Technology for the manufacture of okuchnik for potatoes. Okuchnik: making and setting it yourself - for manual traction and walk-behind tractor What to make discs for okuchnik

Hilling and digging a land plot is quite hard work, which takes a lot of strength and health.

Many summer residents and owners of land plots use such a convenient device as a walk-behind tractor on the farm. They can easily dig up the entire site in a matter of hours. And if you attach various devices to it, for example, a hiller, a lawn mower, potato planters and much more, then the work will be much easier.

In this article, we will consider how to make such a convenient tool as a disk hiller for a walk-behind tractor. First of all, you need to find out what models of this tool are, and only then find out how you can make it yourself. There are 4 varieties of this device.

Hiller models

Lister type hiller

The design of this device is considered the most simple. It has a fixed working width.

It consists of two attached, branched and fixed wings. Due to the fact that the wings are fixed, it is impossible to set the size of the working width by adjusting the device to the row spacing. It is for this reason that when working with this hiller, you have to adjust the aisles themselves to the size of the hiller, and not vice versa.

Basically, all manufacturers produce models with a working width of 25-30 cm. This is not very convenient, because the technology for growing and planting potatoes has a width between rows of 60 cm.

This design has special racks with a thin design that prevent overloading the walk-behind tractor while loosening the hiller of deep layers of hard soils.

There are devices, the design of which has a streamlined look. This is most convenient because such models can be adjusted to any row spacing.

Variable working width

This device is considered the most convenient, since it has an adjustment mechanism that provides a quick change in the position of the wings. Thanks to this property, it can be easily adjusted to any size beds.

However, they have one very unpleasant drawback - they are very difficult to work with. This is due to the fact that when loosening the wings of the device push the earth in different directions, a small amount of which spills out again into the furrow.

As a result, the arms and back begin to get tired, and the main part of the engine power is wasted. But still, despite these shortcomings, these models are popular and in great demand among many landowners.

Disc variety

This type of tool has the following advantages:

• goes well with the motoblock. If the disk hiller is used at a reduced speed of the walk-behind tractor, then the power of the tool becomes even greater. Due to this, the efficiency of digging up the soil increases, and also has a beneficial effect on the working process of the tool;

• convenient use. During loosening or digging with this device, you do not need to exert a lot of force. He moves forward on his own and there is no need to put additional emphasis on the back;

• universal purpose. This tool can be used to loosen the soil, as before planting potatoes (How to make manual hiller for potatoes, read this), and after planting during active cultivation for additional loosening.

If you choose from the proposed models in stores, then it is best to choose hillers made of alloyed metal, the design of which has rolling bearings, a large diameter and thickness of disk elements.

Propeller hillers

The whole principle of operation consists in the operation of the propeller elements. Under their influence, the earth is first dug up and the weeds are cleaned out, and only then the single-row beds themselves are loosened.

These models are mainly used for front-wheel drive motor cultivators (Read about the varieties of cultivators) and motor blocks with two gears. This is because in second gears the power level rises to 180 rpm.

When the power level reaches its maximum, this tool can be used not only for hilling the soil, but also for throwing the earth from bed to bed.

Disc type device

The disk-type hiller device consists of a frame on two wheels and two suspended disk elements. If we consider in more detail all the constituent elements, we can distinguish the following:

• T-type leash;

• screw tarlepa - 2 pieces. Due to these elements, the angle of rotation of the disk elements is adjusted vertically;

• racks - 2 pieces;

• disks - 2 pieces.

Adjustment of racks provides convenient change of distance between edges of disk adaptations. For this reason, you can choose the size of the width that you need - from 35 cm to 70 cm.

If you need to set the disk elements to the same size of the angles of rotation, then you need to adjust the tarlips. Without this, the hiller will pull constantly to the side. But the level of inclination of the disk elements is not adjustable and basically always keeps at the same level.

How does he work?

The device is attached to the walk-behind tractor on the clutch bracket without a rower. This is done by a locking element with two bolts and flat washers. The most convenient workflow with it is carried out in the first low gears.

The principle of operation of these hillers is as follows: during movement, the disk elements rake in the soil and make a roller when hilling, sprinkling plants with earth.

The rotational movements of the disk elements provide soil crushing and loosen it additionally.

Good to know: if used double row hiller for hilling potatoes, it is necessary to install two devices on the clutch at a distance that will be equal to the row spacing.

In addition, this tool has the following advantages:

• due to it, high and even row-spacing ridges are obtained;

• ease and convenience at work;

• small energy consumption.

However, not everything is so good, there are negative sides. These devices, compared with other types, are 3, and sometimes even 4 times more expensive. Of course, a number of factors affect the cost:

• the size of the diameter and thickness of the disk elements;

• the material from which the tool is made - steel of a simple or alloy type;

• adjustment devices.

When buying, you must consider all the nuances. If it seems that this device is too expensive, then you can make it yourself. Moreover, the production is not quite so complicated.

Drawing

Before you start making your own disk hiller, you need to familiarize yourself with the drawings of this tool.

Thanks to them, you can make this tool with the greatest accuracy the first time, and it will last a long time.

Manufacturing methods

Hillers can be made in two ways:

1. With fixed working width.
2. With adjustable or variable working width.

Consider these manufacturing methods in more detail.

What can be used from improvised materials

For a lister device, a sheet of steel with a thickness dimension of 3 mm is required. But for a disk device, you need a little more:

• covers from simple pans with parameters 50-60 cm - 2 pieces;

• tarleps - 2 pieces;

• racks - 2 pieces;

• one leash in the shape of the letter T.

Self-manufacturing

Lister Hiller

In order to make this device, you need to cut two equal parts from a steel sheet with a thickness of 2 mm. Then you need to bend them so that their radii match.

Then their seams are welded and processed to end up with a perfectly flat surface. IN In the future, these tools can be used for single-row tillage. You can make two such devices, which can later be used for two-row processing of potatoes.

Disc hiller

Manufacturing steps:

1. Old covers need to be sharpened around the edges.
2. Next, using a hammer, we bend the disk elements: one side should be convex, the other concave. This is done so that the device calmly rakes the ground and sprinkles the plants with it.
3. Tarleps, racks and a leash in the shape of the letter T must be fastened together with special fixing bolts and welded.
4. Disc wheels are connected by adapters.
5. The disc elements must be installed so that the space between them is the same as the distance between the rows.
6. Due to the tarlep, the angle of rotation of the disk elements is regulated vertically.
7. As a result, the entire device is fastened through a leash to the walk-behind tractor bracket using bolts with flat washers and a locking element.

So, the disk hiller is assembled. It turns out that you can easily assemble it yourself with the help of improvised materials. This can save you a significant amount of money.

A disc hiller for a walk-behind tractor is a convenient and necessary thing in agriculture for hilling, loosening, planting potatoes and other agricultural plants.

It will provide convenient and comfortable work when digging up large land areas. It can be easily made by yourself. The main thing during manufacturing is to follow the entire sequence of actions. As a result, you get a convenient tool that will serve you for a long time.

From this video you can learn about hilling discs and how to set them up:

13329 10/08/2019 6 min.

The presence walk-behind tractor in the personal economy you will not surprise anyone. This is very valuable unit allows cultivation and plowing of land plots of various lengths.

However, if you use additional attachments, you can significantly expand the potential front of your walk-behind tractor.

It is not surprising that having spent a certain amount of money on the purchase of a walk-behind tractor, many want to make optional equipment personally, wishing thus to save on their purchase.

Of course, no one talks about making an exact copy of the equipment that is sold in specialized stores, but the principle of operation and common features designs will be the same.

Most people in our country use their own gardens to plant potatoes, which are just as popular in our country as in Belarus. Therefore, the requirements for the walk-behind tractor must be appropriate - it must plow the land for planting, as well as helping to plant and care for potato bushes.

Courtship means hilling, in connection with which potato hillers have become very popular, and we will talk about the methods of making them.

About the hiller device

The design features of the hiller directly depend on the type of device, of which there are several.

• Disc hiller. Already from the name itself it is clear that the design of this hiller uses disks, more precisely two disks located at a certain angle to each other. In addition, these discs are attached to a special frame, which is directly aggregated with a walk-behind tractor through a hitch.

For more information about the disk hiller, see the video:

• Active hiller. This type of hiller is also called propeller, because it uses translational and rotational motion. Similar hillers are installed on walk-behind tractors that have two forward gears.
• This is necessary so that in second gear it is possible not only to loosen the surface, but also to transfer the earth from the inter-row spaces.

• This is the simplest type of hiller, which is gradually losing its popularity due to its lower efficiency compared to the previous two types of devices. Structurally, they are two sheets interconnected, in shape they look like something like wings.

With the help of these tools, furrows can be formed, after which the potato planting itself can be carried out. In the future, when the bushes are formed to the optimal size, hilling can be done with the same tools.

Thus, the rows are very even and neat, which not only improves visual perception, but also helps the potato tubers to form better and ripen faster in the bush.

Okuchnik - a device for processing the soil. It is used in the household and on an industrial scale. Can be made for personal use disk hillers with your own hands.

Disc hiller: what is it?

The design of the inventory is simple. It looks like a metal frame to which wheels are attached and disks are suspended. Let's try to make a disk hiller with our own hands. We will also draw up design drawings ourselves. To assemble the equipment you will need the following:

• lanyards (screw) - help to adjust the angle of rotation of the disks;
• t-shaped leash;
• disks of a certain diameter;
• racks (2 pcs.).

Adjustable posts change the distance between the edges of the discs. The minimum width is 35 cm, the maximum width is 70 cm.

The discs must be set to the same angle of rotation. You can do this with lanyards. The inclination of the discs is not adjustable. This indicator does not change after the assembly of the structure.

If the inventory will be used for a walk-behind tractor, it is necessary to provide for the diameter of the wheels of the equipment. It should be 70 cm, width - 10-15 cm. Thus, the wheels will not be able to damage the aisles and planted crops.

Inventory can also be used manually. The main structural elements are similar to those described above. At the same time, the holder for the hiller is a metal pipe with a diameter of 2-5 cm. This parameter directly depends on the size of the future structure. All elements of the equipment are welded to it.

Making inventory on our own

To build a disk hiller with your own hands, almost no financial investments are required. It can be made from improvised means.

Surely every person in the pantry has old pots that he does not use. We need covers from them. They should have a diameter of 40-60 cm. They must be sharpened along the edges, for example, using a lathe.

Then the covers must be bent in such a way that there is a convex plane on one side and a concave plane on the other. This is necessary so that when you make a disk hiller with your own hands, it would raise the ground and sprinkle the bushes. In addition to pots, you can also use old disks from a seeder.

In addition, you will need:

• t-shaped leash;
• lanyards (2 pcs.);
• racks (2 pcs.).

All structural elements are bolted together. To increase strength, they can be welded to each other. The discs are connected by adjustable conductors. They are installed symmetrically on both sides. The distance between them should correspond to the row spacing.

The resulting structure is attached to the walk-behind tractor bracket by means of a leash, bolts and washers. It is necessary to check the quality of the connections so that after you make disk hillers with your own hands, they do not deform during operation.

The principle of operation of the equipment

The described equipment is intended for hilling potatoes and other vegetable crops. And despite the fact that it can be purchased in specialized stores, it is more economical to make disk hillers with your own hands. It is attached to the walk-behind tractor with bolts, washers and a stopper. During the operation of the walk-behind tractor, the disks begin to rotate. At this time, they capture part of the soil and create a roller. The rotation of the disks allows you to crush the earth and loosen it.

Everyone can make a manual disk hiller with their own hands. It helps to quickly and efficiently cultivate the soil before sowing and after harvesting. Also, with its help, row-spacings are processed and potatoes are spudded. As we have already said, this device is installed on a cultivator or walk-behind tractor.

Disc Hiller Parameters

This equipment has been widely used in Agriculture. With its help, the ridges are smooth and high. Accordingly, the time spent on processing row spacings is reduced, and it is quite simple to work with the device.

There are certain parameters that the manufactured disk hillers must comply with. You also need to do them with your own hands, remembering the following:

• about the thickness of the disks;
• their diameter;
• material for manufacturing;
• equipment control mechanism.

Focusing on the drawing proposed in the article, you can make inventory yourself and save a lot of money.

Inventory specifications

The advantages of this equipment:

• ease of operation - the device is mounted on a walk-behind tractor or a metal handbrake;
• strength - the structure is securely fastened with bolts and washers;
• durability - the service life of the equipment is more than 10 years (with proper care);
• versatility - inventory can be used for hilling any vegetable crops.

In the garden, you can not do without such a device. It can be purchased ready-made or made independently. Okuchniki, which are sold in specialized stores, are endowed with excellent technical specifications. They have one drawback - high cost. Homemade products can be built from improvised materials. This will save you a lot of money.

Each owner of a plot of land strives to simplify its processing as much as possible, and at the same time not to spend too much on mechanization. Therefore, walk-behind tractors in most cases are purchased without attachments.

The logic is simple - it will come out cheaper, and if something is needed in the future, you can either buy it or make it yourself. In this article, we will figure out how to make one of such very necessary devices for a walk-behind tractor with our own hands - a hiller.

You can buy almost anything these days. Including - and a factory-made hiller. And the prices for this device are not so high. A regular (lister) model will cost about 1,100 rubles (capture - 42 cm), a disk model - about 2,800.

Still, a do-it-yourself device is preferable. Why? The author believes that several arguments will dispel the reader's last doubts as to whether it is worthwhile to self-assemble the hiller.

• Cheap products don't last. As a rule, their iron is not too thick, and after a short operation you have to think about eliminating the defects that have appeared. Checked. Yes, and often leaves much to be desired.
• The simplest hillers have a fixed working width. Sliding models in this regard are more convenient (although more expensive), but they will not satisfy all the needs of the owner. The reason is that segments with different crops have to be processed on the site, and each has its own planting characteristics. Including, and according to the parameters of the row spacing.
• Everything that is made with your own hands is much easier to remake, modernize, repair than a model made in production.

Types of hillers

All such devices are divided into 3 main groups. It makes no sense to consider (and design) propeller-type models. Firstly, not everyone can make them with their own hands. Secondly (and most importantly), such hillers are suitable for working together only with expensive walk-behind tractors that have 2 forward gears. For landscaping or adjoining territories such units are extremely rare.

Okuchnik listerny

The simplest option is the unregulated model. The figure shows its shape and the recommended thickness of the metal.

Despite the fact that this hiller will not be able to make a “clean” penetration between the rows at a time (the earth will partially crumble into a furrow), it is these devices that are most in demand among private traders.

Manufacturing features

As already noted, it is necessary to select sheet metal with a thickness within 2.5 mm. Less - there is a risk of deformation during operation. If you take a thicker iron, then the hiller will turn out to be quite heavy. And it’s difficult to work with him, and the walk-behind tractor (depending on power) may not “pull”.

A metal sample is marked for manufacturing structural elements hiller. When assembling it with your own hands, the following parameters are recommended for the "halves":

The resulting parts are fastened by welding, and the seam is processed.

Making a rack is also not difficult. To attach such a hiller, a pipe segment of 12 is enough.

If you have to process segments of the plot with different distances between the rows, a good owner mounts 2 - 3 fixtures with different working widths. The scheme is the same, so assembling several hillers with your own hands is not a problem.

The adjustable model is universal. By spreading (shifting) the wings, you can use such a hiller to process areas with different row spacing parameters. The difficulty of operation is that such devices are attached only to walk-behind tractors, the power of which is at least 4 "horses". It will not work with weaker models.

Okuchnik disk

This option is considered more successful. It is generally accepted that the hiller is needed only for processing plots with planted potatoes. This is not entirely true. The disc mechanism is great for hilling a number of other plantings, so when used in a small area where they land different cultures, it is advisable to make just such a hiller with your own hands.

• It is much easier to work with such devices, and the load on the walk-behind tractor is significantly reduced. Disc models can be used with smaller power units, which are most common in the private sector.
• The ability to adjust the distance between the working elements allows you to process areas with any plantings.

Manufacturing features

For disks, iron within 2 mm can be used. The main condition is their absolute symmetry. So that they do not fall into the ground during the operation of the hiller, it is necessary to process the edges. With your own hands, this is done quite simply. Either wire is welded around the circumference of the disks, or the edges are slightly bent. As an option, use plowshares from a used seeder or something similar. Some even use lids from large pots (these are found at catering facilities).

The diagrams are quite detailed, so any additional explanation is hardly required.

The final “finishing” of the hiller is carried out after its practical use. Only then will it become clear, for example, at what angle the disks should be set, as well as a number of other nuances.

The reader himself can change something in the presented drawings, modify individual elements. But the author assembled these designs with his own hands, tested them himself, and they showed pretty good performance. For a small plot of land, such hillers are quite enough.

Successes in production!

Motoblocks have long been popular among representatives of the agricultural sector. The versatility, compactness and high level of performance of such equipment are increasing every year, because special hinges contribute to this.

On the this moment There are many types of attachments on the market, but one of the most popular is the hiller.

Why do you need a hiller for a walk-behind tractor?

The specified element is used for planting vegetables and caring for them. It works quite simply: after installing the add-on and starting the walk-behind tractor, the part tows the car along the cultivated area with planted seeds, thereby sprinkling the future vegetation with the necessary layer of moist and slightly loose soil. Such an operation is of considerable importance, because it allows you to protect the seeds from negative atmospheric influences, increase the level of oxygen saturation, and stimulate growth.

Experts note that hilling with a walk-behind tractor also helps to rid the earth of excess moisture in order to avoid decay. After processing, the sun's rays penetrate the soil much better, and some harmful insects end up on the surface, where they are "cleaned" by birds. Some weeds are also destroyed, so elementary processing can be safely considered a partial replacement for the use of herbicides. It is important to note that hillers are most often used to process potato plantings.

Which hiller is better for a walk-behind tractor?

Modern manufacturers of agricultural machinery are trying to meet the ever-increasing demands of users, so each brand produces specialized hillers that are fully adapted to the specifics of a walk-behind tractor of a particular manufacturer. For example, for Neva, MB 2, MB 1 and Agro units, you can purchase the following types of additional assistants:

Hillers for potatoes to a walk-behind tractor with a clearly marked working width

Such an object is considered one of the simplest and has another name - lister. It is used for processing row-spacings of a narrow plan, the width of which does not exceed 30 cm. As for the design features, the hitch consists of several wings fixed relative to each other. This option is suitable for low power walk-behind tractors (about 3.5 hp). A thin rack contributes to the appearance of additional protection of the device from overloads. The negative aspects of such a development include the impossibility of working with wet ground, since the soil simply sticks to the wings, preventing the equipment from performing its task;

Okuchnik with variable working width

The main advantage of this type of tool is the ability to adjust the processing width. With its help, it will be possible to process rows of completely different sizes. Suitable for more powerful machines, because it consumes more energy. Often, such devices have the form of two-row hillers, which make it possible to perform the necessary operations with even greater efficiency. For adequate operation, it is necessary to put the lugs of the walk-behind tractor on extension cords;

Disc hiller

It is considered the most convenient, since it can be used to qualitatively prepare furrows for planting seeds. A feature of the part is the placement of disk-dumps at a certain angle. The productivity of use is much higher than that of the previously considered models;

The specificity of the development of such a plan is the rotation of the wings in several planes. It seems that the lower edge of the wings follows the contour of the crest. This approach allows you to make care more productively with minimal energy costs. Affordability is also a significant plus;

Propeller hiller active plan (rotary)

The technical device allows you to qualitatively perform the hilling procedure, toss the earth precisely to the roots of plants. Important point: you can work with such a device in the second forward gear of the walk-behind tractor, which not every machine can boast of. The increased gear will allow the hiller to rotate at a speed of 160-180 turns per minute, due to which the soil is “transferred” from the row spacing to the rows themselves.

Because in Lately agronomists are increasingly using a two-row hiller, you should consider the specifics of installing a hitch of exactly the specified plan. Often, fixation occurs through the operation of special hitches SV-2 and SV-1/1. A prerequisite for competent installation is the presence of lugs, the diameter of which should not be lower than 600 mm. Otherwise, it will not be possible to avoid squeezing the potato tops by the reducer.

It is important to correctly direct the hiller, because it will be possible to obtain the desired result only if it is oriented parallel to the soil surface. This can be done simply by just adjusting a few bolts on the bracket. In the process, special attention should be paid to the selection of the furrow width and the depth of immersion in the ground, because after processing the ridges should be at the same level. This depth is regulated by several methods:

• The master must be guided by the height of the mounting holes;
• The presence of screw adjustment (for adjustable objects) will allow, while turning the handle, to change the angle between the frame of the nozzle and the unit itself.

To adjust the width of the furrows, you should use the frame fastening brackets (shift or push them apart). You can also follow the instructions in the following videos:

We create a do-it-yourself hiller for a walk-behind tractor

It is quite logical that the owners of walk-behind tractors want to expand the range of tasks performed by the machine with the help of a hiller. It’s just that some don’t express much desire to spend money on this, trying to create homemade devices. Oddly enough, but they do it very well!


It is worth noting that one cannot do without elementary plumbing equipment.

For further manipulations, you need:

• Apparatus for welding (arc);
• Electric sharpener;
• Gas-burner;
• Vise;
• Bulgarian. It is desirable that the device be of medium power and have peeling and cutting discs in the set;
• Drill and drills;
• Files;
• Locksmith workbench.

Hiller with fixed and adjustable angle (lister)

We have already commemorated this type earlier, and now we will consider the drawings that allow us to assemble the indicated part on our own.

The fixed type belongs to the class of the most easily created hillers. The base is obtained using a steel sheet, the thickness of which is not less than 3 mm. For its formation, only high-quality materials should be used, because this node has to be the first to meet the resistance of the soil.


To create a bracket, a four-millimeter steel strip should be used. It is important to harden the part after the forming process. A spring leaf can be used as a field board. But for starters, the metal should be “released” and hardened. For the rack, it is important to choose strips with a thickness of at least 8 mm.


Welding is carried out in several passes, on each side of the joint. You can create wings from thinner sheets (2 mm). Special attention must be paid to dimensionality otherwise the docking of the base with the wings may fail.


Almost any template can be used to bend the wings, even a steel pipe of a suitable diameter.