Light curtains let in a lot of light, thereby allowing the room to heat up. Replace them! For example, on roller blinds: they completely cover the light opening, so you can dose sunlight entering the room. Roller blinds are made from opaque, light-diffusing and reflective fabrics, and they are also treated with dust-repellent impregnation.

Another effective method lowering the temperature in the apartment - cassette blinds. They are attached directly to the sash, so that access to the window itself will always be free. In addition, due to the convenient mechanism for controlling the lamellas (plates), you can easily adjust the illumination of the room. daylight streets. Plus: today you can choose a model that will organically fit into your interior.

But the fastest and easiest way to save yourself from active sunlight is to stick a reflective (thermal protective) film on the glass. It reflects infrared rays and reduces the flow of solar heat, and, unlike foil, does not affect the illumination of the room.

Cooling the air in the summer is one of the top priorities of a homeowner. How to use the energy that surrounds us for this purpose and make air conditioning practically free, this article will tell.

The importance of ventilation cannot be overestimated. We will not repeat what has been described many times and will focus on our own task - to cool and freshen the air in the house. Traditional ventilation systems can be quite expensive to install due to the cost of components and assemblies, as well as the cost of qualified installation work.

During operation, they consume a significant amount of electricity, especially for cooling the air mass, they emit a lot of heat and create noise. The system described in this article is easy to install, energy efficient, requires no special skills and is intuitive. It should be noted right away that due to its simplicity, it has limited functions, however, it provides for modernization at any site at any convenient time.

In our case, the term "recuperation" is a synonym for the word "heat exchange", therefore the concepts of "recuperator" and "heat exchanger" are interchangeable. On the physical level the process consists in cooling / heating the air, changing its temperature due to the consumption of thermal energy, and then mixing. How and why this happens, we will consider further.

Stable energy source

Pursuing the goal of lowering the temperature in the room in the summer, it is reasonable to ask the question: “Where to give the energy of the heated atmospheric air? How to cool it down? Here the forces of nature come to our aid. The fact that at a certain depth the ground temperature is constant will be our main argument in justifying the energy efficiency of the system.

The soil is capable of endlessly exchanging energy - cooling and heating any carrier (air, water), but only up to its own temperature at a given depth, which remains constant due to the relative stability of the earth's core.

International practice

Of course, we are far from the first to decide to use the infinite and free energy of the Earth. In European countries, which are commonly called developed (Germany, Sweden, Belgium, etc.), this energy has been used since the beginning of the last century. The progress made in this area is impressive.

Systems for heat exchange of water below ground level are called "heat pumps". Such underground and underwater devices heat and cool the premises of the entire house. Standard projects have been developed for any building and it is possible to transfer a house from a traditional (gas, electric) air conditioning system to heat pumps. In a similar, but more primitive way, this energy is also used in our country, arranging underground food storage facilities (cellars).

What is a good natural heat exchanger

The operation of our heat exchanger is based on the same physical process as in heat pumps. Focusing on economy, we use this principle, bringing it to our own needs and local realities.

Tasks that an adapted autonomous recuperator can solve:

1. Permanent natural ventilation closed doors and windows.
2. Rapid replacement of indoor air with fresh air.
3. Cooling the air in the room.
4. Preparing the air mixture for the next steps.

Advantages:

1. Absolute environmental friendliness. During the installation and operation of the basic system, toxic materials are not used and no heat emissions into the atmosphere occur.
2. Security. The recuperator does not use electric motors (power more than 100 W), chemical agents, high voltage.
3. Simplicity and cheapness. For forced ventilation used only a little powerful fans power of 100 watts. Ventilation takes place naturally.
4. Oxygen is not burned during operation.
5. Low noise level.

Disadvantages:

• the basic system does not provide for filtration, humidity control, heating or other processing of the air mixture (but allows the possibility of installing the appropriate equipment later).

Simple and clear system

Autonomous heat exchanger for country house- this is a system of ventilation ducts, partially laid underground, included in the supply and exhaust ventilation circuit. In order to create such an “air conditioner”, it is not necessary to understand the intricacies of physical phenomena. Just knowing that it works is enough. You can verify this by going down in the heat to any basement, well or subway.

The principle of operation is as follows:

1. Atmospheric air passes through pipes laid in the ground with a constant temperature (usually from +4 to +10 °C).
2. In the underground part, the cool soil absorbs the thermal energy of the heated air.
3. The cooled air is delivered through the ventilation ducts to the premises of the house.
4. Simultaneously exhaust fan removes saturated and heated air mixture (“old air”) from the room.

According to the principle of construction, such systems are divided into two main types: pipe and bunker.

Pipe - consists entirely of pipes. The design can be varied depending on site conditions. Suitable in case of reconstruction of a house without a capacious basement, but a lot of earthwork will be required.

Bunker or stone - the heat exchanger is a bunker filled with large stones. It takes up less space than a pipe one (you can arrange it in the basement of a house). Requires a basement or underground space. The best option for new construction.

We create an internal system of ventilation ducts at home

In both cases, the ventilation ducts inside the house will be located approximately the same. Let's start with them.

The primitive supply and exhaust ventilation system consists of external and internal ventilation ducts connected into one network. Air sockets are located in the upper diagonally opposite corners of the rooms. In one - inflow, in the other - exhaust. In a one-story building, the main air ducts can be located in the attic. In a two-story building, the supply and exhaust air ducts on the ground floor will run in ducts inscribed in interior decoration, second floor - in the attic. The location of the main air ducts should be determined for each house individually, taking into account the layout (location of walls and partitions).

Advice. Premises where it is recommended supply and exhaust ventilation: living room, bedroom, nursery, kitchen, dining room, cabinets, pantry, rest rooms, gym. In bathrooms and toilets - only exhaust. It is not needed at all in corridors, vestibules, halls and loggias.

Rules for calculating the system of internal ventilation ducts:

1. Sewer pipe with a diameter of 250 mm for distributing inlet and combined outlet channels. Estimated consumption - two lengths of the house + height of the upper floor + 20%.
2. Pipe sewer (gray) with a diameter of 150 mm. Estimated consumption - three times the length of the house + 20%. For a two-story house with equal floor area + 50%.
3. Fasteners for the pipe (based on the material of the walls) at the rate of 1 pc. by 70 cm.
4. Insulation (rolled mineral wool) - 1 roll.
5. Foam, sealant, decorative grilles.
6. Elbows, revisions, couplings (1 piece per 70 cm).

Attention! Do not use 90° elbows as this will obstruct the passage of air and create noise. Combine 45° elbows (following the sewer example).

If it is supposed to arrange a pipe heat exchanger in a one-story building, the supply channel will come out of the ground into a heat-insulated box outside the building and enter the attic. In a two-story one, it is better to bring it into the building at the bottom of the first floor and install an internal vertical (distributing) channel, which will then be led into the attic space.

When installing a bunker option in the basement of a building, a vertical distribution channel will exit the bunker immediately into the room. It is also possible to mount it outside.

An example of calculating the consumption of materials for the installation of internal channels at home

Take as an example a one-story house with a calculated ventilated area of ​​​​60 m 2, which will have approximately 100 m 2 of total area and approximate dimensions of 8x12 m:

1. Pipe 250 mm: 2 x 12 + 3 + 20% = 32 m.
2. Pipe 150 mm: 3 x 12 + 20% = 43 m.
3. Fasteners: 32 + 43 / 0.7 = 107 pcs.
4. Elbows, revisions, couplings - take for 1 piece per 3 m: 32 + 43 / 3 = 55/3 = 20 pcs.
5. Grids: 8 pcs. (2 for each room).
6. Switches: 4 pcs.
7. Foam, sealant.

Name	Unit rev.	Qty	Price	Total, rub.
Pipe 250 mm	linear m	32	200	6400
Pipe 150 mm	linear m	43	150	6450
Elbows, revisions, couplings	PCS.	20	40	800
fasteners	PCS.	100	30	3000
Lattices decor	PCS.	4	100	400
Switches 2-cl.	PCS.	4	120	500
insulation	pack.	1	1000	1000
Foam, sealant, other				1000
total material				19550
Work				5000
Total material and work				24550

Tube heat exchanger

In order not to complicate the calculations with mathematical calculations, we will provide the data of the tests already carried out in an average form, or rather their results.

The basic principle that must be observed when creating a system of pipes is that there must be at least one pipe of an underground channel per room. This will facilitate the operation of the fans due to atmospheric pressure. Now it remains to place required amount pipes in the underground part of the site. They can be laid individually or combined into a common channel (250 mm).

In this description, we propose to take into account not maximum load, when all rooms are forcibly ventilated at the same time, and the average, which will be supplied with regular periodic ventilation of different rooms (as happens in real life). This means that there is no need to display a separate channel for each room. It is enough to bring 150 mm air ducts from each room to one common 250 mm duct. The number of common channels is taken from the calculation of one channel per 60 m 2.

We create a recovery field

Scheme of the device of the pipe heat exchanger: 1 - fan; 2 - channel in the trench ∅250 mm; 3 - rows of pipes ∅250 mm; 4 - recovery field.

First you need to choose the location of the pipes (recuperation field). The greater the length of the laid pipes, the more efficient the air cooling will be. It should be noted that after the work, this area can be used for planting, landscape design or playground. Never plant trees on the recovery field:

1. We excavate the soil to a freezing depth of plus 0.4 m.
2. We lay pipes of 250 mm in increments of at least 700 mm along the axis.
3. We bring the air intakes to a height of 1 m. It is desirable that they be in a shaded, but well-ventilated place.
4. With the help of knees and adapters, we combine them into a common channel of 250 mm, which is connected to the ventilation system of the house (see above).

Attention! In the underground part, use special ground sewer pipes with a thick wall. They do not need to be thermally insulated, but simply covered with soil, spilling water. Only concreting is allowed if necessary.

Calculation of the scope of work and material consumption:

1. For the recuperation field we take a plot of 15x6 m with an area of ​​90 m 2.
2. The volume of soil of the pit at a freezing depth of 0.8 m will be: V cat \u003d (0.8 + 0.4) x 60 \u003d 72 m 3.
3. The volume of the trench 40 cm wide (10 m from the house): V tr \u003d 1.2 x 0.4 x 10 \u003d 4.8 m 3.
4. The total volume of earthworks: V total \u003d V cat + V tr \u003d 72 + 4.8 \u003d 77 m 3.
5. Sections of 15 m: N neg \u003d a / 0.7 \u003d 6 / 0.7 \u003d 9 pcs., where a is the field width.
6. Total pipe length: L \u003d N neg x 15 + 10 \u003d 9 x 15 + 10 \u003d 145 linear meters m.
7. We accept consumption of elbows, couplings, adapters 2 pcs. x 15 m = 30 pcs.

Advice. The deeper the heat exchanger is laid, the more efficient its operation will be. More than one tier is allowed.

Name	Unit rev.	Qty	Price	Total, rub.
Pipe sewerage 250 mm soil	linear m	150	250	37500
Elbows, couplings, adapters	PCS.	30	50	15000
Excavation:
excavation	cube m	77	300	23000
backfilling	cube m	70	150	10500
Pipe installation work				3000
total material				52500
Total work				36500
Total work and material				89000
The cost of 1 sq. m	89000 / 60			1500

Bunker heat exchanger

If there are unemployed people in the house basements, they can also be used to build a bunker (air or heat exchange tank) for a stone heat exchanger. Its action is based on the energy intensity of the stone - it gradually gains temperature environment and balances the flow of passing air. In the absence of free space in the basement, the bunker can be arranged on a plot outside the house.

Scheme of the device of the bunker heat exchanger: 1 - fan; 2 - pipe Ø250 mm; 3 - protection; 4 - stone Ø200-450 mm; 5 - brick walls; 6 - cover

At a certain place, a pit is dug, approximately 2x3x3 m in size. From the exit point of the common channel of the ventilation system of the house to the pit of the future reservoir, a trench is made, a 250 mm pipe is laid into it to a depth of 140 cm, through which cooled air will be discharged from the bunker. Along the wall to which the trench approached, a vertical strobe is laid to the bottom under a pipe with a diameter of 250 mm. Then the bottom is laid out with bricks or concreted. The bottom of the air reservoir must be at least 1 meter deeper than the ground freezing level.

Attention! After the device of the bottom of the bunker, a 250 mm outlet pipe should be laid.

The beginning of the outlet pipe protrudes from the wall by 1/3 of the distance to the opposite wall and is lined with brick protection. A protective grid is installed on the inlet.

Filling the tank

It is better to lay out the walls from brick or cast from concrete (without slag!), since these materials conduct temperature better than others. The cinder block is not suitable because of its thermal insulation properties. The walls and bottom must be carefully waterproofed (roofing material) from the outside and plastered from the inside to prevent the penetration of organic matter or moisture. The height of the walls is up to ground level minus 20 cm. An inlet hole is arranged at the top of any wall and air intake pipes are installed. To facilitate the operation of fans, we recommend installing 3 pcs.

After the mortar hardens, the hopper must be filled with a large pebble stone. Size from 200 to 450 mm in diameter. The stone must be clean from organics, washed.

The tank is covered with a “lid” made of solid plank flooring on wooden beams, covered waterproofing materials. Sod is laid on top. Then the outlet pipe is connected to the ventilation system of the house (to the common ventilation duct) and backfilled.

Calculation of the scope of work and consumption of materials:

1. With an air tank size of 2x3 m and a depth of 3 m, the volume of soil (earthworks and stone for filling) will be: V \u003d 2x3x3 \u003d 18 m 3 + V tr \u003d 22.8 m 3.
2. Volume brickwork: V treasure \u003d S walls + S bottom x 0.125 \u003d ((2x3) x 2 + (3x3) x 2 + 2x3) x 0.065 \u003d 36 x 0.065 \u003d 2.34 m 3.
3. The total length of the pipe (10 m from the house): L = (10 + 3) + 10% = 15 m.
4. Number of knees - 6 pcs.

Name	Unit rev.	Qty	Price	Total, rub.
Red solid brick	cube m	2,3	7000	16000
Pipes 250 mm	linear m	15	250	3750
knees	PCS.	6	50	300
A rock	cube m	18	1500	27000
Cement / sand / treasure. net	-	-	-	2000
Lid	-	-	-	1000
Work:
excavation	cube m	22,8	300	7000
tank masonry	cube m	2,3	1000	2300
pipe laying	linear m	15	100	1500
cover device	PCS.	1	1000	1000
total material				50000
Total work				12000
Total material and work				62000
The cost of 1 sq. m	79550 / 60			1000

The cost of stone to fill the tank may vary depending on the region of construction.

As can be seen from the calculations, the final cost of air conditioning 1 m 2 for both options is different. The main factor of choice is the level of groundwater occurrence. If it is high, less than 3 m, then it will not work to build a bunker heat exchanger. The pipe is suitable even with a 1.5 meter UGV.

Installing fans

The system presented here provides for the synchronous operation of two duct fans - supply and exhaust - installed in each air outlet of the room. This makes it possible to quickly deliver cool fresh air into the room and remove heated air. For effective ventilation, the fan power of 100 W each is sufficient. When choosing a fan, pay attention to the noise level during its operation.

Approximate cost of operation

If you ventilate each room three times during the day for 20 minutes, then we get 1 hour of operation of 8 fans of 0.1 kW each. This is less than 1 kWh per day. Per month - 30 kW. At a price of 5 rubles / kW, this will be 150 rubles / month.

The service life of recuperators and ventilation ducts at home is limited by the service life of the material. For underground elements - from 50 years, for internal - unlimited.

The system does not require maintenance (except for fans - once every 5 years).

prospects

The described scheme can become the basis of a more complex air conditioning system. It can gradually include additional elements - filters, heating and cooling coils, more powerful fans, blocks automatic control other. The air mixture prepared underground has a stable temperature not only in summer but also in winter, so it can also be used for heating.

Vitaly Dolbinov, rmnt.ru

This article provides simple and easy-to-do ways to escape the heat on a hot day. Many of the ideas described are very practical, they can be implemented both at home and on the street, even without access to such benefits of civilization as electricity. This is especially true if you are away from home or during a power outage.

Steps

Part 1

Suitable clothing

Wear cooling clothing. For hot weather, linen and cotton clothes are well suited. As a rule, it is better to use loose, rather than tight, close-fitting clothing. Do not tuck in or fasten all buttons.

Cover your skin. Long-sleeved shirts made from cotton, hemp and other natural fabrics will help protect your skin from the scorching sun.

Use a hat. Be sure to wear a wide-brimmed hat - it will protect your face from direct sunlight and create shade around your head.

Both men and women can wear a sarong. You can combine it with shirts, skirts, shorts, shorts and regular trousers. You don't have to bare your legs to cool off. For both women and men in the heat, sarongs made of light fabrics in white, blue, light green, beige and similar colors are best suited.

Take care of your feet too. Consider wearing sandals that match your outfit. Pumps, other comfortable flat shoes, flip flops or sandals are also suitable. You can also go barefoot to keep your feet cool, but beware of hot surfaces such as hot sand. In any case, do not wear closed shoes!

Try to get used to the heat. Try not to rely too much on fans. In this case, you will be less dependent on electrical appliances. This will come in handy in case of a possible power outage.

Part 3

Indoor cooling

Part 4

Outdoor cooling

stay in shadows . Read an interesting book, just sit or take a nap. Try to move less, otherwise you will become even hotter.

Play various water games. There are many fun ways to use water to cool off outdoors, such as:

Spray yourself with water from a spray bottle periodically. This will help you cool down and feel better.

• If you have applied sunscreen on your skin, wait 15-30 minutes before entering the water. Otherwise, it will immediately wash off.
• Alcohol dehydrates, so don't drink too much alcohol. Instead, remember to drink more water.
• If you plan to stay at home, keep your windows covered to keep out the sun and heat.
• If you don't feel comfortable applying ice to your body, wrap it in a cloth.
• Don't eat anything cold, like ice cream, when you're out in the hot sun. Your body will have to work harder to process cold food, so you'll lose more than you gain. Eventually the cooling effect of the ice cream will wear off and the body will remain warm.
• If you are a girl and have a headscarf, soak it in cold water and tie it over your head. This will cool your neck, ears and crown.
• Have something on hand to keep you cool. Don't forget the cash for cold drinks, cooling pads, sunscreen, sunglasses, and other essentials to put in your backpack, beach bag, or handbag.
• Electronic devices such as televisions, computers, game consoles, etc., when turned on, generate heat. Remember to turn them off when not in use.
• Another way to cool down: fill a cup with juice or flavored water, put it in freezer and wait until the liquid turns into an icy mess. Lightly crush the ice with a spoon and eat it.
• Remember to drink plenty of water and soft drinks to prevent dehydration.
• If there is a power outage, try running the fan on batteries.
• Cold drinks raise body temperature. In the heat, it is better to drink liquids at room temperature.

Here are some simple and practical tips to help you cool off in the hot summer weather.

1. Change bedding

Sleep on silk bedding, as this material is breathable and hypoallergenic. However, pure silk is quite expensive. Therefore, you can use a little talcum powder, sprinkled on a cotton sheet. This will help absorb sweat and keep you cool throughout the night.

2. Cool your wrists

Monkeys often lick their wrists to lower their body temperature. The same principle can help you too. You can keep your wrists in cold water for 10 seconds. This lowers the body temperature for at least an hour.

You can also wipe the so-called "hot spots", including the back of the neck, knees and feet with a cool, damp flannel. Flannel can be placed in the freezer before use.

3. Remove metal jewelry

Heavy metal accessories absorb heat, which is then absorbed by the body.

How to save yourself from the heat?

4. Cooling fan

You can make a home air conditioner with a fan and water. Place a container or bottles of chilled water in front of the fan. This speeds up the cooling process in the room.

5. Turn off appliances

Many appliances in the home, including the television, generate a large number of heat. Turn them off when not in use.

6. Sleep on the floor

Warm air rises, so if you're feeling hot in bed, it's best to sleep on a mattress on the floor.

7. Try yoga breathing

Curl your tongue and inhale through your mouth. Exhale through your nose. Repeat several times.

8. Eat Spices

Spicy foods actually have a cooling effect. Hot curry or hot chili increases perspiration, which cools the body as it evaporates.

9. Replace ice cream with yogurt

Instead of ice cream, eat yogurt, which has a higher water content, which will keep you cool.

10. Eat small meals

Overeating leads to an increase in body temperature. End your meal with a piece of fruit with a high water content, such as melon or pineapple.

11. Cucumber mask

Cut the cucumber into circles, lie down and put them on your face.

12. Refreshing spray

Brew Mint tea and chill it in the refrigerator. Fill a spray bottle with it and use as a body spray.

13. Cooling the body

Dip the T-shirt in cool water, wring it out and put it on. As moisture evaporates, you will cool off.

Edema in the heat

Many people suffer from swelling in the heat, which causes severe discomfort. In hot weather, the body has a harder time removing fluid from tissues, including the skin, which can cause swelling in the feet, hands, and ankles.

14. Less salt

Reduce the amount of salt in your diet, avoid salty foods such as chips, salted nuts, sausages.

15. More water

Drink more water. It may defy logic, but water helps the kidneys to excrete fluid better.

16. Nettle decoction

Nettle, rich in potassium, calcium and magnesium, fights swelling and poor circulation by ridding your body of excess fluid. Try soup or nettle tea.

17. Vitamins

Vitamin B6, B5, calcium and vitamin D help to get rid of excess fluid.

18. Physical activity

Move more as a sedentary lifestyle contributes to poor circulation.

26 28 415 0

We are all looking forward to hot summer days, but when the thermometers show more than 35 degrees, you already dream of coolness. Undoubtedly, the best option will purchase an air conditioner. But what if there is no way to do this, and it’s hard to breathe in the house from the heat? Do not despair, there are many different ways to cool the room without the help of an air conditioning system.

It would seem that this is simple, but ventilation must also be done wisely.

To open windows, doors, in order to “let in” fresh air into the apartment, you need from 4 to 7 in the morning. If it’s hard to call you a “lark”, then leave your windows open all night.

It would be nice to ventilate wardrobes, dressers with clothes at this time, opening them, then in the morning you can put on cool clothes.

Hiding the house from the sun

But when the sun is already hosting in the sky, then you need to carefully close not only windows and doors, but also curtains (especially if the windows face south). White thick linen curtains perfectly reflect the sunlight.

Air humidification

High temperatures quickly destroy moisture, and it becomes more difficult to breathe into the room.

1. Therefore, you need to either purchase special moisturizing sprays in the store, or make them yourself: pour plain water into a spray bottle, moistening the air with it every hour.
2. You can also wet the curtains, which, when dried, will give up their moisture.
3. In addition, it is worth placing vessels with water in each room, adding refreshing aromatic oils to them: lavender, mint or citrus.

But you don’t need to overdo it with moisturizing, so that later you don’t.

Fridge

It is definitely a source of cold. In it, you can not only cool many bottles of water, freeze ice, but also take care of your dreams. How? You can cool bed linen in it. In the morning, carefully fold into a bag and put in the refrigerator. Make the bed in the evening, but go to bed in it only after 20-30 minutes. After all, if you immediately lie down on such a “frozen” sheet, you can catch a cold.

And to breathe easier at night, you need to put cold water bottles on a chair at the head of the bed.

Many are surprised, but the foil perfectly copes with the heat in the apartment. You can stick it on window glass, as well as walls. This will be especially necessary in those rooms whose windows face south or southwest. The material reflects heat very well. This method of cooling is very effective, the interior elements do not heat up, which means that the air does not heat up.

Window tinting will help keep out the sun. Through the darkened film, you can see everything that happens on the street (although not in the usual colors), but the bright light will not enter the room.

When choosing a tinted film, you should stop at green or blue.

If you don't want to buy foil or cover windows with blackout film, then you should install blinds.

When the blinds are closed, they block out 90% of the sun's rays.

With the help of them, you will not only be able to cool the apartment, but make the interior more fashionable and modern.

But, like curtains, they need to be carefully taken care of.

Good results in hot weather are obtained by frequent wet cleaning. By wiping furniture, window sills, doors and especially the floor with a damp cloth, you can easily lower the air temperature in the room by several degrees.

Also, the fight against dust, and the increase in humidity will make it easier to breathe.

wet sheet

A wet sheet can be hung on a door or window. The main thing to remember is that the larger the sheet, the faster the heat transfer occurs. Some take cover with a wet sheet at night.

It is preferable to use fans with automatic change of air flow direction. After all, there is a high probability of catching a cold. For cooling, you can use both desktop and floor or ceiling fans.

Cold water

If you open the door to the bathroom, where water flows in the shower or a bathtub filled with cold water, it will become cooler in the whole apartment.

Plain ice will help to make the temperature in the room cooler. It should be thrown into any wide container. Soon the ice will begin to melt, giving off cold, will cool the air.