Spring work in the country in March. Work in the country after winter Work in the spring in the country
In April, most summer residents begin to go to the sites to see how he spent the winter. Many already at this time begin to prepare greenhouses and greenhouses, grow seedlings, put everything in order in the garden, plot, garden and country house.
Now sequentially. Let's analyze the "average" option, when the dacha was mothballed in November and they came to see the state only in April. On the site, in addition to the house, there is a garden, a vegetable garden, a greenhouse. Let's start with activities around the house.
Works in the country house
First of all, you need to look at the condition of the basement and blind area of the house. In old village houses, dams protected.
Modern technologies for the construction of a concrete or brick foundation do not provide for the construction of blockages. In the best case, the plinth is tiled with facade tiles, plastered or painted. But often in the basement of the building you can see exposed concrete or brickwork. And if the house is put on columnar foundation- it is rarely protected.
In the cold season, snow falling from the roof creates additional shelter for the basement of the foundation. But when the sun begins to warm up, and the snow settles, melt water saturates the plinth, and at low night temperatures, when the water freezes, cracks can form on it.
Upon arrival at the dacha, it is necessary to clear the blind area of the house from the snow, expose the basement, and allow it to dry. It is advisable to ensure the natural flow of melt water from the house - to dig paths along which the water will leave the house. This is especially important if during the construction of the house it was not equipped surface drainage, and melt water flows along the natural slope of the soil to the foundation of the house.
In the temperate zone, the weather is unstable in spring. There are sharp thaws when the daytime temperature exceeds +10°C, although the night temperature still continues to stay below 0°C. In such conditions, a heavy flood can flood the site, and the night cold can turn it into a skating rink. It is necessary to ensure the flow of water from the site, to clear the drainage grooves, which are usually dug along the perimeter of the site.
Work in the greenhouse after winter
There are a huge number of models of greenhouses, both industrial and handicraft.
All of them suffer from one "disease" - after 2-3 years of operation, the soil in them is salted, its fertility is sharply reduced. The first two years, a decent harvest can be supported by the application of organic and mineral fertilizers. But in the end, it becomes necessary to replace the soil (to a depth of 15-20 cm) or transfer the greenhouse to a new location.
It is interesting that in the case of using a polyethylene film as a cover for the greenhouse, which is torn in the second year in winter under the weight of snow and wind pressure, no significant soil salinization is observed. Practitioners have a strong opinion that non-permanent greenhouses (and most of them) should be left uncovered for the winter.
Indeed, melt water in rural areas practically does not contain salts (in cities, snow absorbs a large number of heavy salts) and is energetically active, alive.
Numerous experiments have proven that the use of melt water even in industrial greenhouses operating all year round, allows you to almost double the duration of soil operation. And in the conditions of a private greenhouse, the use of melt water, coupled with the rational application of organic fertilizers, makes it possible to remove the issue of replacing the soil.
It is not too late to do this in April, if summer residents did not come to the site all winter, the greenhouse should be ventilated and the beds covered with a thick layer of snow. It will not be possible to overdo it here - the more melt water passes through the soil of the greenhouse, the better.
True, a “conflict of interest” may arise, since from the second half of April it is already possible to plant green crops and radishes in the greenhouse using bioheating. But if the owners garden plot did not appear on it all winter, then they are unlikely to plant early vegetables and seedlings in April.
By the way, about bioheating. The effect of heat release during the decay of organic matter, in particular manure, was used a long time ago.
In protected ground conditions, bioheating is used constantly. The technology here is simple.
Fresh manure (horse or cow) is laid from autumn under greenhouse beds and covered with a layer of earth 15-20 cm.
Rotting of manure occurs constantly, but in winter, when the soil freezes, the activity of putrefactive bacteria decreases sharply, so the rate of decay decreases.
Since February, when the sun begins to peek out, the soil in the greenhouse warms up, the bacteria become more active. And since even night frosts are not terrible for heated soil, gardeners plant unpretentious crops in it. Some danger to humans is posed by gases released during decay of manure, in particular methane, ammonia and carbon dioxide, therefore greenhouses are constantly ventilated, although these gases in small concentrations do not harm plants.
On the one hand, ventilation is desirable, as the plants harden off, but, on the other hand, heat is lost during ventilation.
Synthetic vapor barrier helps to reduce the emission of gases from biofuels.
In fact, this is the same geotextile that gardeners often use on the farm. In autumn, after laying manure, it is covered with a layer of synthetic vapor barrier or geotextile with a density of 60-80 g / m 2 and covered with fertile soil with a layer of 10-15 cm.
Work in the garden in spring
From the closed greenhouse soil, it is logical to move on to the open ground of garden beds. In agronomy, there is the concept of "alternation of crops." It implies the expediency of transferring a culture to another place after a certain period of time.
Simply put, if garden strawberries grew on some beds for three years, then a sufficient amount of slag substances and pests of strawberries formed here.
It is advisable to move it to another place, and plant onions or garlic on strawberry beds, for which both pests of strawberries and the remaining slags from it are safe.
In fact, the same salinization of the soil has an impact on the decrease in yield.
We can say that melt water increases the bioprotection of the soil. Therefore, it is advisable to accumulate the maximum possible layer of snow (80-100 cm) on the beds and plots.
Spring work in the garden
In April, it is time to ventilate the protective shelters of the roses, if they have been built. Professional rose growers categorically do not recommend covering roses with spruce branches - spruce needles almost always contain spores of pathogenic fungi, in particular rust, which infect buds and young rose shoots.
Unfortunately, many owners of garden plots with enviable persistence continue to break off neighboring spruce forests and bring pathogenic microflora to their site.
Formative pruning of fruit trees.
Currently, the vast majority of woody fruit crops are offered for sale grafted onto semi-dwarf rootstocks. This means that the optimal height of garden trees is 3-4 m for apple trees and 4-5 m for pears, depending on the strength of the rootstock and the variety of the scion. The grafted plants themselves can far outgrow these heights, but the strength of the root of a semi-dwarf stock will not be enough to fully nourish the huge crown - the terminal branches become thinner, fruit buds are not laid.
Therefore, fruit trees are periodically crowned - they are cut at the right height. In addition, depending on the intensity of growth, with a frequency of 3-4 years, formative pruning of crowns is carried out, internal shading and intersecting branches are removed, and extra top shoots are cut out.
Enough has been written about the methods and techniques of pruning.
Here I would like to note that the gardener faces a dilemma when to prune - in autumn or spring? Autumn pruning stimulates the laying of fruit buds, but is fraught with frost, since large cuts are not protected, and the wood in them freezes deep. Pruned trees do not undergo deep freezing in spring, but when pruning, a large number of fruit buds are removed, and the gardener is left without a crop in the first warm season after pruning.
Such protection prevents deep freezing of wood, while pruning itself stimulates the laying of fruit buds. However, a tall stump eventually dries up and breaks out, leaving a hollow, into which pathogenic fungi penetrate.
Therefore, in the spring it must be cut according to the rules - according to the level of the fold of the bark at the point of origin of the branch. And it is good to smear the wound itself with garden pitch or paint it over with thick green oil paint.
If forming pruning is carried out in the spring, then all sections larger than 1 cm in diameter must be smeared with garden pitch - it is believed that sections less than 1 cm in diameter do not need such protection. Pruning is carried out before the start of sap flow.
When removing thick branches or trunks, the bark is first sawn in a circle. When cutting, the branches are held to avoid breaking and splitting the wood on the remaining branches. If this happens, then the split is wrapped with matting or geotextile, several turns of string are applied and pulled together. The saw cut and exposed cracks are coated with garden pitch.
On a note:
- In winter, snow sliding from the roof additionally covers the plinth, but in spring, when the snow melts, wooden walls damp to a great height.
- Clearing the blind area and exposing the basement is a mandatory event when visiting a suburban area in the winter.
- With proper maintenance of the site in the spring, the walls and basement of the house remain dry.
- In winter, greenhouses covered with cellular polycarbonate are usually completely covered with snow. In the spring, melted snow slides off the slopes, and the internal volume of the greenhouse warms up.
- The snow brought to the greenhouse beds, when melting, will wash the soil, free it from salts and pests.
- White lightweight geotextile with a density of 5-40 g/m 2 is an excellent shelter.
- In the spring, snow is removed from it and, if necessary, ventilation holes are made - Plants do not suffocate.
- When filing trunks or large branches, first make a circular cut through the bark.
- When they want to rejuvenate a tree, they remove the main trunk, allowing butt or basal shoots to grow. In the process of work, the trunk is usually cut down above the prescribed place so as not to accidentally split the remaining part, and the final saw cut is made inclined in the right place to avoid stagnant water, and smeared with garden pitch.
CLEANING PLANTS FROM SNOW
With heavy snowfalls and temperature drops from minus to plus, the snow becomes wet and heavy. Coniferous trees and shrubs - arborvitae, junipers, pines - suffer greatly from it. If the plants had a spreading or wide-conical crown shape, were not tied for the winter, then they suffer greatly from the breakage of large branches or their crown is deformed. Therefore, after heavy snowfalls, it is recommended to shake off wet and heavy snow from the branches. And sometimes you can bind for 1-2 months.
Sheared deciduous forms can also be affected by snow, such as spirea, hedge cotoneaster, vesicle.
WHITEWASHING OF STEMS AND SKELETAL BRANCHES
At the end of winter - the beginning of spring, whitewashing of trunks and skeletal branches can be carried out in order to avoid sunburn and frost cracks. Whitewashing, carried out in the fall, is ineffective for these purposes (washed off by rain).
FIGHTING WITH SUNBURN
In January - February in the middle lane the sun becomes active. During the day it warms, and at night the temperature drops sharply. Such a contrasting change in temperature leads to cracks - frost holes, especially on the southern side of plants.
It is enough to make a light shelter or screen on the south side of the plant to avoid burns.
TRUMBLING THE GROUND CIRCLES
Around stand-alone plants, it is necessary to trample the snow.
During the winter, passages and burrows of rodents form in the snow, which damage the delicate bark in the lower part of plant trunks.
Ornamental fruit and deciduous trees are especially affected, less often conifers. If the stem (lower part of the trunk) has not been protected since autumn with a special net from rodents, then it is necessary to trample the trunk circle, and hang "lugals" from hares on the lower or middle branches.
SPRING CUTTING
You can start sanitary pruning as soon as you can get close to the plants (February - April). Pruned branches broken by snow, frost-damaged branches, as well as diseased and dried ones. This type of trimming is carried out separately from the forming one or combined with it. The timing is limited by the opening of the kidneys and the appearance of leaves or the beginning of flowering. You can cut hedges in a leafless state, giving them the desired shape.
REMOVING THE COVER
In March - April, they begin to gradually remove the shelters from roses, hydrangeas, rhododendrons, etc. The shelters are removed in layers, not abruptly, for 1 week. Then sanitary pruning is carried out.
FERTILIZER
Can be driven through melting snow. Spreading a thin layer of ash, peat, manure, chicken manure, you can get earlier snow melting and at the same time light top dressing with microelements or organic fertilizer. You can also apply mineral granular complex or spring fertilizers, which, gradually dissolving when the snow melts, will fall into the soil.
SPRING WORK WITH THE LAWN
Immediately after the snow melts, they begin to comb out the lawns, as well as their aeration (piercing). This is important for overgrown lawns (if not mowed in the fall) and to combat lawn snow mold.
CLEANING FLOWERS
After the snow melts, dead wood and fallen leaves are removed from the flower beds, the surface layer of soil between perennials is loosened and spring fertilizers are applied. If the flower beds are from annuals, then the soil is dug up on a shovel bayonet and complex fertilizer is applied to the topsoil. Planting of annuals begins no earlier than May 25th.
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The garden plot needs care almost all year round: spring is the time to come out of hibernation and prepare the land and plants for the new harvest year. Summer is the time for plant care. Autumn is the time to harvest and prepare the land and garden for the harsh winter. Only in winter does an avid summer resident get a respite, and even at this time household plot needs some looking after.
Spring is the time for the awakening of nature after the cold, preparing the land and garden for a new harvest. But in spring, the weather is so capricious and unpredictable that before starting work in the garden and on the ground, you should navigate the first spring month not by dates, but by weather conditions.
In March, snow and frost most often prevent garden work from starting. But even at this time, you can find an activity that will help improve the appearance of the site, help trees and shrubs, and prepare the land.
Garden care in March
If the first month of spring is rich in snow, you should try to protect fruit plants from damage by shaking off snow from the crowns. Due to the alternation of frosts and thaws, the snow becomes heavy and sticky, due to which it can break off fragile tree branches.
Spring is a difficult time for hares and small rodents, so it is advisable to check the integrity of the bark of young fruitful trees. If there is a lot of snow near the trunks, it is advisable to clear it so that the animals do not get to the branches.
Coniferous tree care
In spring, the sun is quite bright and the sun's rays can damage the crowns. coniferous trees, especially if there is snow on the ground that reflects light. If young trees are located in open areas, then it is advisable to cover their branches from the scorching ultraviolet radiation. Crowns tied with twine can be covered with burlap or old bedspreads. For small trees, you can build special shields. When the snow melts, the protection can be removed.
Fruit tree care
If whitewash is not applied to tree trunks in autumn or winter, this must be done in early spring. Alternatively, you can wrap the trunks with light paper. This will protect the bark from sunburn. Whitewashing will protect the bark of plants from pests that will definitely appear with the onset of heat.
Until the snow melts, you should start trimming the branches of fruit trees. This will help not only remove excess shoots, but also correctly form the height and shape of the crown.
Worth knowing!!! It is necessary to form a crown every few years. Annual pruning can weaken the tree and result in lower yields.
Video - How to properly trim the crowns of fruit trees
When the air temperature rises above 5-6 degrees, the branches of fruit trees should be sprayed with special insecticides against pests and diseases. It is important to do this before the first leaves appear.
If there was a lot of snow in the garden during the winter and in March it began to actively melt, water should not be allowed to stagnate on the ground. With the help of small ditches dug in the ground, the outflow of water from the site should be ensured. Otherwise, the roots of trees in a flooded area cannot “breathe”.
AT sunny days you can start to open the shoots of roses and other heat-loving flowers to prevent the accumulation of condensate under the film and "harden" the plants.
Toward the end of March, bulbs of daffodils and lilies can be freed from covering materials. These flowers are not afraid of night frosts.
The release of the land and garden from the snow cover should be noted by a major cleaning. Remove old leaves and broken branches from the ground, sweep garden paths, clear them of moss. You can also inspect garden furniture, repair or paint benches.
Garden work in March is the sowing of seeds of tomatoes and peppers for seedlings. Seedlings are grown in special containers at home, on window sills.
Video -How to grow tomato seedlings at home
April
This month, much attention is paid to preparing the land for planting, and it is April that is the most laborious and busy month for summer residents.
Works on the ground
April is the time of working with the earth. But before you start digging a garden, you should know agricultural tricks.
What crops are sown in April
Table
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| planted in open ground, landings do not need to be insulated with a film. |
| Seeds are germinated at home. At the end of April, subject to warm weather, the seedlings are taken outside for hardening. |
| They are sown in open ground, but the beds should be covered with foil. |
If you plan to plant potatoes, then in early April, you should sort out the tubers for planting, laying them in a well-ventilated and lit place for vernalization. Potatoes should not be exposed to direct sunlight.
If winter garlic and onions were sown for the winter, you should remove the mulch layer, loosen and feed the soil with crops.
In April, you need to prepare greenhouses for new plantings. In addition to digging and fertilizing, the soil should be disinfected. For these purposes, 3% Bordeaux liquid is used. It is also recommended to wash the glass or plastic in the greenhouse to improve the light transmission of the material.
April work in the garden
At the beginning of the month, you need to fertilize the root system of fruit trees and shrubs.
In April, after the snow melts, you need to remove all the bindings from the trees, remove the protective spruce branches and shields from the sun.
If the soil is too wet, you should not stomp near the roots of trees, this will impair their nutrition and oxygen saturation.
In the middle of the month, you can start updating the garden by planting seedlings of trees or shrubs in wells prepared and fertilized with organic matter and ash. Seedlings must be tied up.
You need to carefully look at all the trees and shrubs to make sure that pests have not appeared on the bark or branches. Also, for preventive purposes, it is necessary to treat the trunks of plants with a solution blue vitriol.
With the onset of heat, you can do strawberries. You should remove the mulch, loosen and fertilize the earth around the shoots.
May
Works in the garden
May is a month of unstable weather: warm during the day and frost at night. It is the night frosts in May that can destroy the entire crop if no action is taken. Also in May, all plants and crops are planted on the beds and greenhouses, so the month for summer residents and gardeners is very busy.
In the last month of spring, you need to try to finally form the beds. Cabbage is planted in open ground, sorrel, onions, carrots, aromatic herbs and spices are sown.
All shoots of carrots and beets should be thinned out and fed. It is recommended to water the sprouts after 3-4 days. Weeding should be carried out carefully, as vegetable sprouts are still very weak and easily damaged.
Top dressing strawberries in spring - photo
Onion crops are thinned out, fed with a mixture of mullein, potassium salt and phosphate fertilizers. Feeding is best combined with watering. In order for the plants to receive enough oxygen, it is necessary to periodically loosen the ground near the rows with bulbs.
Don't forget the garlic. The beds with this crop need to be watered often and thoroughly, otherwise the garlic begins to shrink without water. In mid-May, you need to carefully remove the arrows, otherwise these sprouts will pull on most of the nutrients.
In mid-May, it is possible to plant seedlings of tomatoes, peppers, eggplants in a greenhouse or open ground, under a film.
Folk calendar for sowing plants in open ground
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| You can sow under the film after the flowering of mountain ash, there will be no severe frosts on the soil. |
| These crops can be sown after the peonies open their buds. |
| These crops can be planted and sown in open ground after the daffodils bloom. |
| These crops can be sown after the chestnut blossoms. |
| Can be planted after the lilac blooms |
Potatoes are planted in May. Early varieties It is customary to sow at the beginning of the month, late - in the middle or at the end of May.
It is important to know!!! Fragile and tender sprouts of garden crops need enhanced feeding and watering. Especially do not forget about those plants that are planted in greenhouses. You should also spray the seedlings with pesticides in a timely manner.
May work in the garden
If a lawn is planted on the site, then in May you should start cutting the grass. While the ground is wet, do not trample on the lawn a lot, otherwise “bald spots” will appear on it. In the process of cutting, it is important to remove the broken weeds.
During the flowering period of fruit trees, gardeners should be wary of night frosts, because frost-damaged flowers do not produce ovaries. To preserve the crop, you can try to protect the trees from the effects of cold. For these purposes, smoke bombs or small portable barbecue stoves are used, in which the fire should be maintained all night.
After the appearance of buds on fruit trees, care must be taken to ensure that pests do not destroy the future crop. For the prevention and destruction of apple flower beetles, ticks, moths, aphids, apple suckers, you need to prepare the following mixture: 60 grams of karbofos, 80 grams of copper oxychloride and 40 grams of chlorophos are diluted per 20 liters of water. These substances can be purchased in specialized stores. The resulting mixture is sprayed on the crowns and branches of all existing trees and shrubs in the garden. If the primary treatment did not help, you can repeat the procedure before the flowering of fruitful trees and shrubs begins.
With the appearance of the first leaves on the trees, you can see which branches were damaged by winter frosts. Dead branches need to be cut off, it is recommended to cover the cut points with ordinary oil paint.
In early May, you need to work with garden raspberries. Shoots that were bent to the ground for the winter should be straightened and tied to a trellis or fence. Damaged branches are recommended to be cut at the root, the remaining shoots should be cut along the first formed bud. Raspberries need to be fed, suitable for these purposes organic fertilizers. Top dressing can be combined with watering.
It is important to inspect all gooseberry and blackcurrant bushes available on the site. These cultures during flowering and the formation of ovaries are a real delicacy for ants. To preserve the crop, a piece of cloth should be moistened in kerosene and placed at the roots of shrubs. Do not pour kerosene into the ground, this can adversely affect the plants.
It is important to know!!! If signs of doubleness appear on the blackcurrant during the flowering period, the bush should be uprooted immediately, otherwise there is a risk of infecting all the plants in the garden. Terryness caused by aphids and bud mites cannot be cured.
In order for the garden and the garden to please with a rich harvest, you need to pay attention to the planted plants daily throughout the entire garden period.
The last winter days are dragging on, and on the threshold is the long-awaited beauty of spring - ruddy and perky. Along with spring come pleasant chores and worries about the garden and garden. Longing for work, gardeners and summer residents will rush to their plots, freed from frost and straightening their shoulders.
At this time, summer residents have more than enough work, you need to do everything, because spring work in the country and in the garden lays the foundation for the future harvest, so they are very important for gardeners. These days, you need to carefully clean the area after the winter, prepare the site for planting, tidy up trees and shrubs.
Cleaning
Let's start cleaning first. We take out everything from the site that protected our plantings from the cold. We clean the covering material, wash it, dry it, if necessary.
once again we clean it, and put it in the place allotted for it until the next cold weather. In the garden and garden, we clean everything from the garbage accumulated over the fall and winter: leaves, grass, branches and other things. No matter how you clean up in the fall, by spring you will still have a fair amount of garbage accumulated. In addition, greenhouses and greenhouses should be cleaned and washed, water drains should be cleaned.
Inventory check
And be sure to check your gardening equipment - now you will constantly need it.
Tree whitewashing
In early March, all trees must be whitewashed. And smear young trees with a mixture of clay and mullein. This will be a kind of top dressing for them after a cold winter.
Shrub processing
In order to control pests, currant and gooseberry bushes should be doused with boiling water, having previously spread cellophane under the bushes. When the air warms up to +5 degrees, you can start spraying. Branches damaged by pests should be removed and burned.
AT last days In March, in order to control pests, plants can be sprayed with a solution of copper sulfate.
Viability check
Next, be sure to check how your pets survived the winter. To do this, tissue that looks damaged is cut along the trunk or shoot to the base. If the cut is clean, without blackness, has a light green color, then this means that the plant survived the winter perfectly.
Weed control
It's no secret that the first weeds will appear along with the sun and heat. They should be disposed of while the soil is moist and the roots are still weak.
garden cleaning
Paths in the garden and garden need to be cleared of old growth and moss. This can be done with a stiff brush and a fairly strong jet of water from a hose. Next, we check the integrity of flowerpots, containers, flower pots and restore it, clean them of debris and plant residues and treat them with herbicides. We replace the old earth with fresh, dry the rhizomes and tubers of plants. If there is a greenhouse on your site, then this is just the most favorable time for its repair, if it somehow suffered during the winter.
Soil mulching
When everything is cleaned and repaired, you can begin to mulch the soil in the garden, in flower beds and in the garden. This is necessary as a thick layer of mulch helps the plants favorable conditions, warms the roots from the cold and protects from the burning rays of the sun. In addition, thanks to him, moisture is miraculously preserved in the soil, weeds do not grow and harmful insects do not penetrate. In addition, mulched soil has a beneficial effect on the yield of zucchini, cucumbers, pumpkins and strawberries, and also reduces the likelihood of their decay. Yes, and the mulched soil looks much nicer. For mulching, you can use leaves, covering cloth, sawdust and other improvised materials.
bark mulch
top dressing
Further, be sure at the beginning of spring, in March, you need to feed the soil (regardless of its condition). Thus, you will ensure good growth and development of your plants, their high yield and excellent decorative qualities. The composition of fertilizers must necessarily include nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus, which are part of the well-known fertilizers "Nitrofoska" and "Azofoska". The easiest way is to scatter fertilizers over the plot or beds in the amount indicated in the annotation.
In addition, on the same days, you can dig up the soil and at the same time add mineral fertilizers and ash to it. After digging, the soil should be leveled with a rake. Ridges can be made on heavy soils.
The soil
Under crops, the land should be allocated well-fertilized, loose, but not acidic. Such land is prepared by mixing humus, peat, fertile soil, tree resin and mineral fertilizers.
Planting early crops
When the soil is prepared, you can start planting all kinds of crops. In March, you can plant seeds of cabbage (white and cauliflower), tomatoes, onions, and beets for seedlings.
In the southern regions of the country, early vegetables and herbs can be sown in open ground in March.
tree pruning
In March, when the threat of frost has passed, a low positive temperature will set in, fruit trees and shrubs need to be cut. The pruned crowns of trees ideally have the shape of an open bowl, which will provide air access to the branches and the necessary lighting. Pruning of branches is done when the buds on the plants have not yet swollen.
Planting seedlings
At the same time, immediately after the snow melts, you can plant tree seedlings. At this time, they are still sleeping, so the time is favorable for landing. Planting is carried out in the order that is known to many gardeners. We dig a landing hole, line its bottom with manure, on it - a small layer of fertilized soil. We place the seedling in the prepared hole, straighten the roots, sprinkle it with earth and compact it. It is advisable to install a peg-support near the seedling for the first time. So that the earth does not dry out around the roots, seedlings need to be watered occasionally.
In the southern regions of the country, early vegetables and greens can be sown in March.
April
In the April days of work in the garden, you will not decrease, because you need to continue cleaning the topsoil, removing the bark around the kidneys. By this time, the garbage on the site will dry out well and the ground too. It should be collected carefully and burned.
Pest control
Black viburnum aphid
If last season your garden was attacked by mites, suckers, psyllids, aphids, then the shrubs and trees in it should be sprayed with nitrofen. This must be done before the buds open. Care must be taken to dig and loosen the ground around the trees. This will help improve the quality of the soil, and will kill infections and pests.
Still useful for a while trunk circles cover with cellophane so that pests from their winter homes do not rush to the trees. Cellophane can be safely removed when the moth stops flying.
Vaccinations
Spring is the best time for grafting trees. Moreover, the vaccination can be done both by the kidney and by the cutting. Cutting shoots survive better, and it is very difficult for shoots obtained from a grafted bud to survive the winter. Cuttings are best done in the second half of spring. This is done with a sharp knife or secateurs. The main condition for success in this business is very close contact between the scion and the rootstock. Having mastered this art, you can start any varieties on your site, having several basic trees.
Flower beds with perennials
Now let's turn our attention to the flower beds with perennials. Herbaceous perennials are best divided in early spring. Separated rhizomes of phloxes, bluebells, chrysanthemums grow more actively, they bloom longer and more magnificently. Large specimens of bushes can be divided with a simple shovel. Dissect them between the kidneys. Rhizomes of small plants can be cut with a simple garden knife.
perennial phlox
Lawn
If you have a green lawn, then in order for it to please you with its emerald greenery all summer long, you need to take care of it in the spring. To do this, you need to feed him, comb out, aerate and weed.
Lawn fertilization
Lawns benefit greatly from early fertilization with nitrogen fertilizers. They need to be applied as soon as the snow melts. Even before the appearance of the first grass, it is necessary to apply a complex fertilizer containing not only nitrogen, but also potassium and phosphorus.
Lawn cleaning
After that, you need to remove the accumulated debris and vegetable felt, as they interfere with the growth of grass and worsen the lighting. For this, lawn rakes are used. They will collect garbage with felt, and scratch the soil to provide air access to the roots.
Aeration
It is also possible to pierce dense soil with ordinary pitchforks for air access.
At the end of spring, weeding is done. If there are few weeds, then manual weeding is enough; if it is difficult to handle manually, then herbicides can be applied.
Pest control
It is no secret that in the spring, along with plants, insect pests begin to actively behave, which bring great harm to shrubs and fruit trees in gardens and vegetable gardens.
It is necessary to make a thorough inspection of all branches and pay special attention to fastened dry leaves, as they may turn out to be nests of hawthorn and golden tail. They are collected by hand and destroyed (preferably at the stake).
If weevils are found, then they should be destroyed in cold weather, when they are numb and will not move. To do this, you need to spread cellophane under the tree and shake the branches. Insects from the branches will crumble and then they can be burned.
weevil beetle
Moths and leafworms are destroyed with an infusion of wood ash or mustard, but you can get rid of suckers with an infusion of garlic with tobacco. Also, in order to control pests, trees are sprayed with a solution of copper sulfate, iron sulfate, urea, Bordeaux mixture, and a laundry soap solution is successfully used against aphids.
Among other things, there is still a lot of other work, such as cleaning reservoirs, repairing and putting in order. garden furniture, planting flowers.
May
planting vegetables
In May, it is time to plant various vegetable and ornamental crops. At this time, in central Russia, carrots, greens, cucumbers, watermelons and melons, onions, radishes and everything they consider necessary are sown, and in the south of Russia, seedlings of cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, cabbage are planted in full swing in open ground.
With the onset of winter, gardeners and gardeners take a short break and rest from work in the country. But with the onset of spring, they again have to work in the garden and garden. Let's find out in more detail what activities need to be carried out on the plots so that gardeners and gardeners are satisfied with the harvest.
Basic gardening in spring
With the onset of spring, the first work begins not in the garden, but in the garden. This is related to that most activities are carried out before sap flow and the appearance of the first kidney.
What needs to be done:
Coniferous tree care in spring
To spring bright sun did not damage the crowns of coniferous trees, they must be covered with an old bedspread or burlap. The roots of coniferous trees must be shed warm water th. This procedure will help to melt the snow faster and protect the trees from dehydration.
If during the winter the branches broke or dried up, then they must be removed. Also, do not forget about mulching. You can make it with pine bark or crushed cones. This process helps retain moisture. last longer and prevent weeds.
Spring care for currants, raspberries and gooseberries
Spring work in the garden
To get a good harvest from the beds, it is necessary to prepare the garden for planting in the spring. What should be done?
Spring lawn care
If you have a lawn then you need to take care of him, starting in early spring. As soon as the snow on the lawn begins to melt, you need to scatter mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe lawn.
When the soil dries out a little, it is necessary to remove all leaves and debris from the lawn. After that, it is necessary to loosen the lawn with a special rake-scarifier. This procedure will enable young shoots to grow.
In order for the soil to be saturated with oxygen, pierce it around the entire perimeter of the lawn with a fork.
If during all the above works the surface of the lawn is damaged, these areas must be leveled in height, cover with sand and sow with a new lawn.
In May, the lawn needs to be mowed, but it is not worth trampling on it much so that your marks do not remain.
strawberry care
Everyone loves strawberries, both adults and children. But not everyone knows that proper care In the spring, a good harvest depends on strawberries. How to care for this berry in the spring?
From the area where strawberries grow, it is necessary to remove all snow-retaining materials. Remove debris and old blackened leaves. Cut off old mustaches and inflorescences. It is better to burn all collected garbage in order to protect your berry from last year's diseases and pests.
After that, apply a nitrogen-containing fertilizer under each bush. To get a good harvest, strawberries need to be fed before flowering and after flowering. Cooking yeast, chicken manure, mullein, sodium sulfate, potassium, nitrophosphate, weed tincture are suitable for this. But you also need to feed it correctly, otherwise excessive feeding can lead to the death of strawberries.
New leaves that swell should be dug in with earth. The soil around the strawberry bushes must be loosened.
Before the appearance of leaves, each bush must be sprayed with Bordeaux mixture. And when it's warm, bushes must be sprayed with a solution from calcium chloride and wood ash.
If some strawberry bushes are frozen, then new bushes can be planted in their place.
If you do not want your berry to be attacked by slugs, you should mulch with wood ash or pine needles.
Spring work in the country: planting new flowers
In early March, you can already plant the following flowers: hyacinths, crocuses, snowdrops, asters petunias. But if you want these flowers to please you with their flowering earlier, need to plant seeds at home first in special boxes, and with the onset of heat, plant seedlings in the ground.
Before planting the seeds, they must be soaked for several minutes in a solution of potassium permanganate. After this procedure, the seeds must be dried, and can be planted.
Land for planting must also be prepared. Better if it consists of humus, sand and soil.
If you decide to plant bulbous plants, then before planting they must be kept for thirty minutes in a potassium permanganate solution. This is necessary so that they are not exposed to various viruses and fungi.
When planting bulbous plants in the ground, it is necessary to ensure that the bulb is strictly directed downwards. Landing should be carried out when the air temperature at night is above ten degrees. Otherwise, your flowers will die.
The soil must be well water-permeable. Sandy soil needs to be fertilized with compost, and if the soil does not pass water well, then a little crushed stone and sand should be poured into the bottom of each hole.
If you do it right, then your flower bed will be the most beautiful in the country.
Now you know what spring work in the garden is, what needs to be done to get a good harvest. Stick to these rules and you'll be fine. Happy harvest!
