for the second option, it is sold ready-made, it is not required to heat the composition, it is enough to mix it. Then the mastic is applied to the surface (the thickness of one layer should not exceed one millimeter). The cold solution is excellent for preventing moisture ingress, corrosion and other damaging formations in the areas to be treated.

Note that "cold" mastic is less consumed than "hot" bitumen.

Doll mastic among all the options is the most popular. It is made from cockersol varnish, solvent and petroleum bitumen. Found its use in roofing works Oh. If we are talking about cold curing bituminous mortar, then in 90% of cases we are talking about roofing material.

Another option is used as an intermediate layer for gluing sheets of roofing material.

Kinds

Mastics are divided into classes that differ in composition. At the same time, not all constituent ingredients are taken into account, but only the one that interacts with the main component - bitumen.

Different kinds composition

So, mastic happens, bitumen +:

polymer base;
rubber base;
kukersol mixture;
rubber compound;
oils.

All these materials are suitable for different jobs, so they are not divided by functionality.

Bitumen-polymer mastic includes modifiers that give the material elasticity, frost and heat resistance. Rubber mastic includes rubber crumb, due to which the properties of bitumen are improved - it becomes flexible, elastic, tolerates low / high temperatures, high humidity.

After applying any of the listed compositions, a monolithic surface is obtained, with good vapor permeability. At the same time, the coating remains elastic in all weather conditions.

"Finish" layer of insulation

Note that any of the above mastics are resistant to alkalis, acids and salt solutions.

Requirements for roofing mastics

Such mastic must meet the following requirements:

do not have large particles in the composition;
be homogeneous and easy to apply;
withstand temperatures up to +70 degrees without melting;
the amount of hazardous substances must be within the prescribed limits.

Application of mastic "Expert"

This material is intended for external waterproofing works. "Expert" is used in the construction of concrete, brick, wood and metal structures. It is also used to protect the coating from the formation of rust and mold. Building materials are glued with the composition, pipes and the bottom of machines are covered.

Properties mastic "Expert":

after opening the jar, the solution can immediately be applied to the base (no heating required);
after application forms a homogeneous moisture-resistant coating;
protects the base from fungus, mold and corrosion.

Products TM "Expert"

Application of mastic "Expert":

The composition is applied to the base, which is previously cleaned of dust, dirt and rust;
Next, open the jar and mix the composition;
Then, with the help of a spatula, the Expert mastic is applied to the base. If the substance is used for bonding materials, then it is enough to apply one layer; for the purpose of waterproofing, two or even three layers are applied.

The maximum layer thickness is 1 mm. At the same time, the temperature at the time of work should not be lower than -10 degrees.

The applied composition is then allowed to dry. The bituminous mass dries out in a day.

Do not smoke or use open flame near the mixture. Work with the composition away from the source of fire, wearing gloves. If the bituminous mass gets into the eyes, they are immediately washed with warm water.

The remains of the solution are disposed of as construction / household waste, after clogging the lid.

Substances based on cockersol varnishes are best suited for concrete structures.
For waterproofing, it is recommended to choose compounds based on rubber. This is due to the fact that the solution, which includes rubber, has good elastic properties and fluidity.
For the arrangement of the roof, choose a solution based on polymer / rubber.
For spot work, oil formulations are used, as they form a coating that is resistant to high temperatures.

Finally

Regardless of which type of mastic you prefer, the main thing is that the composition is lump-free and within the expiration date. Choose proven brands, one of which is TechnoNIKOL.

In contact with

Waterproofing mastic appeared recently, but every year it is used more and more. This is due to the ease of use and ease of application, which significantly reduces the time for arranging the insulation of the building. Attractive is the price of the material, which is acceptable to all segments of the population.

What is bitumen or mastic bituminous cold use? What is its fundamental difference from a material that must first be heated before use? Before choosing a mastic suitable for insulating work, you need to understand its characteristics and properties.

Bituminous mastic is a material with increased plasticity, it is based on bitumen (black resin, solid). Previously, bitumen mixtures had to be heated before use.

This caused some inconvenience, as the time for arranging waterproofing work increased, and besides, these works are fire hazardous. Therefore, manufacturers have developed an innovative material that can be used in cold waterproofing work.

As part of the mastics there are solvents that keep it in a liquid state. By the principle of application, such compositions are comparable to paint - as soon as the material hits the surface, the diluent evaporates and the composition hardens, forming a high-quality insulation layer.

Types of compositions

Bituminous mastic for waterproofing cold application is divided into two types:

ready-to-use mixtures, solvents are present in their composition. You can work with such material in any weather, even in the cold season. These compounds dry in 24 hours. But the material acquires its properties after a while, usually it takes 1 week. This type of mastic is produced for roof insulation, however, the use of a material based on a solvent is quite common and can be used on any surface;
water-based mastics, odorless, produced on the basis of water. The compositions are environmentally friendly, they are used indoors for insulation work in bathrooms and kitchens. The drying time for these compounds is several hours. There is a slight drawback to the aqueous emulsion - it does not tolerate negative temperatures, even during storage.

Composition modifications

Depending on what components, in addition to bitumen, are included in the composition of the mastic, they are divided into subspecies:

Unmodified - there are no improving components, such as polymers, in the composition of the coatings. Professionals do not recommend using this material when arranging roof waterproofing, but it is ideal for other structures. But it is worth remembering that such a mastic is not used in case of strong temperature changes and if the structure is heated.
Bitumen-polymer - roofing, modified mastic. This material is not afraid of high temperatures. The fact that it qualitatively increases the adhesion between the rolled material and the surface is also positive.
Mastic, bituminous rubber - which includes crumb rubber. This type of solution is used to isolate metal structures, as it has anti-corrosion properties. But for roofing, this material is not used.
Bitumen-based rubber mastics - liquid rubber. Composition with increased elasticity, and excellent mechanical and physical properties. The most suitable composition for arranging roof waterproofing.

When carrying out waterproofing work with any materials, you need to carefully prepare the surface - remove dust and dirt, degrease if necessary and dry. After that, apply a bituminous primer to the plane, which will improve the quality of the work being done.

All bituminous coatings are divided into several types depending on the number of components:

one-component - ready-to-use mixtures;
two-component - are mixed before application with a hardener.

The characteristics of this material are very high, since the compositions are professional. When mixing mastic, you must strictly follow the instructions from the manufacturer and observe the proportions. If you put a hardener that is more than recommended, then the lifetime of the composition will become much shorter, and it will be spoiled.

The quality of the compositions

In addition to the fact that cold bituminous mastic reduces the time of waterproofing work, and is easy to use, as mentioned above, it has a huge number of positive aspects:

you can get a composition of any density, just add a solvent;
durability - the modified composition can last more than 25 years, without losing its insulating properties;
versatility - any surface can be treated with bituminous mastic;
ease of use - the composition can be applied independently with a trowel, roller or brush.

Like any material, waterproofing mastic has disadvantages:

price - if we consider mastics for waterproofing, bituminous polymer, then their cost differs significantly upwards;
unlike hot applied bituminous mastic, this material shrinks more strongly, which, as a result, increases the consumption of insulation.

Mastic consumption per 1 m2 of waterproofing depends on the method of application, for example, when applying an adhesive layer, 1 kg of composition per square is sufficient. If you create a complete insulation with mastic, then it will take up to 5 kg. Knowing these parameters, it is very easy to calculate how much material will go.

Where is mastic applied?

The use of bituminous mastic, as a rule, occurs in the following cases:

The composition is used when installing soft tiles on the roof, or rolled material. Its use is justified in the repair of a leaky roof, and the construction of a soft bituminous roof.
Waterproofing of building foundations. With the help of rubber mastic, an insulating layer is equipped during construction pile foundation. Other types of compositions can be used as horizontal or vertical waterproofing. Inside the building and outside.
Floor waterproofing. Mastic is used under a rough screed, or under a bulk coating. It is possible to isolate plates on loggias in basements, garages. Often it is used in bathrooms, toilets, showers.
Insulation work on terraces and pools. Liquid rubber is well suited for this, which is applicable to any surface.

The use of these compounds is justified, even despite the considerable cost.

DIY mastic

Some private developers are wondering how to weld bituminous mastic with their own hands in order to reduce construction costs. First of all, you need to purchase the ingredients:

bitumen;
plasticizer;
filler.

The components are purchased in the right amount, it depends on what area will be covered with insulation.

Let's say we need 10 kg of material, for this we take:

bituminous resin - 8.5 kg;
filler - 1 kg;
plasticizer 0 0.5 kg.

The filler can be: sawdust, rubber crumb, mineral wool or asbestos. For plasticity, kerosene or mining is added.

Before putting bitumen in a container with thick walls and putting it on fire, it must be crushed well and mixed with the filler.

The capacity must be large. Since when heated, the composition will increase in size.

The temperature should be no more than 190 degrees, since bitumen tends to decompose at high temperatures. If yellow-green bubbles begin to appear on the surface, this is the first sign that the temperature is too high.

At the right temperature, bituminous mastic should weld homogeneous and plastic. The plasticizer and filler must be added gradually and with constant stirring. If foam appears on the surface, it must be removed immediately.

Once all the ingredients are included in the composition, the material is ready. The composition created by one's own hands is stored for no more than a day, while it must be applied when the composition has cooled to 120 degrees.

DIY bitm primer

Before applying the mastic to the surface, it must not only be prepared, but also coated with a primer - a bitumen-based primer. The primer will help increase adhesion, and make the waterproofing much more reliable and better.

The composition of the primer prepared independently is gasoline and bitumen in a ratio of three to one.

How to cook

in order for the soil to turn out to be of high quality, you need to heat the bitumen to 70 degrees and pour it into gasoline;
bitumen is introduced into gasoline in small portions and mixed until completely dissolved;
as soon as the soil is ready, the composition is filtered through a metal mesh.

Thanks to these instructions, you can save money on the purchase of finished material.

How to choose

On the market for this moment very big choice of this type of material, and in order to buy exactly the one that is needed for your building, you need to carefully study the characteristics of the compositions. Visit specialized forums on the Internet, see what people who have already used bituminous mastic for waterproofing write.

In production, mastic is poured into hot containers, therefore, if a five-liter can weighs five kg, then you should not buy this material - it is not of high quality.

Bituminous mastic is one of the most essential building materials used for waterproofing. It has a sticky texture. In fact, it is a resin based on bitumen. Additives can be various polymers, asbestos, quartz, talc, dolomite and other materials, including products obtained as a result of waste processing.

Types of bituminous mastics

There are cold and hot mastics: they differ in the way they are prepared. Hot is prepared a couple of hours before use directly at the site of application. At the same time, safety precautions must be strictly observed.. Basically, hot mastic is necessary for construction companies that build large objects. When producing material in this way, in large numbers Significant funds are saved, since hot is much cheaper than cold.

Cold-applied bituminous mastic is prepared without the costs associated with heating: the process does not involve the use of high temperatures. It goes on sale ready-made, so it is more convenient to use and safer. However, it is much more expensive than hot, which is a disadvantage.

Application in construction

This material is widely used in the production of building materials and construction. This material is necessary for the manufacture of building slabs, it is used to waterproof foundations, basements, ceilings, and is used in roofing. They process pipes of underground communications.

Waterproofing

With the help of this material, waterproofing protection of objects located underground is performed. These can be sewer pipes, gas and oil pipelines, water communications. The material is used for waterproofing works, if necessary, to protect concrete, reinforced masonry and wooden structures. Bitumen mastic is able to protect metal from corrosion, which is used in the waterproofing of reinforced concrete structures. It processes the welds of metal structures and the bottom of cars, the junction of metal to concrete and brick in building structures, horizontal surfaces in pools and bathrooms.

Bonding materials

Bituminous mastic is suitable for creating an adhesive bond between silicate bricks and tiles. In roofing work, the adhesiveness of the material is also used: this is used for laying rolled materials.

Road works

Road bituminous mastic with fillers is used in the construction of roads and in their repair. It closes up the seams, cracks and depressions in the asphalt pavement. In this case, the mass of hot preparation is more often used, which is heated at the place of work. Bitumen, placed in a special closed container, is heated to the required temperature and then boiled until foaming stops. This means that all the moisture contained in the material has been released. Then fillers are added to this mass to improve the quality. Such fillers can serve as recycled waste. This composition can triple the life of the roadway, as well as save the material itself.

Sometimes cold mastic is also used for this purpose. It is convenient for sealing small defects in the asphalt pavement of private courtyards: such work can be done in a short time and without the use of open fire, which is important in conditions of short distances to residential facilities.

The requirements for road mastic are set out in regulatory documents (in SNiPs, in GOST), which indicate the features of the use of the material and its composition.

Material advantages

Bituminous mastics are able to protect any surface from moisture, resist the appearance of mold and fungus. They do not swell when exposed to water vapor and create a continuous, without joints and seams, waterproof film. This material does not crack and has high mechanical strength. It is quite simple to use: special qualifications are not needed to work with it. Application method is similar to application oil paint. Bituminous mastic without damage and loss of quality withstands conditions of high humidity, high or low temperatures.

Bituminous mastics are able to protect any surface from moisture, resist the appearance of mold and fungus.

In climatic zones with low average temperatures environment it is desirable to use bitumen-oil mastic brand M-50. The main advantage of this material is that it can withstand low (up to -50°С) and high (up to +100°С) temperatures. EBIT (epoxy-bitumen) have similar characteristics. The quality of the material is confirmed by a certificate of conformity with the requirements normative documents in terms of conditions regarding quality and safety (environmental, sanitary, fire).

Bituminous mastics are successfully used in conjunction with other bitumen-containing materials, such as roofing material. They are good for protecting wood from moisture, which is used in the construction of wooden fences, when processing the bottoms of boats.

The TechnoNIKOL company is one of the favorites among manufacturers of waterproofing materials. Products are developed by the corporation's specialists together with practicing builders. TechnoNIKOL bituminous mastic is a material, specifications which are not inferior to European counterparts, and even surpass them in some indicators. Thanks to its unique composition, it forms an elastic, weather-resistant waterproofing coating.

To form a durable elastic protective coating, the surface is poured with a liquid mixture, then leveled with strokes.

According to the composition of the mastics are one-component and two-component. The first show their properties after the evaporation of water or other components, the second - after the addition of a hardener. According to the original component, they are divided into:

Bituminous, not modified with polymers.
Bituminous with the addition of polymers.
Bituminous rubber.
Polymer.

The basis of protective coatings is bitumen - an asphalt-like substance obtained during the processing of oil and oil products. To give elasticity and protective properties, polymers are added to it. Density, hardness and resistance to low temperatures are provided by mineral wool, asbestos dust, combined ash, brick, limestone and quartz powders. Bending resistance is provided by fibrous fillers.

An obligatory component is thickeners, they use chalk, ground asbestos, peat chips. Additives reduce consumption, improve the properties and ease of application of the material. Due to the diverse structure and characteristics, bituminous mixtures are multifunctional, in demand in many areas of construction. Extensive use determines their varieties.

Varieties of bituminous coatings

Bituminous mixtures are classified according to composition and method of application. Some of them are applied hot, others cold. From right choice depend performance characteristics, durability and cost of coating.

Hot applied waterproofing

The composition of hot mastic includes bitumen, polymer fillers, minerals. An example of such a coating is TechnoNIKOL 41, a product compatible with all waterproofing materials popular brand. It is used in the arrangement and repair of the roof, for sealing potholes and cracks in asphalt, cement screeds, at the points of contact between the roof and pipes, at the joints, when installing funnels for drains. The hot mixture before application requires heating in a bitumen melting plant at a temperature of 160-190°C.

Before application, the mixture is heated to the required consistency in a special bitumen melting unit.

Cold applied mastic and its benefits

Simplified application technology and other advantages of cold waterproofing made it extremely popular. Her popularity is that she:

applied at sub-zero temperatures;
does not require constant heating, which greatly simplifies the workflow;
presented in different color shades;
to change the consistency, a solvent is added to it, which is relevant for formulations with a solvent;
forms a reliable protective layer;
increases the period between repairs of the roof and other structures.

Bituminous cold mastics are represented by two main groups: solvent-based and water-based.

Solvent cold applied mastics

Cold applied waterproofing is available ready for use. Due to the presence of an instantly evaporating solvent in its composition, a monolithic protective layer is formed.

Universal mixture TechnoNIKOL 21

Universal bituminous mastic is a ready-to-use mixture for roofing and building structures.

Its features:

It is applied at a temperature from - 10 to + 40 degrees. At sub-zero temperatures, the hardened mixture is heated.
It takes 12-24 hours to dry one coat. The thicker the layer, the longer it dries. Required protective properties buys in 7 days.
Cost per one square meter is 2.5-3.5 kg / m², when used as an adhesive - 1 kg, for roofing - 3.8-5.7 kg / m².
Forms a durable protective layer that increases the operational life of structures.

Forms a durable, quick-drying coating that increases the durability of building structures

Before use, the composition is thoroughly mixed. The surface for applying waterproofing is cleaned of dust, oil stains and other contaminants. Apply with a brush or spatula in layers. To waterproof the roof, it is poured out and evenly distributed with special rakes. The material has excellent adhesion, forms an elastic and reliable protective layer.

Protects from moisture penetration concrete and metal structures, piles and foundations buried in the ground, roofs of buildings, surfaces in pools, bathrooms and showers. When arranging mastic roofs, it is used in combination with roofing material and fiberglass or without them. TechnoNIKOL 21 treat metal surfaces, including car bodies and water pipes requiring anti-corrosion protection.

Features of waterproofing TechnoNIKOL 24

The composition includes petroleum bitumen, solvent, mineral fillers and processing aids. The absence of polymers makes the material less elastic, so it is classified as a rigid membrane. The area of use is not limited to concrete and reinforced concrete foundations and other construction objects. It is also used for anti-corrosion protection of metal structures. Material consumption for a single-layer coating of 1 m² - 1 kg.

Solvent-based mixtures are stored in dry rooms, protected from the sun, at temperatures from -20°С to +30°С during the year

Sealing waterproofing TechnoNIKOL 71

Used to insulate the top edge of the edge rail. It is characterized by good adhesion, resistance to ultraviolet radiation. It is used when installing roofing aerators, rubber cuffs, funnels and for patch repair of the roof. Provides tight connections in places where the roof touches ventilation shafts, parapets and other objects.

Important! Materials containing organic solvents should not be used near open flames. The rooms must be well ventilated. Avoid contact with exposed skin and eyes.

Water-emulsion mastics with the addition of bitumen

TechnoNIKOL water-emulsion mastics are water emulsions with the addition of bitumen and artificial rubber. Ready-to-use cold bitumen emulsion is made from new materials: polymers, emulsifiers, etc. The use of bitumen emulsion allows you to organize an environmentally friendly waterproofing system.

TechnoNIKOL 31 for internal use

Water-based mastic is applied to damp but not wet surfaces. Ideal for waterproofing toilets, bathrooms, balconies, swimming pools, basements. It is used in the arrangement and repair of roofs, for processing piles, foundations and other structures operated in a humid environment. Consumption per 1 m² for waterproofing surfaces - 2.5-3.5 kg, for arranging roofing - 3.8-5.7 kg.

TechnoNIKOL 33 for concrete structures

Latex- and polymer-modified water-based mastic does not contain solvents. Mechanized spraying with a coagulant is allowed (in the form of a water-salt solution consisting of 4 kg of salt and 25 liters of water). It is used for waterproofing mastic roofs and building structures. The absence of solvents allows the mixture to be used for internal processing rooms: balconies and loggias, bathrooms. Consumption during the arrangement of the roof - 4.5-5.5 kg / m², for waterproofing - 3.5-4.5 kg / m².

A waterproofing layer of rubber mastic is applied with a spray gun. It is considered dry if it does not stick to the sole when walking

Advantages and disadvantages of water-emulsion mastic

Water-based waterproofing has many advantages:

ease of application;
non-toxic due to the absence of a solvent;
fire and explosion safety;
the possibility of use in residential premises;
fast drying.

The only limitation for the use of water-based coatings, which is also a disadvantage, is the seasonality of the product.

Important! At temperatures below -5 ° C, the bitumen emulsion loses its performance characteristics and breaks up as a result of the transition of water to a solid state.

Video: application of TechnoNIKOL 33 mastic

When choosing a mastic, pay attention to its purpose: roofing, waterproofing, universal, for outdoor or indoor use. An important selection criterion is consumption per 1 m², hardening time, durability of the coating and price. Works using mastic require compliance with technology, material consumption rates, etc. For this reason, experienced and knowledgeable specialists are invited to perform them.

The modern variety of repair compounds, sealants and rubber tapes for roof repair is often confusing ordinary person. There is a leak, a roof defect has been discovered, but how can a crack or swollen bubble be repaired? Do not hire a professional team for this?

If you are now looking for a simple and reliable way to deal with such problems, repair the roof with bituminous mastic, which has been tested by more than one generation of builders. Both cheap and cheerful!

Bituminous mastic is a one- or two-component composition, which is used for waterproofing and roof repair. Such mastics have high resistance to oxidation, ultraviolet rays and a variety of aggressive environments. In addition, bituminous mastic has high elasticity and strength even in the temperature range from -40° to 100°C. What else is needed? Moreover, repairing roofing with such material is as easy as shelling pears:

Benefits of oil-derived mastic

The most common bituminous mastic has a number of valuable advantages:

Small weight.
Resistant to almost any aggressive environment.
Possibility of tinting.
Simple application that anyone can easily handle.
Elasticity.
Sufficient viscosity, which makes such a mastic universal.
Affordability and economy.
Insolation resistance.
Excellent waterproofing properties, thanks to which the repair of the roof is reliable and durable.
Durability.
Seamless. The presence of seams and joints is the most a big problem any roof.
Particular tensile strength, especially for bituminous mastics with rubber and rubber in the composition.
Stability and uniformity of application.
The ability to repair the roof of any shape and design, even the most complex.
fire resistance. Bituminous mastic is able to withstand fairly high temperatures.

And the most valuable property of bituminous mastic as a repair material is that it stretches and contracts without any consequences. After all, every second crack on the roof is subject to expansion (due to the reasons due to which it arose), and ordinary repair compounds without the necessary elasticity simply break. At the same time, bituminous mastic completely takes on the deformation load and copes with it perfectly.

But, so that all these qualities are not lost, buy mastic only good quality from a trusted manufacturer. Otherwise, the result is quite difficult to predict, and any new leaks, while you patch them up again, will have time to deliver a lot of problems. And therefore, the main thing is that the bituminous mastic that you plan to use to repair the roof should be produced in accordance with all GOST standards. And this means:

Uniform composition.
Ease of application to the area to be repaired.
Heat resistance not lower than 70°.
No emissions harmful to human health.
Excellent adhesive ability.
Waterproof and biostability.

So, the most famous domestic manufacturers of bituminous mastics are Grida, TechnoNIKOL and RusMonolit. Butyl rubber Polikrov M-140, bitumen-latex Blam-20, chlorosulfopolyethylene Polikrov-L and such as "Elamast", "Venta-U", "Gekopren" and "Blem-20".

What bituminous mastic is suitable for repair?

But the modern construction market offers a large selection of a wide variety of bituminous mastics, which differ in their composition. Conventionally, bituminous mastics, which are used for roofing, are divided into such types.

Cold applied mastic

This is a homogeneous composition, ready for use. If desired, you can dilute it with various solutions, and quickly use it until the solution itself has evaporated and the mastic has returned to its original properties.

Cold bituminous mastic is a salvation for the roof when you need to solve the problem as soon as possible. Moreover, this mastic is universal and suitable for almost any coating. But also preparatory work it does not need - no fire, no gas burner.

Plus, the most amazing moment: cold mastic is allowed to be applied even on a wet coating! This is ideal when you need to urgently stop a leak in the roof.

Note that some types of cold mastics still need to be slightly warmed up - only up to 30-40 ° C.

Hot applied mastic

You can use bituminous mastic either ready-made, directly from store shelves, or you can make it yourself.

This mastic must be heated to 150-180 ° C. It is important to follow all safety rules here, because it is necessary to apply such a mastic to the repaired places only when it is hot. But, as soon as the mastic cools down, it will acquire the shape you need.

Cooking bituminous mastic is actually not difficult:

Step 1. We kindle a good fire.
Step 2. We put two ordinary bricks on the sides.
Step 3. We take any old bucket and put a piece of bitumen there.
Step 4. Stir gently so as not to spill.
Step 5. Cover a crack or hole in several layers.

And an excellent putty for roof repairs is obtained from hot bituminous mastic, which we prepare from sawdust and dry sand. And you can cook such a mastic yourself, just do everything carefully:

But even in the finished bituminous mastic, you can optionally add your own additives, modifiers and solvents. So, to repair a roof on an inclined plane, so that the applied mastic does not drain, add a thickener, and if the mastic is too thick for a horizontal surface and does not “push” into the crack, use solvents.

Water-based mastic

This type of bituminous mastics is one of the most environmentally friendly. This mastic is safer and easier to apply, and it contains much less toxic substances.

Bituminous mastic with additives and fillers

Today, plasticizers, minerals, and a variety of binders are added to the most common bituminous mastic in order to change its properties in the right direction. And this is good, because to repair the same roof you need different time may need:

thick enough composition to close the hole;
liquid enough to isolate the edges of the sheets;
especially plastic to fasten the two halves of the cracked slate.

Therefore, let's look at each type separately, and you already decide which one to this stage you need:

Rubber and polyurethane bituminous mastics

Record holders in terms of elasticity are bituminous mastics with rubber and polyurethane. Them protective film, which is formed during the repair, is able to stretch without breaking 20 times!

Bitumen-latex mastic

Another one regarding the new kind bituminous mastic - bitumen-latex. Various synthetic binders and mineral fillers are added to its composition. talking plain language, these are bitumen and latex, which are enriched with fillers such as asbestos, mineral wool fibers and modifiers. What is better than ordinary bituminous mastic? Such a repair mixture has not only strength, but also higher water resistance.

Bituminous mastic with oil solvent

But bituminous mastic with an oil solvent does not harden at all. But it makes sense to use it to repair only those roofing elements that are subject to constant vibration. The fact is that bitumen-oil mastic does not form a hard film at all, but it never cracks, is plastic and will retain the integrity of the protection under any conditions.

Bitumen-rubber mastic

And, finally, bitumen-rubber mastic, quite well-known among the inhabitants. It is actively used for cars, but it is also a great option for roof repairs. This mastic is particularly resistant to stretching, shock and vibration. And, most importantly, it also adheres to any surface!

And now - about what to do with all these mastics and how exactly they can repair a variety of roofing defects.

Repair of a soft roof with bituminous mastic

IN summer time, especially in the heat, rolled roofing materials and shingles are subjected to particularly intense heating. The result - swelling in the roofing. Where? The fact is that in any roofing carpet there is a wetter base, which, when heated, releases water vapor (at 60 ° C - a pressure of 2 t / m2). As a result, air and water bags form, bituminous mastic flows out and noticeable bubbles form, sometimes up to 30 cm high!

Typically, the repair of such a roof comes down to replacing or sealing all defective places. All bitumen-based mastics are applied in two ways - mechanically or manually. Of course, for small roofing work it is easier to use a brush and a spatula, but a spray gun is more suitable for restoring an old roll coating.

A simple bituminous patch

Problem areas are cleared, covered with mastic and a patch is applied:

Sometimes the patch has to be reinforced with aluminum tape:

Water damage

If the material has already rotted in some place, we do this:

Step 1. The rotten material needs to be cut out, and it needs to be removed another 10 cm around the damage.
Step 2. Now we thoroughly clean the recess, which was formed as a result of all this.
Step 3 Lubricate the area to be repaired with mastic and seal it with another layer of roll material so that the damaged area overlaps by 15 cm.

Backlog from the base and air

If the carpet web lags behind the base, then the base itself must be smeared with mastic, the carpet web is pressed against it again, and a patch is glued on top so that the cut is blocked by 10 cm.

With places of swelling, they act differently:

Step 1. We make a cross-shaped incision.
Step 2. We bend the canvases on four sides.
Step 3. Carefully clear the base.
Step 4. We dry the base, grease the bent carpet sheets with bituminous mastic, press it to the base and glue it again.
Step 5. We patch this place and restore the coating.

Large and small cracks

Roofing roofing material especially often needs bituminous repair: even folded in three layers, it begins to collapse under the sun's rays after 8 years! Its entire surface is slowly but surely covered with small cracks, and if moisture also gets into them, write wasted. But you can do it:

If you need to restore the old roofing material, covered with small cracks from old age, then we do this:

Step 1. Thoroughly clean the roofing material from dust and sprinkles. Use solar oil for convenience, which helps cleaning and makes hardened roll materials more elastic and durable. And it is easy to remove the dressing with steel brushes or a spatula.
Step 2. If necessary, we make patches in problem areas. Each patch must be at least 10 cm larger than the repaired area on each side. Moreover, if you have to glue one patch to another, then overlap each next previous one.
Step 3. Apply bituminous grease to the cleaned base - with brushes, spray, brushes or rags.
Step 4. If any patches bulge, they need to be smoothed out. For example, to press some kind of load.
Step 5. Carefully remove excess mastic around the repaired areas or along the edges of the roof with a spatula.
Step 6. Sprinkle all repaired places with heated sand, which in the future will protect the mastic from sunlight and prevent it from melting.

If the cracks on the roll roofing are small in width, they are cut, debris is removed from there (and it is there, believe me), dried well with a building hair dryer and poured with hot mastic with tow. Then they are leveled and, if desired, covered with patches. Approximately according to this technology:

And for the most difficult cases, the so-called flashing method is used:

Protection against further corrosion

So, with the help of this material, most often they repair places that have succumbed to corrosion:

Step 1. We clean the roof from dust and dirt.
Step 2. With a stiff metal brush, we clean off the rust as far as possible.
Step 3 Carefully sweep away all rusty dust and immediately cover it with bitumen.

In more detail, this process looks like this:

bituminous patches

Patches for hard roofs are also impregnated with bituminous mastic:

Step 1. We make a patch from tarpaulin or thick burlap, ranging in size from 30 to 200 mm.
Step 2. We impregnate the patch with bituminous mastic and lay it on the repaired place.
Step 3 Let it dry well and cover with mastic again.

And it is also difficult to replace bitumen with something when it is necessary to seal the joints with high quality:

So, bituminous mastic is applied to the necessary roofing elements in liquid form. After evaporation of the solvent in it, we get a continuous, seamless film, the thickness of which will depend on how much dry residue was in the mastic. Note that bituminous mastics, in which no solvent was used, do not reduce their thickness of the applied layer.

Even in the mastic for the repair of any other roofs, except for rolled ones, it is advisable to introduce special fillers for viscosity - these are various thickeners and cement. Additionally, in order to protect the repair site from mechanical impacts, to which bituminous mastic is usually unstable, it is desirable to make a protective layer of bituminous sheets, adhesive tape, sand or fine gravel.

What is good, for the treatment of roofing areas with bituminous mastic, it is not necessary to clean rust or old paint, and even more so somehow prepare the base, which is especially troublesome when working at height. Valuable advantage!