home Interior items

Proper insulation of the ceiling of a private house. Insulation of the ceiling in a house with a cold roof: options and materials for thermal insulation. Ceiling insulation in the attic using foam

Compared to city apartments in high-rise buildings, private houses have a large area of contact with the external environment, so the issue of high-quality thermal insulation is much more relevant here. About 35% of the heat escapes into the ambient air through an uninsulated ceiling if the roof and attic space are not insulated with a thermal barrier. Losing so much thermal energy for nothing is an unaffordable luxury, so we will consider the best options for thermal insulation of ceilings.

Insulation from the inside or from the side of the attic - which is preferable?

Modern building technologies provide for the installation of heat-insulating layers simultaneously with the construction of the building. In this case, the most convenient and efficient insulation installation schemes are selected at the design stage, taking into account the type of ceiling, the total load on building structures, and the need for heat saving in a given climatic zone. This happens ideally if it is built new house in compliance with building requirements and regulations.

If private building was built a long time ago, or recently, but on its own, it is quite possible that there may not be high-quality thermal insulation, including ceiling ceilings, in the house. In such a situation, homeowners have to solve the problem of insulation on their own, choosing methods that meet the needs for saving heat, the features of the building in general and the type of floors in particular. The first question that arises on the way to solving the indicated problem is the side of the ceilings, from which it is more convenient and expedient to arrange a thermal insulation barrier.

It is possible to insulate the floors on each side, and in any case it will be correct. But when choosing a method of insulation, you need to take into account some nuances. The first of these is the height of the ceilings. If the ceilings are low, and there is no desire to hide the usable space further, insulation from the attic clearly suggests itself, because the insulation layer (at least 5-6 cm) plus the finish (2-3 cm) will make the ceilings even lower. Another situation - the rooms have already been finished, the interior is decorated, and it suits the household quite well. Warming the ceiling from the inside will lead to the need to make repairs again, which is inappropriate in every respect. Here, it is also preferable to lay a heat-insulating barrier on top of the floors.

Insulating ceilings from the inside makes sense only in a situation where the house is overhaul. In this case, it is envisaged to implement one of the methods of internal thermal insulation of ceilings, which is carried out during the repair and finishing works. Although recently, homeowners increasingly prefer to insulate the ceiling from the attic. So much more convenient, less expensive and, moreover, easy. And this is a strong factor if you plan to install a heat-insulating barrier with your own hands.

There is an option to insulate the floors on both sides. So do those who want to turn housing into an impregnable fortress for the winter cold and summer heat, so that they can constantly save on energy bills.

Looking for the right material - polymers or fibers?

Now there is a sufficient choice that can be applied for our purposes. Along with the use of modern thermal insulation materials, traditional heaters are often used, which have been used for this for more than one century. These include wood chips and sawdust, as well as materials based on them (sawdust concrete, a mixture of woodworking waste with clay). Some cover the floor of the attic with a layer of dry leaves or paws. coniferous trees. Such methods of floor insulation were used by our ancestors, but nothing prevents us from using such completely natural and often free materials in our time. Although modern technologies and materials are preferred by consumers, so we will briefly consider their variety and main characteristics.

By classifying the materials applicable for the insulation of ceilings, they can be divided into several groups:

polymer heat insulators;
fibrous insulation;
sprayed materials;
bulk substances.

Polymers include the well-known polystyrene and extruded polystyrene, which is rapidly gaining popularity, known to many under the commercial name "foam". Polyfoam is used very widely for thermal insulation purposes in construction. The popularity of the material is provided by two factors - a very affordable cost and good thermal insulation properties. A high-quality material with a density of at least 35 kg / m 3 also has sufficient hydrophobicity so that there is no need to install hydro- and vapor barriers when installing an insulating layer. Everything would be fine, but there are, the main of which is flammability, accompanied by extreme toxicity. The smoke emitted during the combustion of this polymer is capable of sending anyone who inhales it 2-3 times to the forefathers. For this reason, in many developed countries, this insulation is prohibited for thermal insulation work in residential buildings.

Penoplex is devoid of many of the shortcomings of foam. It belongs to the class of materials that do not support combustion or self-extinguishing, so its use in residential construction is not limited. In addition, polystyrene is absolutely not susceptible to moisture, is not susceptible to damage by bacterial and fungal microflora. The strength of foam is one of the highest when compared with other heat insulators, so polystyrene is often used where strength characteristics play an important role (under the screed, thermal insulation of building basements, basements). In terms of thermal insulation properties, polystyrene is approximately the same as polystyrene - to create a reliable thermal barrier, a layer of insulation of 5-10 cm is enough (depending on the geography of the region).

Fibrous materials for thermal insulation works in construction include varieties of mineral wool. The material differs in the nature of the raw material, which is used for the manufacture of the material. All types of mineral wool are produced by melting minerals and forming fibers held together with organic adhesives. If the fibers are formed from molten glass, the result is glass wool. Slag wool is made in the same way from blast-furnace slag and other mineral waste from metallurgical production. Basalt wool, which is considered the highest quality material from this category, is formed by thermal action on some types of rocks.

All fibrous heaters are made in various densities. The tallest specific gravity have mats used mainly for facade thermal insulation for plastering. Such a heat insulator is strong and rigid, therefore it forms a solid surface for finishing work on it. Mineral wool of medium density is also produced in the form of mats, but the material is looser and does not have high strength. Mineral wool with the lowest specific gravity goes on sale rolled into rolls. To insulate the ceiling in the house, you can use mineral wool of medium and low density, and the first will be more appropriate for thermal insulation from the side of the attic with a cold roof, the second - for the installation of a thermal barrier from the inside.

Sprayable and bulk options - there is plenty to choose from

The last word in the technology of thermal insulation of building surfaces is sprayed heat insulators. These include polyurethane foam and ecowool. The first material is a polymer, the second is made from natural raw materials (cellulose). Both heat insulators are applied to the surfaces to be insulated by spraying, although in some cases ecowool is poured into the existing gaps in a dry form, followed by tamping.

Polyurethane foam by its chemical nature, method of application and structure of the finished thermal insulation is very close to conventional mounting foam. For the preparation of a foam material with excellent adhesive properties, two components are used, which are dismounted and then applied using special equipment. The advantage of sprayed insulation is its seamlessness, which prevents the formation of cold bridges. Polyurethane foam in the polymerized (hardened) state is not combustible and has 1.3 times better thermal insulation characteristics than polystyrene. The disadvantage of a heat insulator is the gradual destruction under the influence of ultraviolet radiation (needs to be protected) and the impossibility of working with it with your own hands (the equipment is expensive and it is not advisable to purchase it for one-time use).

The most used loose heat insulator is expanded clay - porous granules of various fractions. The raw material for the production of expanded clay is ordinary clay, so this insulation is environmentally friendly and natural. This insulation does not burn, has moderate hygroscopicity and good thermal insulation properties. The ability to resist heat loss depends on the size of the granules - the smaller the fraction, the higher the thermal conductivity.

For insulation of the attic floor, it is advisable to use expanded clay with a fraction of 5-10 mm.

Thermal insulation of the ceiling from the side of living rooms

There are two ways to insulate floors from the inside. The first one involves the installation of heat-insulating plates or mats directly on the floor surface using glue and additional fixation with special dowels. This method is best used if a reinforced concrete slab is used as the floor. The second technology provides for the installation of a crate for subsequent sheathing with sheets of drywall, plastic panels or lining. In this case, the insulation is laid between the supporting elements of the frame. This method is feasible for any type of ceiling. Both methods give a good thermal insulation effect, although the thickness of the layer is often limited, due to the desire to save a maximum of usable space.

To implement the technology of direct installation of insulation on plates, extruded polystyrene is more often used, although mineral wool mats with a high specific gravity can also be used. Polystyrene is preferred for several reasons:

the material is lighter, more convenient to work with during its installation;
the thermal conductivity of polystyrene of the same thickness is about one and a half times lower than the same indicator of high-density mineral wool;
to form finishing layers on the surface of mineral wool, you need to have the skills of such an activity, while plastering on polystyrene is no more difficult than on drywall.

In general, the installation of these heaters differs little. The only difference is in the polymer-cement mixtures used for gluing heat-insulating sheets. The sequence of actions with this method of insulation is as follows:

we process the floor slab with a priming mixture;
we prepare polymer cement glue (according to the instructions on the package);
we apply the adhesive mixture on the insulation sheet (along the perimeter and in the center), after which we press the polystyrene plate to the concrete surface and set it in a horizontal plane;
after the glue has set (about a day later), we additionally fix the insulation sheets with "umbrellas" - special dowels with a wide round cap.

It remains to plaster the insulation using a reinforcing mesh and apply finishing finishing layers. If the second method is used, which involves laying insulation in the gaps between the slats or profiles, we take medium or low density mineral wool as a heat-insulating material. Thermal insulation is placed between the elements of the frame and slightly fixed with bent planks of direct hangers, with which the profiles are attached to the ceiling, after which the crate is closed with sheathing.

Thermal barrier device on the attic floor - available methods

For the installation of a thermal barrier on the side of the attic, all of the materials mentioned above are applicable. If you need to hire specialized teams for insulation with ecowool or polyurethane foam, it will not be difficult for any home craftsman to form heat-insulating layers with expanded clay, mineral wool or polymer sheet insulation.

If the overlap is made with a reinforced concrete slab, it is more advisable to use expanded clay, filling it with a layer of up to 15 cm, or lay penoplex, filling the seams between the sheets polymer insulation mounting foam. When it is better to use mineral wool, since it is similar to wood in terms of its ability to pass water vapor. Fibrous insulation is laid in the gaps between the supporting wooden beams, after which a vapor barrier is arranged from the appropriate film. Then counter-rails are sewn along the beams, which will be the basis for laying the attic floor boards.

If there is free access to lumber waste, you can reduce the cost of the event as much as possible by filling the spaces between the beams with a mixture of small chips and sawdust. This method of thermal insulation will be the most environmentally friendly and natural for floors made of wood materials.

In winter, the heat loss of the ceiling structure is about 15%. Since the house is warm and it is cold outside, condensation forms in the room, creating a favorable atmosphere for the growth of bacteria and fungus. Therefore, it is necessary to think about the effective insulation of the ceiling in the interior of the house.

Peculiarities

main feature insulation of the ceiling from the inside consists in the impossibility of organizing a condenser drain. The situation could be corrected by drainage walls. However, their cost is far from affordable for everyone. Depending on the time of year, the ceiling can quickly heat up and cool down. For this reason, the main ceiling insulation technology is focused on ensuring that condensation does not form in the finished structure.

To create a warm and cozy atmosphere in the house, it is recommended to use mineral wool in the form of a roll or slabs.

In the people, such a heater is called glass wool. If this material is used in conjunction with a false ceiling, drywall will create an insurmountable barrier to the outgoing heat.

The installation of mineral wool should be divided into several stages:

Assembly and installation of a frame on a metal or wooden base. For this process, it is worth using an electric drill and dowels.
Filling the free space between the parts with mineral wool. As a fastener, a special glue for tiles is used. It instantly hardens and creates a reliable fastening of the material. Do not forget about the additional installation of vapor barrier.
At the final stage of work, drywall is installed on the ceiling. It is recommended to use self-tapping screws made of hardened steel as fasteners (they have high strength and are able to withstand maximum loads).

To an ordinary person It seems that the installation technology is quite simple. However, any process installation work has its own nuances. It is strictly forbidden to press mineral wool. The main effect of heat retention is that the bubbles located in the inner part of the material do not provide heat exchange between the ceiling and the attic.

Spotlights can also create a certain problem. It is known that energy-saving lamps get very hot. The installed insulation will prevent the removal of heat from the lamps, which will lead to their rapid breakdown. An alternative option is to create an additional gap between the lamps and the insulation (obstruction of heat removal and air circulation).

Types and materials

Various shops and building materials markets offer big choice heaters. Against this background, several varieties stand out.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool is a common textile fiber obtained by various methods. Fiber made from volcanic materials is called stony. Slag wool is created on the basis of blast-furnace slag. Glass wool is a raw material created on the basis of glass melt. As for the thickness of the insulation, the indicator ranges from 2 to 20 cm.

Mineral wool is optimally hygroscopic, over time it is destroyed as a result of ingress of condensate. To prevent this process, when installing the insulation, it is necessary to mount an additional layer of vapor barrier.

Polyethylene foam

Polyethylene foam in the form of a roll on a foil basis is a new generation of insulation. The thickness of such material is from 3 to 20 mm. Polyethylene foam is the most effective material used for ceiling insulation. The small thickness makes it easy to install it in a private house and apartment.

Styrofoam

Styrofoam is a material made from plastic mass in the form of cells. It is produced in the form of squares measuring 1 x 1 m. The thickness of the sheet is from 2 to 10 cm. The density of the material varies between 15-25 kg / m2 (foam 25 kg / m2 is often used to insulate the ceiling). Styrofoam is often used to insulate suspended frames, walls and other coverings of a private house. It has good reviews.

Styrofoam

Extruded polystyrene foam is formed by producing special polymers: the finished insulation is created by extruding the material through a special mold measuring 120x60 cm. The thickness of the finished sheet ranges from 10 to 200 mm. For insulation of ceiling structures, a material with a density of 25-45 kg / cm2 is more often used. If to speak plain language, this is foam plastic made using a different technology. Its main difference is the higher strength of the material.

Expanded polystyrene (polystyrene) should be used as a ceiling insulation when subsequent plastering is planned.

You can insulate the ceiling with loose expanded clay. This material is often used for insulation of attic floors. In addition to the basic materials, insulation can be carried out with isolon, penofol, penoplex. It is important to fix the insulation material correctly. The materials are suitable for insulation on the top floor, veranda, basement, attic.

Which to choose?

When choosing a heater, special attention should be paid to combustibility, strength, weight and level of permeability. The cost of insulation is not as important as its effectiveness. There are wooden and concrete floors. concrete structures unlike wooden ceilings, they have a large bearing capacity. Concrete is considered a partially vapor permeable material, but finished slabs lose this indicator.

Wooden ceilings are more common in private homes. Usually attic floors are installed on a wooden base. It is known that the tree is subject to burning and passes any vapors well. If you try to block access to air, over time the tree will begin to rot. It is worth highlighting the key factor influencing the choice of material - the location of the insulation layer. The ceiling can be insulated from the attic side of the house and its inner part. Fans of an inexpensive, simple and affordable option for insulation will suit the attic floor.

Work technology

Experienced experts do not recommend insulating ceilings in the interior of the room. The main reason is the danger of ingress of insulation or its fumes into the room. Consider the best options for the placement and installation of ceiling insulation, observing the technology of work and precautions.

Expanded polystyrene (EPS) can be used as an effective option. Installation work begins with the installation of the crate. At the next stage of work, polystyrene foam is installed. The thickness of the insulation should be 3 mm.

Next, measure the space between the rails (no more than 2 mm). The empty space is filled with insulation and fixed with dowels. At the end, drywall is fixed to the crate as a false ceiling. As an alternative, tensile structures can be installed.

Foamed polyethylene is not as effective as a heater. It can be used for insulation in the event that heat loss is small. A crate is mounted on the ceiling and the penofol is fixed with dowels. After installation, a small gap is made on both sides of the material for air ventilation and another crate is installed.

At the end of the work, drywall is mounted or stretch ceiling. As an alternative, penofol is recommended to be used in combination with penoplex.

Additional insulation can be plaster mixtures. They are an excellent insulation for a concrete-based ceiling. Plaster mixtures are highly environmentally friendly. They are non-flammable and fit perfectly into architectural style Houses. One of the most natural and high-quality do-it-yourself insulation materials inside is cork bark agglomerate. Such material is mounted on the crate. Since the cork bark is not afraid of moisture, vapor barrier is optional.

The insulation of the ceiling in the interior of the room directly depends on the material used. Using foam, the crate can not be installed, since it is perfectly mounted on mastic or glue. Additional strength to other materials is formed by a hinged structure. In wet rooms (for example, a bathroom), a metal profile is additionally used; in other situations, they use wooden structure. However, to insulate the ceiling without decorative finishes fail.

The profile must be fixed to the dimensions of the insulation. As waterproofing material use film or glassine. The insulation is mounted without additional gaps. Another layer of waterproofing is laid on top of the insulation and hermetically glued. Foil insulation is mounted with a reflector in inner part premises. A special crate serves as an additional support element for the subsequent decorative finishing of the ceiling.

When choosing a heater, it is necessary to take into account tips and recommendations, as well as a number of conditions and characteristics of the base material. In more detail, you should analyze the material of construction (concrete, brick, wood), as well as the size and purpose of the room.

Let's highlight the main properties and characteristics for ceiling insulation:

High level of fire safety (material should not burn).
The elasticity and elasticity of the material play an important role in the preservation and restoration of insulation.
Environmental friendliness of the insulation (the main composition of the material should not contain harmful and toxic substances).

If the house does not have an attic or it is located very low, then the upper part of the building must be insulated inside. How to insulate the ceiling from the inside of the house? What materials to use? Let's figure it out.

How to insulate the ceiling in a private house from the inside? There are several materials for ceiling insulation:

foil insulation;
Ecowool as insulation for the upper part of the house;
With the help of mineral wool;
The use of foam in the work;
Insulation of the ceiling with foam.

Foil insulation

This material is used for insulation of concrete surfaces. Additionally, no heat-insulating components are needed to insulate the ceiling from the inside in a private house. Release of foil expanded polystyrene carried out in sheets 60/120 and a thickness of 2-9 cm.

Thanks to the technology of stepped locks, there will be no cold between the joints of the sheets. This material is divided into two types: two-sided and one-sided. Most often foil insulation used for thermal insulation of the upper parts of the baths.

Installation steps

A cellular crate is made of a metal profile or wooden beams.
The necessary sheets of material are cut.
Fasten to the crate with a stapler.
The foil side should be located inside the room.
When laying sheets, you need to do the so-called " air cushions” so that the foil does not get too hot.
From above, the upper part of the house is sewn up with clapboard or drywall.

Ecowool as insulation for the ceiling

The basis of ecowool is cellulose, an environmentally friendly material.

Advantages:

Due to the content of lingin in the insulation, it becomes breathable, resilient and elastic.
In such a heater, a fungus does not form, and rodents will not start.
Fire resistant.
When working with metal surfaces, corrosion is not formed.

Disadvantages:

During operation, a lot of dust is generated.
It will not work on your own, the work must be done by specialists.
You can not heat the material, because it will smolder.

Installation steps

Installed in two ways: wet and dry. Dry is used to insulate the ceiling from the outside, and wet from the inside.
Ecowool is soaked and glued to the surface.
Gluing is carried out under pressure.
When the material dries, the surface will become homogeneous.
You can process ecowool and adhesive, and then attach to the base of the upper part of the house.

With mineral wool

It is necessary to work with this thermal insulation composition very carefully. You need to wear a protective suit, a respirator and goggles. So that particles of mineral wool do not get on the skin, because it is very irritating to the skin.
Disadvantages of mineral wool:

You can not lay the material, and then remove it, as it may lose its thermal insulation qualities.
Afraid of moisture.
It is necessary to lay without cracks, the quality of thermal insulation will depend on this.
It is necessary to use additional heat-insulating means.
The material is not durable and needs to be replaced after 10 years.

Installation steps

The upper part of the building is cleared of debris and dust.
The frame is made of metal or wooden guides.
Measurements are being taken.
Lags are installed.
A vapor barrier must be fixed on the surface.
Between the vapor barrier and the mineral wool there must be a gap for air circulation.
Protective clothing is worn.
Blocks of mineral wool are placed in the resulting cells.
Another layer of vapor barrier is attached on top of the insulation.
The upper part of the house is sewn up with the purchased material: drywall or clapboard.

Use in the work of foam

Insulation of the ceiling in a private house from the inside with foam is used quite often. But it has disadvantages:

Formaldehyde is released into the air;
Rodents may appear;
The upper part of the room will not breathe;
Illuminates in the event of a fire.

Installation steps

There are two installation methods: glue and frame.
The width and length of the ceiling are measured.
Purchased insulating material.
The old flooring is removed from the ceiling.
The surface must be treated with an antiseptic.
After it is primed.
Now either the plates are glued to the ceiling, or a frame is made, and the blocks are laid in the cells.
With the adhesive method, the plates are additionally fixed with dowels.
All cracks are filled with mounting foam.
The surface is reinforced.
The entire upper surface of the room is sutured.

Insulation of the ceiling with foam

Material advantages:

Moisture resistant.
Plates can be simply glued.
It will not start rodents, fungi and mold.
Frost-resistant.
Weighs little.

Installation steps

The frame is being made.
Plates are laid in the cells.
A layer of vapor barrier is attached.
The upper surface of the room is sutured.

It is possible in another way:

The surface is cleaned of dirt.
Primed.
Plates are treated with glue.
Attached to the ceiling.
It must be sheathed with drywall.

Several methods of ceiling insulation were considered, which one the homeowner should decide on.

High-quality insulation of the ceiling in the house allows you to keep warm in cool weather and prevent the room from heating up in the heat. To insulate the ceiling in a private house means to win economically and increase the level of comfort. But how to insulate the ceiling for less money? The market offers a wide range of solutions for this.

The first steps in the insulation of the ceiling: general rules

Ceiling insulation is a necessary measure, despite the high labor costs. As a result, the owner will comfortable conditions living with low fuel consumption for heating in winter.

How to insulate the ceiling in the house? Main rules:

Choice of environmentally friendly and safe material.
The insulation must be made of non-combustible material.
The material must have not only high-level thermal insulation properties, but also not disturb the natural humidity. That is, you must breathe.
The material must not be exposed to moisture.

Note! Only compliance with all parameters guarantees high quality thermal insulation after work.

Preparatory work: material selection

The above criteria meet 5 materials. They are recommended for use when installing a heat-insulating layer on the ceiling of a private house with your own hands:

Styrofoam. A polymer that is characterized by fire safety and lack of susceptibility to moisture.
Penoizol. A polymer with a porous structure that has an unlimited service life.
Mineral wool. Feature - absorbs moisture, so water in one form or another should not fall on it. The most popular material.
Ecowool. It saves heat no worse than the mineral counterpart. Produced from cellulose.
Expanded clay. Made on the basis of clay - a natural component. Dignity - rodents never start in it. In addition, expanded clay is not afraid of moisture. Loose.

Only the last 2 materials are natural. But the rest also do not have a negative impact on human health.

You can create a warm ceiling with budgetary funds, which are always at hand in abundance:

Slag. It negatively affects the life of the floors. Emits a small amount of radiation.
Sawdust. Over time, they are spoiled by insects, losing some of their properties.
Dry grass. Promotes the establishment of insects and rodents.

Economical solutions have drawbacks, but they have the right to be used in non-permanent housing and outbuildings of the old type, where it is a pity to invest a lot of money - cottages, old houses or in a bathhouse.

Insulation installation: location options

The main heat loss in the house occurs through the ceiling of the last floor, above which there is an attic with a roof. Accordingly, the method of installation of insulation 2:

Outer.
Interior.

Both methods give the desired result. But there are differences. They lie not only in the features of installation, but also on what materials are used. Namely:

Vapor permeable.
Waterproofing.

That is, this is how a material can work with moisture - absorb and let it through or repel it. For interior decoration, a vapor-permeable material is used, and outside - water-repellent.

It is used if there is no attic above the residential floor. Would need:

Install the frame. Usually made of wood, on the floor of the attic. The final design depends on the insulating material.
Fill the frame with heat-insulating material.

On this layer of insulation can not be touched. However, if the attic is periodically used for domestic needs and you have to walk on its floor, then the insulation layer needs to be covered:

Concrete.
Plywood or lining.

Internal insulation

If there is a regularly used room above the living space, in the form of an attic or a warehouse, it is advisable to use an internal insulating structure. The disadvantages of the method:

Labor intensity.
Reducing the height of the walls.

Note! At internal way laying insulation will require waterproofing, between the insulation and the ceiling. It is needed if a vapor-permeable material is used.

When building a new house, if the project did not provide for internal insulation just make changes to the project. But for an already commissioned house, this can be a problem, especially with a low ceiling height. And if the design of the wooden ceiling can be changed, then the concrete ceiling cannot be changed.

For work, a frame is also formed, which is filled with insulation. Then the structure is covered with drywall.

Note! The peculiarity of using cotton wool (mineral and eco) is that it cannot be pressed to reduce the thickness. It contains pores that reduce its thermal conductivity. Therefore, it should be used with caution in interior decoration.

Work examples

Each material is unique and it needs to be laid on the ceiling according to its own, separate technology. Required materials and tools:

Boards or metal profile to form a frame.
Insulation.
Cutting tools.
Fasteners.
Protection - goggles, respirator, gloves.

Details of the work being done:

There should be no gaps on the vapor barrier film. Including between the seams. Runs should be overlapped.
In the frame, the distance between the slats should be 1-2 cm less than the width of the insulation sheet. The height of the frame is 1-2 cm higher than the thickness of the insulation in order to ensure air circulation up to the waterproofing layer from above.

Below are ways to insulate the ceiling with popular heaters.

Bulk material that has gained popularity as a thermal insulating layer for floors. Lately it is used as an inexpensive insulation on the ceiling. Characteristics:

Not subject to oxidation, including combustion.
Does not emit harmful substances.
Does not attract rodents and is not covered with fungus.
Inferior to cotton wool and polystyrene in heat-insulating properties.
Heavy. Apply only on strong ceilings with supporting beams.

Mounting technology:

A layer of vapor barrier is laid on the floor of the attic. You can use regular film.
The niches between the beams are covered with expanded clay. It is desirable to use fractions of different sizes to form several layers. Thickness - at least 20 cm. In cold climates - from 40 cm.
The material is leveled.
A vapor barrier is mounted on top.
Floor laying.

Alternative material - foam glass. It retains heat better.

This material is called liquid foam. Special additives make it non-flammable and repel rodents. The disadvantage of the installation is that skilled workers with equipment are needed who can properly insulate.

The technology is simple. On the vapor barrier, previously laid, foam insulation is poured with a layer thickness of 20-30 cm. If necessary, the floor can be mounted on top.

insulation of the ceiling with mineral wool is the most popular way. Easy to do by hand. Types of mineral wool:

Slag. Made from blast furnace slag. Unsuitable material for insulation due to increased hygroscopicity and high thermal conductivity.
Stone. Produced from rock with the addition of clay. Has low thermal conductivity.
Glass wool. It has the lowest thermal conductivity. Differs in low cost. Causes irritation upon contact with human mucous membranes.

Mounting order:

Lay a vapor barrier.
Mount the frame.
Lay cotton.
Attach waterproofing to the cotton.

Polymer cellular material. In terms of thermal insulation properties, it is similar to glass wool. Material properties:

Low cost.
Light weight.
Flammable, with the release of a toxic substance. When heated, they can also be released.
Rodents can nest in it.
Contributes to the greenhouse effect.

Installation options:

With the help of a framework.
For glue.

The foam plastic lies on the frame like the method with cotton wool. However, you should first apply liquid nails to the frame rails and the top of the foam. Mounting with glue:

Cleaning and washing of the installation surface. You will need a primer.
Apply glue to the top of the foam and press the sheet to the ceiling surface.
The glued sheets are covered with a layer of plaster and then reinforced with reinforcing fiber. Plaster is also laid on top of it.

To prevent a large leakage of heat through the roof will help proper insulation ceiling in a private house. Just try to correctly determine the choice of insulation and evaluate the amount of work.

What is the best way to insulate?

There are several options for insulating the ceiling space. When choosing, pay attention to the characteristics of the insulation. He should not accumulate moisture, skip a variety of fungus and mold to breed. Fire safety is also important. What material to insulate the ceiling in a private house to choose?

Various ways to insulate the ceiling:

sawdust. This method has been known for a long time. This is the most cheap option insulation wooden ceiling in a private house. If there is a woodworking enterprise or a sawmill nearby, then sawdust can be taken for free, or bought for a symbolic price. It is easy to use - fall asleep on wooden floors;
expanded clay. Heavy material, so the overlap does not withstand it. But, if you don’t know how to insulate a concrete ceiling in a private house, then this is a good option;
mineral wool. Environmental, non-flammable, breathable material. But, cotton wool must be protected from dampness, otherwise it will lose its properties;
Styrofoam. Lightweight, inexpensive cellular type insulation. The disadvantage is that it can catch fire, rodents like the material.

The better to insulate the ceiling, each owner of a country cottage decides based on the budget, preferences and type of residential building.

Insulation cases

Heat conservation work is carried out exclusively from inside the building under such circumstances:

the attic area is used as a storage room;
in the attic there are communications, cables are laid.

Interior work in a private house requires more responsibility and quality. Materials must be absolutely fireproof.

Most often, the choice of insulation is influenced by climatic conditions and the region of residence of the owner of the building.

We warm outside

External insulation is the ability to capture the entire space at once. How to insulate the ceiling in a private house from the outside? Let's start with the attic. This will save you from wasting money. No need to dismantle floors and suspended ceiling space.

The sequence of ceiling insulation outside a private house is as follows:

clear the attic of debris. The surface must be perfect so that you do not have to redo everything later. Check that there are no holes, cracks;
measure the perimeter of the attic area, purchase foam. Choose sheets of medium thickness;
lay the room around the perimeter with foam plastic. Fill excess holes with foam.

If you don’t know how to insulate the ceiling in a private house from the outside, take mineral wool. The steps will be slightly different:

assemble the frame, mount the logs;
cut glassine for laying a layer of thermal insulation. Fix the edges on the logs;
lay cotton wool on top, but do not press;
cover the entire structure with any floor covering.

The better to perform the insulation of the ceiling in a private house from the outside, you decide. If desired, you can mount two layers of insulation for the ceiling.

The sequence of work with different options for insulation

It is possible to carry out work on the insulation of a private house, from the outside and inside. The effect will be almost the same. but the materials used are different.

To know how to insulate the ceiling in a private house, you need to familiarize yourself with the characteristics of the heaters. Outdoor work is done vapor-permeable materials, internal - absorbent.

The preference for a certain material depends on the type of attic floors. In order to avoid problems with fixing the insulation to the structure of a private house, you need to know how to insulate the ceiling in a private house.

Internal actions are performed with the following sequence:

frame is made
the design space is filled with ecological wool;
so that the structure does not fall apart, fix it with tile glue.

Heat is retained thanks to the many bubbles filled with air inside the insulation.

Penoplex

To insulate the ceiling in a private house with penoplex - a good idea. Universal material will protect the house around the perimeter, including the ceiling.

When insulating the ceiling with foam plastic, the technology is simple, even one person can handle it. Material advantages:

does not release heat;
at the same time does not allow the building to heat up in the heat;
inexpensive.

Ceiling installation:

clean the surface of the old finish;
if there is a fungus, then remove and treat with an antiseptic;
apply plaster on a dry ceiling;
create a base for support;
penoplex is well cut with a knife when cutting;
apply glue on the tiles with a strip around the perimeter and center;
start fastening from the base. Do not press hard, remove excess glue;
fix with dowels, fill the joints with foam.

Penoplex ceiling insulation is used in the attic area, on the inside of the roof.

Application of sawdust

How to competently insulate the ceiling in a private house, the video on the site will tell you step by step. There is a simple and budgetary way of warming - a solution of sawdust, water and cement.

What you need:

dry sawdust, not less than 10 buckets;
water (1.5 l);
cement, ratio to sawdust 10:1.

The following actions are performed:

pour water very slowly, gradually, be sure to stir;
distribute sawdust with cement evenly in the solution;
take a lump of the mixture and try to squeeze out the water. If all else fails - a simple ceiling insulation for home-ready.

If the sawdust is very fresh, then take more cement for better fixing.

If the floors are concrete

In cases where the floors of the building are made of concrete, insulation is carried out from the outside. This is explained by the fact that a protective coating for the roof is applied over the insulating material.

How to perform:

completely clean and level the surface;
create systems for draining water (monolithic screed);
lay the insulation, leaving outlets from the edge;
insulation can be used in a double layer;
install roofing.

Important: if the roof is already protected, then it does not need to be dismantled. In this scenario, lay the insulation on the inside. How to properly insulate the ceiling in a private house in the photo there is a step-by-step instruction.

Instruments

In order to competently perform ceiling insulation in a private house according to the scheme, you need to have certain tools:

insulating material (optional);
mounting foam;
nails;
slats made of wood;
hacksaw for wooden surfaces;
hammer;
construction knife;
screwdriver.

You have the necessary set of tools, material for insulation. It remains to insulate the ceiling of a private house, and the advice of professionals will help.

Requirements

Any insulation must comply with the following standards:

must be fire resistant, not even smoke;
if the floors are iron, then an additional layer of insulation is not needed;

increased attention is paid to the joints on the outside of the walls with insulation. Cold air currents may enter

through the gaps of the room, so cover the outside with another layer;
before work, watch the video, photos, read the tips.

Read the articles on the site, follow the instructions, and insulating the ceiling in a private house with your own hands will not cause any difficulties.

In order for your home to keep warm, to be cozy every season, you need to study all the nuances, imagine how to properly insulate the ceiling in a private house.

If actions occur from the outside of the building, make sure that voids do not form. Such formations are possible where the insulating insulation is joined to the floor beams or between the slabs.

When laying mineral wool from the inside, on the contrary, leave voids. They will be needed to install spotlights. So the lamps will not heat up.

If the material is laid in several layers, overlap the previous row at the joints with a whole slab.

The service life of the heater depends on correct installation waterproofing layer. Therefore, pay special attention to it.

Important: all work to preserve heat country house held only in the summer.

When using mineral insulators, never press them. Otherwise, during operation, the heat will still go away. With this material, leave space (clearances) for the normal operation of spotlights. If this is not done, the insulation will heat up, and the bulbs will burn out. And you can just hang a chandelier or perform side lighting.