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Insulate cold walls inside than. How to insulate a cold wall in an apartment from the inside. Non-standard method of insulation - electric

Insulation will help create an acceptable microclimate in your home, protect it from drafts and dampness. The thermal insulation of the walls allows you to reduce the cost of both heating the premises in winter and cooling them in three times. summer time. After all, the insulation acts as a kind of shield that prevents the movement of air flows, protecting the structure from the effects external factors. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to insulate the facade of a building. For example, thermal insulation of the end wall of a panel structure should be carried out from the inside.

Benefits of indoor wall insulation

Relatively low cost.
Warming is possible at any time of the year.
It is possible to insulate both the entire structure as a whole, and individual rooms and even walls.
Soundproofing of the room.

Among the positive aspects, one should also highlight the availability for self-fulfillment: this is within the power of any owner. It is also important to know how to insulate walls and choose the best material for this.

Ways to insulate walls from the inside

For thermal insulation inside the premises, mainly the same materials are used as for insulation outside. The most popular heaters are expanded polystyrene, mineral wool and mixed heat-insulating materials based on asbestos.

Wall insulation from the inside with drywall

Thermal insulation using drywall sheets is a simple and quick way to insulate walls. The minimum distance from the draft wall to the front surface of the plate is three centimeters. The greater this distance, the correspondingly more insulation will fit into the voids of the structure. This method of thermal insulation is suitable only for large rooms, since the wall noticeably thickens during the installation of the insulation structure.

The process of building insulation from the inside begins with the installation of a metal profile structure at a distance of two centimeters from the wall. It is better to mount the frame from a galvanized profile. It is necessary to stick a tape on the sole of the guide profile to isolate the surface from contact with the plaster, thereby protecting the drywall from the cold transmitted through the metal profile. Then, mineral wool is placed in the cavity of the resulting frame (between the rack profiles). The air gap between the wall of the structure and the drywall is already a heater. However, the use of mineral wool or polystyrene greatly increases the heat resistance of the structure.

Due to its structure and elasticity, the material perfectly fills the structure. The next step is the installation of drywall. When insulating rooms with high humidity, you should not save. It is better to purchase moisture resistant drywall. At the final stage, the plasterboard slabs are finished with wallpaper.

Wall insulation from the inside with mineral wool

Thermal insulation using mineral wool is one of the most economical options. The advantages of mineral wool include lightness (which is very important when transporting building materials and insulating old structures) and low thermal conductivity. The effect of "thermos" occurs due to the occurrence air cushion between mineral fibres.

Perhaps the only drawback of mineral wool is that it is quite hygroscopic. Therefore, if you decide to insulate the walls from the inside, you will also have to take care of the vapor barrier in order to avoid the accumulation of condensate. In order to prevent moisture absorption through the surface of the insulation, it is recommended, along with the use of the main heat-insulating material, to insulate the walls from the inside with penofol. This material has an outstanding property - it retains up to 97% of heat. A layer of vapor barrier is applied to the frame of metal profiles after the installation of mineral wool.

Penofol - a special, foamed polyethylene with an aluminum coating in the form of a foil, which has vapor barrier and soundproof characteristics. The penofol membrane has small holes that allow moisture microparticles to move in only one direction. Penofol sheets have a small thickness. Thanks to its flexibility, this material is easy to install. It does not require additional maintenance during operation, which is also an indisputable plus.

Insulation of walls from the inside with foam

Thermal insulation using extruded polystyrene is within the power of even beginners who do not have much experience in construction. There is nothing simpler: Penoplex plates, which can be purchased here http://penoplex-spb.ru, are attached with glue to the wall. In this case, the entire surface of the plate is treated with an adhesive composition. Small grooves along the edges of the plate contribute to the reliable fastening of the foam and improve the tightness of the joints. Extruded polystyrene with smooth edges needs additional taping. Styrofoam is both glued and fixed with screws.

When insulating with foam plastic, there is no need for vapor barrier, since the surface of the plate is vapor-tight. A thin layer of plaster applied to the granular (for better adhesion to finishing materials and increased protection against fire hazard) surface of extruded polystyrene will protect the walls from damage and prepare for further painting or wallpapering.

Wall insulation technology from the inside

The process of thermal insulation takes place in several stages. The sequence of operations depends primarily on the selected material. The insulation is either glued to the inner surface of the wall, or attached to a special structure.

The most common is the scheme of wall insulation from the inside, in which the layers of thermal insulation are arranged as follows:

Interior wall decoration.
Small ventilation gap.
Membrane for vapor barrier.
Insulation.

The whole process of wall insulation can be divided into several stages.

Wall preparation

When carrying out thermal insulation with mineral slabs or with drywall, it is not necessary to level the walls. It is enough to clean the walls from flaky particles of building and finishing materials, remove protrusions that prevent the fixation of heat-insulating materials and carry out fungicidal treatment (protection against excessive activity of room mold). Small irregularities will be masked during thermal insulation and finishing work.

Formation of the frame and installation of insulation

At a short distance from the wall, a frame made of aluminum profiles is mounted or wooden beams(depending on the climate). It should be noted that wood is subject to drying and deformation during sudden changes in temperature. The profile is fixed in a vertical direction. The thickness of the frame must certainly correspond to the thickness of the insulation, and the distance between the bars or profiles is calculated depending on the size of the finishing material (for example, a drywall sheet). When insulating with polystyrene, the frame does not need to be erected.

Laying of thermal insulation materials begins after the completion of the frame assembly. In order to insulate the walls from the inside, one layer of insulation is enough. If there is a need to install a second layer, then, accordingly, an additional frame will need to be installed for it. Often in the area of \u200b\u200bheaters, the installation of insulation is difficult. In this case, a layer of penofol should be laid.

Laying a vapor barrier and finishing

The vapor barrier protects the walls from the concentration of excess moisture in the voids of the thermal insulation material. Foil-coated film is most often used as a vapor barrier. Make sure that the shiny part of the vapor barrier is facing the inner wall of the room. The vapor barrier sheets are overlapped. To improve the effect, the joints are glued with metallic tape.

After completion of thermal insulation, the surface is sheathed with drywall and plastered, and then painted or glued decorative panels or wallpaper. As for the choice of finishing materials, there are no special restrictions.

Other ways to insulate walls

In some cases, the foam is placed in space when laying walls. Also used during the construction phase penoizol, which is poured into hard-to-reach places and cracks.

From liquid materials use cellulose, which is also poured under the slabs and in the gaps between brickwork. Cellulose insulation has a number of disadvantages: it is flammable and easily exposed to microorganisms and mold. To prevent this, flame retardants and antiseptics must be added to the pulp mass.

One of the simplest, but expensive ways to insulate walls is ceramic insulation. This is a liquid paste that is applied both to the surface of the wall and to hard-to-reach places. To achieve the effect of the wall, you need to cover 5-6 layers of paste, the consumption of which is 1 square meter- 250 ml. This makes this type of wall insulation, although expensive, but durable.

When carrying out insulation work, unsightly heating or water pipes, additional electrical wiring is easy to hide in a thermal insulation niche. Therefore, the insulation of the walls from the inside is an excellent reason to both improve the performance of the room and improve the design of the room.

The issue of internal insulation causes a lot of controversy and has its own ardent opponents. But there are those who believe that this option will help make the building more comfortable for living. Both sides are right. In every situation there are grounds for adopting one position or another. But before choosing this method for interior decoration private house, you should carefully weigh the pros and cons, study the features, choose a safe insulation.

In what cases is it relevant

Warming the walls from the inside certainly allows you to increase the thermal performance of the house. But this is an unconventional technology, because they usually try to do it. However, there are situations when there is no other way out.

The option is also valid for apartment buildings. It helps not only to increase the comfort of housing, but also to prevent the occurrence of such troubles as mold or fungus.

Problems

This method has a number of disadvantages. It is for this reason that the method has many opponents. Wall insulation “from the inside” can cause the following problems:

The walls are not protected from the cold. The supporting structure of the building continues to be in contact with the outside air. This can lead to its gradual destruction. Cracks will begin to appear on the surface. This measure not only fails to protect outer wall from the cold, but also takes away some of the heat from it, because before the insulation, part of the heat from the room heated the wall, and now this flow is blocked.
Dropout of condensate. It forms on a cold surface in contact with warm air. Heat engineers call the place of condensation the dew point. The main task of thermal insulation is to move the dew point outside the wall. Insulation "from the inside" provides a shift in the dew point to the boundary between the wall and the insulation. This process is hidden, so the owners of the house do not notice it. But humidity will be an excellent condition for the reproduction of various microorganisms.
Reduction in floor space. Modern views heaters have good efficiency. But science hasn't figured it out yet good material to keep its thickness to a minimum. To insulate the house from the side of the room, it will take from 5 to 10 cm of insulation. It eats up a lot of space. This is not so noticeable to the eye, but if you calculate the losses for the entire building, the figure is significant.

With internal insulation, the dew point shifts to the border between the wall and the insulation

Therefore, before deciding on the internal insulation of the walls of the house, we recommend that you carefully think about the listed problems. In this case, ignorance does not exempt from responsibility, since the result of inattention will make itself felt in the first years of operation.

Material selection

The technology allows the use different types heaters. Each of them has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. The most commonly used options for wall insulation from the inside:

Styrofoam;
extruded polystyrene foam (Penoplex type);
mineral wool;

Styrofoam

Polyfoam is inexpensive and has good efficiency. In most cases, 5 cm will be enough to provide a comfortable microclimate. It allows you to complete the work quickly, without complex processing and additional tool.

Styrofoam - an inexpensive and effective heat insulator

But this material has significant drawbacks:

low strength;
combustibility;
poor vapor permeability - foam can turn a house into a real greenhouse.

Extruded polystyrene foam

The closest relative of polystyrene has become extruded polystyrene foam (such as "Penoplex"). It is very similar in appearance, but has an orange color instead of white. It is also worth noting that it has greater strength and durability. But such shortcomings as flammability and poor vapor permeability have not gone away. Such insulation of the wall will not allow it to breathe and will require additional ventilation.

Penoplex is stronger than polystyrene and lasts longer

Is it possible to perform internal insulation with polystyrene foam? Yes, you can. But you need to prepare for negative consequences and eliminate them in time. This option is more suitable for brick or lightweight concrete. Wood for walls is usually chosen precisely for its ability to breathe. Styrofoam or foam plastic will easily block air flows and negate all the advantages of wood.

Mineral wool

Such a heater is widely used. It is relatively slightly more expensive, but it has a high vapor permeability. It is recommended to choose basalt mineral wool, which is available in rigid boards. It is easy to install, does not burn, has a sufficiently high strength.

But place the insulation layer inside the room should be careful. This material has low moisture resistance. Cotton wool perfectly absorbs water, after which it practically ceases to perform its direct functions. For reliable protection against moisture, it is necessary to provide a vapor barrier on the side of warm air and waterproofing on the side of cold air.

fibreboard

The walls of the house can be insulated from the inside. The option does not guarantee that the difficulties listed above will not occur in the future, but it has the following advantages:

good thermal insulation and sound absorption;
unattractive to insects and rodents;
good resistance to moisture and temperature extremes;
ease of processing, you can use any tools;
simple installation;
convenience for wiring.

Fiberboard is resistant to temperature extremes and high humidity

Material selection criteria

Insulation of the walls of the house from the inside must meet the following criteria:

environmental friendliness;
security;
fire resistance (for materials that are unstable to high temperatures, select the appropriate finish);
durability;
efficiency, low thermal conductivity;
good resistance to moisture (or the presence of additional protection against it).

The material for internal thermal insulation must have good vapor permeability

It is also worth checking the vapor permeability. How to insulate a house long years? Consider good ventilation. Without this, the building will suffer from high humidity and microclimate disturbance. The problem can be solved, but you need to think about it at the initial stage.

Technology

For a private house, two methods of fixing the material are used. Both are relevant:

on glue;
by frame.

The second option allows you not to level the carefully insulated surface. In addition, it allows you to easily attach finishing materials. For example, for facing with drywall, in any case, it will be necessary to build a frame. You can insulate the wall under plywood or under plaster. Then there is no need to use a frame. The choice of installation method for insulation largely depends on the method of further finishing. Be sure to consider what kind of basis is required.

Adhesive mount

The surface must be thoroughly cleaned of dirt, grease and dust, otherwise it can significantly reduce the quality of adhesion of the heat-insulating material to the base. Further work is performed in the following order:

level the surface, knock down protrusions, cover up cracks and depressions;
treat the surface with an antiseptic composition;
apply a layer of primer;
glue the sheet, the adhesive composition is applied with a roller on the wall and material;
let the glue dry;
fix the material to the wall with dowels.

Expanded polystyrene sheets and mineral wool slabs are fixed in a checkerboard pattern. After fixing the insulation, you can start finishing.

Frame fastening

This option can be called more laborious, but also more reliable. It allows you to protect the insulation from mechanical influences. This is especially true when using fragile foam.

Before starting work, the wall is cleaned of dirt and treated with an antiseptic. After that, you need to build a good frame from wooden bars or a metal aluminum profile. The racks are fastened to the wall with self-tapping screws. The step of the elements is selected depending on the width of the insulation. For mineral wool, such a step is required so that 58 cm remains in the light. For polystyrene and foam plastic, the distance in the light should be exactly 60 cm.

After installing the frame, the insulation is laid between the racks. The joints between the polystyrene foam and the frame are filled with mounting foam. After that, you can start finishing.

When performing work on any of these technologies using mineral wool, it is important not to forget about moisture insulation. The waterproofing is attached directly to the wall before the installation of the wool, and the vapor barrier covers the material and protects it from internal steam. Fastening layers is usually done with a construction stapler. The overlap of the material along the length should be at least 10 cm.

In buildings where panel walls are installed, it is often necessary to perform insulation. Just the thickness of such walls is not enough. The following is observed: the room cools down quickly, while the heating system does not in all cases cope with the tasks. As a result, the temperature in the rooms drops, the residents feel uncomfortable. The problem must be solved. This will be discussed - how to insulate a wall in an apartment from the inside on your own. What materials should be used for this work, how to apply them correctly.

Walls in the apartment and their insulation

External thermal insulation of walls - this method can be called one of the most effective, if you need to keep warm in the apartment.

But this option is expensive - the complexity of implementation is too high, it is necessary to use special equipment, hire professional workers. The higher the number of storeys, the more difficult and costly.

Wall insulation in the apartment from the inside is fully justified in different cases. For example:

If there is a ban from the authorities that the facade of the building cannot be changed. This happens if the building is of cultural value, or if the front of the house has access to the main street;
If behind the wall there is an expansion joint between a pair of buildings;
When the elevator shaft is behind a wall, or there is any other room that is not heated. Accordingly, it is impossible to mount external insulation in such a situation.

There is an exit! The best choice is to insulate the walls from the inside in the apartment. Yes, this will cut off the usable area in the premises a little. But warm rooms of a slightly smaller area are better than spacious cold rooms. Moreover, if you work inside, you can do the work yourself, without hiring specialists. The main thing is to act correctly: prepare the right tools and materials for work.

When equipment is installed in the apartment autonomous heating, insulated walls perfectly help to save energy resources - this is exactly what any owner wants to achieve.

Read more about the pros and cons of internal insulation if you can't make a decision:

Positive sides:

The cost of work will be affordable for almost any family;
Installation can be done regardless of weather conditions;
In the process, it will be possible to align the walls.

Minuses:

Condensation may appear, and the formation of mold colonies should not be ruled out. To avoid this, you will have to think over high-quality ventilation - then these problems will not exist;
The wall does not accumulate heat, does not retain it. Often the losses are 15%;
If you insulate the wall incorrectly, it will definitely freeze through. After some time, because of this, the material will collapse;
The volume of the room will decrease;
The interior decoration of the rooms will suffer;
Residents often experience inconvenience if the apartment is being renovated.

Insulation from the inside - how to do it right

It is worth noting that the thermal insulation of the walls of the apartment from the inside, which in the future will prevent the appearance of condensate due to temperature fluctuations in the winter, as well as the occurrence of mold spots on the walls, must be carried out correctly - all technological recommendations must be followed.

When a thermal insulation "pie" is formed, its structure is created, and high-quality vapor barrier is necessarily made. It should protect the insulation from moisture ingress into it.

Before proceeding with the insulation of the wall in the apartment inside, it is worth studying a number of recommendations on how the work is done:

Buy a vapor barrier film High Quality- it is necessary. Also, the shopping list should have waterproof tape so that you can seal all the joints between the sheets without any problems;
A material with low vapor permeability is being prepared - this indicator should be lower than that of the walls. This approach is a guarantee that moisture will evaporate correctly towards the street, there will be no evaporation into the apartment;
It is important to glue the insulation as tightly as possible to the wall surface - this will be confirmed by any experienced craftsman;
Inside the room it is necessary to equip ventilation - it can be either forced or natural. Due to this, there will be no excess moisture. For example, today they are often placed on window frames special valves - it is through them that fresh air will enter the room, which is very convenient;
Before insulating the walls in the apartment from the inside, it is necessary to correctly calculate the thickness of the insulation, which will be optimal.

This value depends entirely on what your region is the average daily temperature in winter. What happens if the thermal insulation material turns out to be less than the calculated parameters? There will be a violation of the steam-thermal balance.

The wall insulation system is installed after special primer solutions have been applied to the surface. This will help protect against mold, and adhesion will also be increased, which is important if thermal insulation is being arranged;
Installation of insulation should be carried out strictly on the wall, which is thoroughly dried;
When a heater is installed, "cold bridges" are considered unacceptable. Especially where there are butt seams. It is these "bridges" that can spoil the whole process, significantly complicate the work.

What materials to use for insulation

Each owner decides how to insulate the walls in the apartment from the inside.

We only need pay attention to a number of materials and their features to make the right decision.

Penofol - in detail

Material advantages:

Is environmentally friendly;
Compared to other materials, it has a small thickness;
The level of vapor permeability is low;
Noise isolation is high;
Installation is easy;
The level of fire safety is high;
Transportation is made without any difficulties;
The material is not liked by rodents.

Minuses:

This material is soft, so light pressure is enough - dents are instantly formed;
To perform high-quality fixation, a special glue is used;
If the wall insulation is external, foil foam is used as an additional heat-insulating layer. It is due to it that thermal energy is reflected, reliable protection against moisture is created - you need to know about this.

mineral wool

Positive sides:

The material is not combustible;
Has low thermal conductivity;
Sound isolation is high;
There is good breathability and vapor permeability;
For rodents, mineral wool is of no interest; the same can be said about insects. Constructions are even a fact.

Negative sides:

Absorbs moisture strongly;
Do not do without additional vapor barrier;
If mineral wool is used for a long time, shrinkage may occur;
The area of the rooms will decrease, as the material has a greater thickness.

Ecowool as a heater

Advantages:

The material does not burn;
Is environmentally friendly;
Has low thermal conductivity;
The level of sound insulation is high;
It can be in operation for a very long time.

Minuses:

It costs too much.

Expanded polystyrene for insulation of the apartment from the inside

Positive sides:

Plates do not weigh much;
Strength characteristics are high;
The price is much lower when compared with mineral plates;
Easy to process;
It is not hygroscopic.

Negative sides:

Soundproofing leaves much to be desired;
Vapor permeability coefficient is low;
Partial destruction cannot be ruled out if the temperature rises above 80 degrees;
Low resistance to various organic solvents is observed;
Limited in use. If the height of the house is more than 25 meters, it is not recommended to use it;
The plates are combustible. Expanded polystyrene is a self-extinguishing material, it does not support combustion.

An interesting point: if it turns out that the expanded polystyrene plates do not fade themselves, this indicates one thing - the material does not meet the requirements of the standard. It is forbidden to use it in the apartment.

polyurethane foam

Advantages:

The insulation is made right where the work is being done, which is very convenient. The set of required components is minimal. Accordingly, shipping costs are reduced;
Weighs little;
In addition to insulation, it gives the wall additional strength;
Able to withstand a wide range of temperatures - from minus two hundred degrees to plus two hundred;
When the installation is completed, the owner will see a solid canvas, there will be no seams here.

disadvantages:

If the polyurethane foam gets sunlight(direct UV rays), wear occurs quickly;
It is necessary to protect the additional insulation received. Plaster, any panels will help with this. Some use plain paint. However, this is even good - the surface eventually becomes as aesthetic as possible. When - the same thing is done;
When the temperature is high, the insulation can smolder. If there is strong heating, a fire cannot be ruled out, this also happened.

Cork as a heater

pros:

Weighs very little;
The material is strong, hard;
It is not subject to rotting, mold does not appear due to exposure to moisture;
Cork is an absolute dielectric, static electricity does not accumulate;
Is not combustible. If smoldering - toxic, harmful substances not highlighted;
Rodents are not afraid;
When the humidity level fluctuates, the cork does not change volume, unlike many other heaters;
Installation work is carried out easily, so even beginners will not have problems with how to insulate the wall in the apartment from the inside;
Complete environmental safety.

Minuses:

It is expensive, not every family can afford it.

Plaster

Advantages:

Very easy to apply;
Remarkable adhesion is observed with any kind of surface;
In difficult preparatory work there is no need. Plaster is a plastic material, so it will level the wall itself;
Application is easily done manually, but if you want, there is always an option to use auxiliary technical devices;
Irregularities can be eliminated without problems - defects, cracks, all this is not a reason for unrest;
There are no cold bridges.

disadvantages:

When the application of the plaster is completed, it is necessary to do an additional primer, staining;
If you plan to apply “warm plaster” - the wall must be dried before work;
Since the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the plaster is large, high-quality insulation can be obtained only when the mortar layer is thick - this is not always convenient.

Above, we examined the main materials that are suitable for insulating walls from the inside in an apartment. There are actually a lot of options here..

When walls are insulated in an apartment, two basic rules must be remembered: organize a strong vapor barrier so that condensate does not appear between the insulation and the wall. Also, over to make good ventilation - all moist air from the room should be removed.

Before insulating the walls in the apartment from the inside, in order to protect yourself from unnecessary expenses, it is better to carefully study this topic. All thermal insulation materials that exist today are usually divided into groups, which, in turn, correspond to the material that was used in the construction of the walls of the house - it is important to remember this so that the end result is positive.

Let's look at a few examples:

If the wall is made of brick, you do not need to choose the insulation that is designed for concrete walls. IN this case expanded polystyrene foam is perfect;
When concrete walls are insulated, polystyrene foam is also often used. The main thing is to choose an extruded material;
For concrete walls any heater will do. But here it is also necessary to use a vapor barrier material on any of its surfaces. The ideal solution is foil, this material will provide the necessary protection.

Warming - features of work inside the apartment

It is worth talking in detail about how to interact with one or another heater so that the apartment is warm and the positive effect is preserved for years.

How to insulate with penofol

To achieve the best result, it is necessary to make an air gap on both sides.

Acceptable indicators - 20 mm. In this case, penofol is fixed on a wooden crate, which, in turn, is attached to the base - this is how the desired strength is achieved.

What is being done for this:

Detailed description:

Wooden planks, two centimeters thick, are attached to the wall surface. This is done vertically, it can also be done horizontally. The step is chosen depending on the width of the roll;
slats in wooden walls attach with self-tapping screws, and dowels are used for brick and concrete surfaces;
They take rolled material, strips of the desired length are cut from it. Then they are shot with staples to the planks - a construction stapler will help in this;
Penofol webs are mounted end-to-end, the material is installed inside the room with the foil side;
Each joint must be carefully glued with aluminum tape;
The planks are installed and attached to the crate - it is they who will provide the air outer layer of the desired size;
The walls are sheathed on the outside with sheets of drywall, lining or other materials are also used for this.

Mineral wool insulation - details

Working with this material is somewhat more difficult - you can not do without wooden slats. And the installation order looks something like this:

Vertical slats are placed on the walls - this is done using the building level. Just one plane should be provided for all elements;
The waterproofing layer is placed between the rails, you can also fix directly to the rail;
How to insulate a wall in an apartment from the inside now? Very simple - it remains to lay only the insulation itself.

So that there are no cold bridges, the heat-insulating material is placed extremely tightly in the cavity between the slats. In size, it sometimes has to be cut - but only a little more than the distance between the slats. The fact is that there should not be any gaps between the canvases, even minimal ones.

After they put a vapor barrier material, they perform fasteners with slats;
If there is no plaster layer, the ideal approach to business is to lay mineral wool in two layers, this will be more than enough.

About insulation with polystyrene foam

This solution can be called one of the cheapest and easiest if you need to insulate an apartment. If the walls are built of brick, the first thing they advise is to plaster, only then move on.

What then? Following:

When the coating dries, the wall is leveled - putty is used for this;
Put waterproofing material, which will one hundred percent protect the wall from the appearance of condensate between the insulation and the main one;
Next, you can install sheets of insulation. For fastening, a special glue is usually chosen. At the same time, the composition is not applied to the foam, but directly to the surface of the wall - this is correct;
It is recommended to place foam panels end-to-end, there is no need to make any gaps here;
They put a vapor barrier material, you can’t do without it.

How to insulate with polyurethane foam

To spray polyurethane foam, you need to use special equipment- no other way.

Besides:

A wooden crate must be mounted on the wall - it is she who will act as guides when the material is sprayed. It will also be the main one, on which the decorative trim will be fixed;
Then the polyurethane foam is installed;
Attach trim panels. In general, nothing complicated.

Plaster and work with it

What should be done before insulating the walls from the inside in the apartment with plaster? It is important to study some features of the forthcoming work. For example, warm plaster is applied to the walls in three layers - this is important.

The first step is spraying with liquid plaster - so that the composition can get into all the cracks. The composition is thrown evenly, with a certain effort. The layer thickness should be at least 1 cm;
Now apply soil. If they are thermally insulated with plaster, it will be the main one. A coating thickness of 0.5-0.6 cm is sufficient.

It is best to apply the primer in several layers, while the size of each can be 2-3 cm. Due to this, the coating will not separate from the walls due to its weight. After application, it is important to dry each layer thoroughly.

Now the cover. That is, the finishing layer, which has a thickness of up to 0.5 cm. To make this layer, fine clean sand is used, which is diluted with water. This composition is easily rubbed into the wall surface, a completely flat plane is obtained.

Cork and insulation

What to do if you need to insulate the wall in the apartment with a cork from the inside. In fact, there is nothing complicated here - first the surface is prepared: ideally, the base should turn out to be as even as possible. This process is controlled by the building level.

How to get the desired result? So:

If the surface of the wall is not smooth enough, it must be plastered, then various cracks, protrusions, depressions, and other flaws are removed;
When the leveling work is done, the room must be left to dry thoroughly.

It is not necessary to carry out wall insulation with cork materials inside the room if the surface is damp. Because of this, not only fungus can occur, but the panels can also be deformed.

When installing the insulation, it is necessary to strictly follow the instructions for the adhesive - this is very important;
During operation, the strength of the coating will be worthy only when all the technological aspects of the work are performed correctly;
The cork, on which the glue was applied, is simply applied to the wall. Then the material is strengthened. At the same time, it is important to act accurately and accurately. Many cork adhesive bases set very quickly, almost instantly. That is, it will no longer be possible to somehow change the location of the product after laying on the wall.

The video “how to insulate walls in an apartment from the inside” will tell you in detail about the process of insulating a wall inside an apartment - the lesson will be useful to everyone: how experienced master as well as a newbie.

During the installation of the cork, it is important to ensure that the room is well ventilated. Glue can easily be toxic, in addition, the compositions usually have bad smell(very sharp).

All the recommendations discussed above will help to reliably insulate the walls in the apartment from the inside. How to do this in the end is up to the owner to decide, only he knows the answer to the question of what heaters will be used. Cold should not get into the apartment. If this is observed, the problem must be solved as soon as possible, then life in the room will be comfortable.

The construction market does not stand still. Today in specialized stores you can find a large assortment of materials intended for internal wall insulation. How to choose from the whole variety of heat insulators what is best suited for a dwelling, warehouse, office building or premises for other purposes?

The choice of the optimal option, first of all, should be focused on achieving the primary goal - increasing the air temperature in the room during the cold season. But, besides this, it is important to take into account the environmental friendliness of the material, its ability to create an optimal microclimate. After all, if you look at internal insulation without proper preparation, then all the work will only aggravate the situation: the appearance of excessive dampness, the formation of fungi and a layer of mold on the walls and ceiling.

Each of the proposed options for insulation has its own styling features, disadvantages and advantages in use. It is worth dwelling on the issue of choosing a heat insulator in more detail.

Each of the proposed options for insulation has its own styling features.

The parameters that the material used to insulate the apartment from the inside must comply with:

Thermal conductivity. If the thermal conductivity of the material is high, the insulation layer must be larger, which leads to a decrease in the area of \u200b\u200bthe room and an increase in cost. The ability to retain heat is one of the key parameters that you need to focus on when deciding what is the best way to insulate an apartment.
Strength, resistance to mechanical damage. The use of brittle material reduces the life of the insulation, and also increases the cost and time required to complete the work.
Environmental friendliness. When insulating a residential apartment, it is advisable to choose a harmless material. After all, wall insulation for an apartment or residential building must be safe, not emit harmful substances.
Vapor permeability. Taking into account this indicator, you can avoid many problems associated with an increase in humidity in the apartment.
Biostability. This indicator gives an assessment of the ability of the material to resist the spread and attack of biological organisms such as fungi. In addition to the external manifestation, microorganisms contribute to the destruction of the material and the loss of its original properties.
Profitability. Naturally, you don’t want to spend extra money on wall insulation in an apartment, but you shouldn’t save too much in this matter either.

Different materials have their own operational features and differ in one way or another. Therefore, before you go to the store, you should familiarize yourself with these characteristics. After all, not only the warmth and comfort in the apartment, but also its suitability for comfortable living depends on the answer to the question, which insulation to choose for the walls.

Styrofoam

Today, this heat-insulating material is the most popular due to several of its advantages:

proven effectiveness. Styrofoam has low thermal conductivity, which allows it to retain heat well, and low vapor and water permeability, which does not allow liquid to accumulate inside the insulation;
low cost compared to other materials;
ease of installation. Styrofoam does not require the installation of additional frames, it is attached by gluing to a pre-plastered surface;
versatility. This material is suitable for both indoor and outdoor work, it creates a reliable heat-insulating barrier of the ceiling, walls, roof, floor, ceilings between floors.

Plates penoplex

This material has several names: expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene and is considered a higher quality "relative" of its fellow polystyrene.

What distinguishes foam from polystyrene:

fine-cell structure allows you to better retain heat and protect against the penetration of cold;
increased strength. Under heavy loads, the plates do not deform, but are easily cut with a knife. Due to its strength, this material is good for use both for insulation from the inside in a private house and for outdoor work;
long service life. The warranty period during which the penoplex will retain its properties is 50 years;
penoplex is resistant to mold, rodents do not like it. In addition, this material does not emit toxic substances during combustion, as polystyrene, which gives it an additional plus for insulating walls inside the room;
in order to decide how to insulate the wall of your apartment from the inside, it is useful to pay attention to the cost of penoplex. It is higher than the price of polystyrene, but it is quite justified.

mineral wool

This type of insulation belongs to the category of mineral materials and has been used in construction for a long time. Compared to its newer counterparts, it has a number of disadvantages, but due to its effectiveness and low cost, it still remains a fairly popular material.

Features of mineral wool:

Susceptibility to mechanical damage is a significant disadvantage. When performing interior work, it is important to take into account that glass wool fibers scatter easily. This should be taken into account by the master and how to equip. If you decide to work with the material yourself, do not neglect protective equipment: goggles, a respirator, gloves, as well as clothing that protects the body well. In addition, the owners need to completely free the insulated room from furniture or objects that can retain glass wool fibers.
The cost of this material is quite low, which explains the feasibility of its use.
Compared to polystyrene, the thermal conductivity of mineral wool is higher, so it retains heat worse.
Mounting feature. To install glass wool, it is not necessary to plaster the surface of the insulated wall, but you need to mount a frame to fix the material. You also need to provide a layer of vapor barrier. Usually it is a dense film, with which the insulation layer is completely sewn up. It is tightly attached to the floor, frame and ceiling.
When insulating with glass wool, more of the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe room is eaten. That is why mineral wool is the answer to the question: how do the walls inside the apartment insulate.

Thanks to continuous development, today it is possible to insulate a wall even with plaster. The plastering technology for the purpose of insulating the internal walls is thought out to the smallest detail. Nuances that are important to consider when choosing this method of insulation:

Be sure to apply 3 layers. The first of which is a splash. The liquid solution is applied to the wall with a layer of 5-10 mm. This is done so that the material fills all the gaps. The second layer is 50-60 mm and is applied in three stages. This is the longest process, since each subsequent layer is applied after the previous one dries. The final layer is most often laid with a thickness of 3-5 mm. Its purpose is to completely level the wall and create a flat surface. The solution for this layer is sand diluted in water, which is rubbed into the base layer.
The advantage of this type of insulation is durability and resistance to mechanical damage.
The disadvantage is the higher cost compared to foam and the greater complexity and duration of the work.
Plastering retains heat less than foam materials.

polyurethane foam

This type of insulation is a dense foam that is applied directly to the wall by spraying. To work with this material, it is not necessary to carry out additional preparation of the wall, it is enough to mount the frame and fill it with material. Polyurethane foam is one of the latest developments in the construction industry, which boasts many advantages:

ease of use. Polyurethane foam is quite easy to work with even for beginners. The time required to complete the work is less than when plastering.
does not require waterproofing, as it does not let water through and does not get wet, like mineral wool.
low thermal conductivity, as a result - the material retains heat well inside the apartment.
has good adhesion to any surfaces, so that it forms one whole with the wall. It can even be applied to the ceiling.
allows you to insulate walls of any configuration, since the application method does not provide for the formation of seams and cracks.

Cork wallpaper is also a novelty in the field of insulation. Consider some aspects:

environmental friendliness. If you are deciding how best to insulate a room from an environmental point of view, then this material will completely satisfy you;
saving usable space. The use of wallpaper will not take many centimeters from the total area of \u200b\u200bthe room or balcony, since they are relatively thin;
low ability to retain heat. A plus for saving space is a minus when it comes to thermal insulation characteristics. Due to the fact that the layer is quite thin, it is not enough to fully insulate the building;
attractive decorative finish;
ease of use will allow you to insulate the apartment yourself, which in turn will save a lot of money.

How to insulate the walls in each case depends on the location of the building to be insulated, the initial budget, the area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment, the minimum temperatures in the cold season and other characteristics. Having familiarized yourself with the characteristics of insulating materials, you can make your house or apartment warm and cozy without involving qualified workers.

The question of whether it is worth insulating the walls of the house from the inside still does not have a definite answer. Some experts are ardent opponents of this option. Others, on the contrary, believe that such a decision will create the most comfortable conditions for people's lives. It should be noted that both are correct. It all depends on the specific situation, according to which this or that decision must be made. But even before the start of work on the insulation of the walls of the house from the inside, it is important to study the features of the process and select a safe material.

Main advantages

Warming the walls of the house from the inside is especially important in apartment buildings. It is sometimes the only option for creating comfortable conditions in those rooms that are adjacent to unheated, cold technical rooms or stairwells. It is possible to insulate the walls from the inside in a private house. Such a solution will preserve the original appearance of the facade or increase the amount of heat that will be stored in the building.

Such works belong to non-traditional technologies. Most often, their implementation is recommended in cases where it is simply impossible to arrange external insulation. These are, for example, the same high-rise buildings. After all, sometimes very often it is required to maintain heat in the premises of a panel house. Insulation of the walls in the apartment from the inside will be the only option when the work can be carried out independently, in the shortest possible time and without obtaining the appropriate permits that are necessary for the arrangement of the facade. As a result, the comfort of housing will increase, and the owners will forget about such troubles as fungus and mold.

Possible problems

Despite certain advantages, the insulation of the walls of the house from the inside has a number of disadvantages. It was they who became the reason for the appearance of opponents of this decision. So, the presence of insulation on internal walls buildings contribute to problems such as:

-Insecurity of the walls from the cold. After all, the supporting structure of the house does not get rid of contact with the outside air. This leads to its rapid destruction. Cracks begin to appear on the surface of the walls, because their insulation from the inside takes a certain part of the heat. And if before the events, the external structures of the building were heated from the inside, then upon completion of the work, this process stops.

-Dropout of condensate. As you know, on a cold surface in contact with warm air, moisture droplets form. This phenomenon is called the "dew point". The main goal facing the thermal insulation of the house is to move such a point outside the outer structure. Wall insulation from the inside in a private house or in a high-rise apartment leads to the formation of condensate at the border between the insulation and its surface. In this regard, the process is hidden from the owners, and they simply do not notice it. Walls with high humidity become an excellent breeding ground for mold and fungi.

-Reducing the size of the rooms. Today, the construction industry produces different kinds most modern materials having enough high efficiency. However, she has not yet come up with one that, while maintaining high specifications would be quite small in size. Warming the house from the inside will take from the premises from 5 to 10 cm of their space, which will significantly reduce the usable area. At first glance, this is not very noticeable. But if you count the entire building, the figure will be quite impressive.

Based on the foregoing, before starting work on insulating the walls of the house from the inside, it is advisable to carefully consider negative aspects such a decision. It is necessary to get rid of possible problems already at the initial stage, because otherwise the negative result will become noticeable in the first years of such operation.

materials

What makes it possible to use a technology that provides for the insulation of the surface of the walls from the inside of the building? These may be the most various materials with their own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. As a rule, the most popular options for insulation for such work are mineral wool and foam plastic, foam plastic, as well as boards made from wood fiber. Consider their advantages and disadvantages in more detail.

Styrofoam

Very often, the owners, who decide to insulate the house from the inside, opt for this material. After all, it is quite effective and, importantly, has a low cost. As a rule, 5 cm of such a protective layer is quite enough to provide a comfortable microclimate in the premises.

Styrofoam is most often used to insulate walls in apartments. multi-storey buildings. The use of this material allows you to install quickly, without additional tools and complex processing.

Among the disadvantages of polystyrene are the following:

low strength;

combustibility;

Poor vapor permeability.

The latest forecast contributes to the transformation of the house into a real greenhouse. To avoid this problem, you need to equip forced ventilation which will require additional labor and financial costs.

Penoplex

The closest relative of polystyrene is extruded polystyrene foam, also known as polystyrene foam. Outwardly, these two materials are very similar to each other. However, foam boards have Orange color and not white. In addition, it is more durable, which determines its durability.

However, the disadvantages of polystyrene in the form of flammability and poor vapor permeability of this material are still preserved. Insulation of the internal surfaces of the walls when using it will not allow the house to "breathe", which will require forced ventilation.

Can polystyrene foam be used to create comfortable indoor conditions? Yes, but you will need to prepare in advance for possible problems and fix them in time.

This option is more acceptable for a house, as well as one built from lightweight concrete. As for wood, it is usually chosen for the construction of buildings for its ability to "breathe". But the foam and foam block the air flow. This negates all the advantages of wood.

Mineral wool

These heaters are also widely used for interior cladding. Attractive in this material is its inexpensive price. Experts recommend using mineral wool in hard slabs to insulate the wall of the house from the inside with mineral wool. Such material is easy to install, non-flammable and has high strength.

Roll is produced under such brands as Rockwool, Knauf, and Isover. She has good:

1. Thermal conductivity. This allows you to use a thin layer of insulation.
2. Soundproof. The use of glass wool provides excellent protection against street noise. The air layer between its fibers contributes to similar properties of the material.
3. Vapor permeability.
4. Tear strength.
5. Resistance to biological attack, for example, to rodents.

In favor of this heater speaks and his high term services. It has been successfully fulfilling its functions for fifty years. In addition, mineral wool has a low density and low weight.

However, it should be borne in mind that this material perfectly absorbs water, ceasing to function after that according to its intended purpose. In order to prevent this from happening, provide vapor barrier and waterproofing in the form of a film or membrane. The first protects the insulation from the side of warm air, and the second - from the cold.

fiberboard

Warming from the inside can be carried out using They have:

Good sound absorption and thermal insulation;

Unattractive to rodents and insects;

Good resistance to moisture and temperature extremes;

Ease of processing using any tools;

Easy installation;

Ease of wiring.

However, it should be borne in mind that fiberboard boards are subject to treatment with toxic substances. This carries a danger to humans. That is why this material is most often used for outdoor decoration.

Warming of frame houses

For those who decide to improve the comfort of their home, you will need to check its condition. If any defects are found, they will need to be eliminated before work begins. Wall insulation frame house from the inside will require their cleaning and removal foreign objects. An important point it will also get rid of the gaps present in the structural elements. To do this, you need to apply mounting foam. If the wood of the walls is damp, then it is dried with a building hair dryer.

Performing the insulation of the walls of the house from the inside with your own hands, you will need to go through two stages. The first of these is the installation of waterproofing. The second stage involves laying a layer of thermal insulation.

Waterproofing is pre-cut into strips corresponding to the size of the walls and attached to them. Next, a heater is laid, placing it between the racks of a pre-arranged crate. The material chosen to create a comfortable temperature in the room is pre-cut into strips corresponding to the area of the walls. At the same time, their size may exceed the required one by 5 cm. Such a nuance allows you to lay the insulation more densely. This will increase the efficiency of its application.

Warming of wooden houses

Work in such buildings begins with the installation of the crate, which is equipped on the load-bearing walls. In this case, it is recommended to use a beam. Wall insulation wooden house from the inside using a metal profile makes sense in cases where in the future they will be sheathed with moisture-resistant plasterboard.

To create even and correct angles, prepare corner posts from a bar with a section of 50 x 100 mm. Their height should be equal to the height of the room. Along the edge of such a beam, a second one is reinforced with self-tapping screws, with a smaller section (50 x 50 mm). Such a solution will allow you to fix the selected material inside the created structure.

Warming the walls of a wooden house from the inside will require their preliminary treatment with a special liquid. This will protect the surface from rotting and burning.

The next step in insulating the walls of a wooden house from the inside with your own hands is the installation of bars, which are fastened in increments of 50 cm. After completing the arrangement of the crate, you can begin the process of fixing the material, which is most often mineral wool. The insulation is pre-cut along the height of the walls with a width exceeding the distance between the vertical parts of the structure by 2 cm.

Mineral wool is attached inside the crate anchor bolts. It can be laid in 2 layers, between which a film should be placed.

After fixing the heat insulator, bars measuring 30x40 mm are mounted. Next, sheathing is performed using the chosen by the owners decorative material, which may be, for example, lining. By the way, it will allow you to additionally insulate the house. In this case, the interior will look very attractive.

Warming of panel houses

In order to create a comfortable temperature in such a building, as a rule, mineral wool is used. In addition, wall insulation panel house from the inside it can be made with penofol and fibrolite, foamed polyurethane and cork wood.

How is such work carried out? Insulation of walls in a panel house from the inside will require their cleaning from old coatings. A vacuum cleaner can be used to remove dirt. The surface should be treated with a primer and an antiseptic. After applying the next layer, the wall must be allowed to dry thoroughly. At the next stage, the surface is leveled with plaster, covering all joints with mastic, sealant or moisture-resistant mortar. Only after that proceed to the arrangement of the heat insulator. The work is completed with the installation of the facing material, on which the final finish is applied.

Insulation of brick houses

Buildings made of this material are distinguished by durability and strength. However, brick retains heat much worse than, for example, wood. In order to maintain a comfortable temperature in the premises, it will be necessary to protect the walls from the cold.

Very often, the owners insulate the walls with isover from the inside in a brick house. is on the list of one of the most popular materials for such work. However, it should be borne in mind that you cannot leave it open. After all, over time, mineral wool will begin to emit dust that adversely affects the health of residents. If brick house with the use of this material will be insulated correctly, then there will be no problems in the future. In this case, it will only be necessary to carry out waterproofing of the insulating layers, since they easily absorb moisture, get wet, as a result of which they lose their properties.

To install an insulating layer of mineral wool with your own hands, you will need to prepare the following materials and tools:

Wooden slats;

mineral wool;

Film for waterproofing;

Film for vapor barrier;

plaster;

Primer;

Putty knife;

Plywood or drywall.

The installation of mineral wool is carried out after a thorough preparation of the walls, which are plastered and primed. It is not necessary to level such a surface, because in the future a crate will be mounted on it.

After the walls have dried, a layer of waterproofing is attached to them. Next, they begin to form the crate, which is made of wooden slats, fastening them together with screws. The next step is to install a heater. A vapor barrier film is placed on top of it and the laths of the crate. Cover such a structure with sheets of drywall or plywood. The joints of the facing material are sealed with putty.